Neal Fenwick
Analyst · Reza Vahabzadeh, Barclays
Thank you, Bob. Our second quarter performance is recapped on Slide 3. Reported sales increased 33% to $439 million, driven by the merger with Mead. On a pro forma basis, sales declined 9%. However, if you exclude Europe and currency, the sales decline is closer to 3%, which resulted from the legacy ACCO Brands business where we saw unfavorable mix in back-to-school sales. We did see growth in Brazil, Mexico and the Asia-Pacific region where sales were all up on a constant currency basis. As Bob also noted, the legacy Mead businesses performed well, and we expect that to continue for the remainder of the year.
Turning to our pro forma P&L. Gross margin declined 100 basis points to 30% in the quarter, as shown on Slide 4. The decline was due to an adverse sales mix, both product and customer, which had a 160 basis point impact. In North America, we saw consumers trend towards our lower price point product, and in Computer Products, we had a lower mix of security and other PC-related products, together with the loss of royalty income.
In terms of SG&A, we were able to improve SG&A as a percent of sales by 20 basis points to 19%, primarily due to cost-reduction initiatives that include lower cost in Europe and the U.S. These savings helped to offset the impact we saw from sales deleveraging. In all, operating income margin decreased 90 basis points to 9.6% from 10.5%. Foreign exchange had a $1.7 million adverse impact to the bottom line.
Turning to an overview of our pro forma segments. North America sales declined 5%, driven by volume and mix. The decline was primarily in the legacy ACCO U.S. business with lower sales in both direct and indirect channels. We saw a reduction in point-of-sale trends during the quarter, as well as the mix shift to our lower price point products during the back-to-school season. In addition, we saw additional inventory reduction by some customers. North America adjusted pro forma operating income declined 3% to $34 million, but as a percentage of sales, operating margin increased 20 basis points to 11.2%. Lower SG&A due to cost reductions helped offset unfavorable product mix, which reduced gross profit.
International segment sales decreased 18%, driven by volume, which had a 10% impact, and foreign exchange, which had an 8% impact. The decline in volume was primarily in Europe where we made the decision to exit low-margin product and also as a result of the even softer-than-expected economy. International segment margins declined 120 basis points to 6.8% due to adverse SG&A leverage from the top line decline. As a result, we will take even further actions to reduce costs in parts of our International segment.
Computer Products' sales decreased 8% due to FX and pricing, which each had a nearly 4% negative impact. The adverse pricing was mainly due to the loss of royalty income that resulted from the expiration of patents for our legacy security product at the beginning of this year. The expiration of the patents also caused a reduction in average selling prices for our sales of this product. Computer Products' volume increased modestly as sales of new products related to smartphones and tablet more than offset lower-than-expected sales of laptop accessories and security products, particularly in the U.S., due to a further slowdown in PC purchases during the quarter. Computer Products' operating margins declined to 22.2% versus 26.9% in the prior-year quarter due to product mix and the loss of the royalty income.
Turning now to our cash flow. We had net cash outflow year-over-year in the quarter, which will be a normal seasonal trend for the combined company. On a year-to-date basis, working capital was a use of $103 million, $79 million of which is an increase in accounts receivable. This is due to the seasonality we see with back-to-school shipments going out in the second half of the quarter. Much of the increase year-over-year was related to the acquired Mead business. We also had cash payments of $14 million related to the merger and $63 million of cash payments related to the refinancing. Other significant first-half cash payments included interest payments of $62 million and contributions to company pension plans of $16 million.
As we move into the third quarter and, more particularly, the fourth quarter, the business will generate significant amount of its annual cash flow. We anticipate by year end having approximately $125 million of excess cash that will likely be deployed for debt reduction. For 2013, we expect free cash flow to be about $150 million.
In terms of the revised sales and EPS guidance, we provided today, a comparison of this guidance to our earlier guidance is on Page 6 of our slides. 2/3 of the reduction in sales guidance is due to the further softening we've seen in Europe and in FX, and 1/3 is due to the changes in the U.S. and Computer Products. In terms of EPS, the changes related to the deleveraging caused by the lower top line, as well as mix and FX. We expect mix will be a bigger factor in Q3 than in Q4. The low end of our guidance assumes normal seasonal sequential improvement, but the same year-over-year trends continue for the remainder of the year. The high end of our guidance assumes sales decline abate, particularly in Q4.
On Slide 7, we have fine-tuned a number of our modeling assumptions, which include slightly-lower capital expenditure in 2012, approximately $40 million, and for 2013, $50 million. Longer term, we believe CapEx will be around $45 million annually. For cash interest, excluding transaction related, we are now expecting that to be slightly lower this year, around $65 million, and stepping down to $58 million next year, assuming debt reduction.
Our cash tax assumptions are also lower. We are now assuming $45 million annually for 2012 and 2013 as we will be able to utilize more of our NOL. Our 2012 assumption for tax rate is that it will be 30% in 2012 but increase to 35% in 2013 and future years, as we have reversed our state and certain foreign tax valuation allowances and now incorporates state taxes and lower dilution from our foreign operation.
At this point, we will conclude our prepared remarks, and Bob and I will be happy to take your question. Operator?