Good morning, and welcome to the Agree Realty First Quarter 2023 Conference Call. All participants will be in a listen-only mode for the duration of the call. [Operator Instructions] Please also note, that this event is being recorded today. I would now like to turn the conference over to Brian Hawthorne, Director of Corporate Finance. Please go ahead, Brian.

Thank you. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us for Agree Realty's first quarter 2023 earnings call. Before turning the call over to Joey and Peter to discuss our results for the quarter, let me first run through the cautionary language. Please note that during this call, we will make certain statements that may be considered forward-looking under federal securities law. Our actual results may differ significantly from the matters discussed in any forward-looking statements for a number of reasons. Please see yesterday's earnings release and our SEC filings, including our latest annual report on Form 10-K for a discussion of various risks and uncertainties underlying our forward-looking statements. In addition, we discuss non-GAAP financial measures, including our core funds from operations or core FFO, adjusted funds from operations or AFFO, and net debt to recurring EBITDA. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures can be found in our earnings release, website and SEC filings. I'll now turn the call over to Joey.

Thanks, Brian, and thank you all for joining us this morning. I'm extremely pleased to report that we're off to a strong start in 2023. The lack of competition amongst both public and private buyers has provided us with greater access to attractive risk-adjusted opportunities than anticipated. As demonstrated by our first quarter investment activity and even more evident in our pipeline and seller fatigue that's contributing to a narrowing bid-ask spread. We have seen a recent acceleration of cellular confitulation as the reality of a new pricing paradigm has begun to set in. Due to market forces, capitalized competition within our targeted sandbox is extremely limited. Our ability to quickly diligence and certainty to close our very attractive propositions for owners that have been on and off market with private purchasers. Our pipeline over the last few weeks has been very dynamic with a wide spectrum of opportunities. In the last several days alone, we've executed letters of intent to acquire over $100 million in high-quality assets at attractive cap rates, diversified portfolios, sale leasebacks, distressed developers and early extensions among the approximately 100 properties that we currently have under control. Given our acquisition volume in the first quarter and increased visibility into our pipeline, we are raising our acquisition guidance from at least $1 billion to at least $1.2 billion acquired for the year. That said, the world remains quite volatile, and we will not waiver from our stringent underwriting criteria. The investments we have made in technology and our team have provided our company a distinct competitive advantage. Both our analysts and rotation programs, led by our EVP of People and Culture, Nicole Widevine have given us a deep bench of multifaceted and talented future leaders. Similarly, our multiyear investments in information technology led by both ARC…

Thank you, Joey. Starting with earnings; core FFO for the first quarter was $0.98 per share, representing a 0.6% year-over-year increase. AFFO per share for the first quarter increased 1.5% year-over-year to $0.98. We received over $1.2 million of percentage rent during the quarter which contributed more than $0.01 of earnings to core FFO and AFFO per share, respectively. This should largely dissipate for the remainder of the year as most tenants are obligated to pay during the first quarter. As a reminder, treasury stock is included in our diluted share count prior to settlement if ADC stock trades above the deal price of our outstanding forward equity offerings. The aggregate dilutive impact related to these offerings was $0.05 in the first quarter. Our consistent and reliable earnings growth continues to support a growing and well-covered dividend. During the first quarter, we declared monthly cash dividends of $0.24 per common share for each of January, February and March. On an annualized basis, the monthly dividends represent a 5.7% increase over the annualized dividend from the first quarter of 2022. At 73%, our payout ratio for the first quarter was below the low end of our targeted range of 75% to 85% of AFFO per share. Subsequent to quarter end, we announced a monthly dividend of $0.243 per share for April. The monthly dividend equates to an annualized dividend of nearly $2.92 per share which represents a 3.8% year-over-year increase and a 2-year stack increase of 11.7%. General and administrative expenses totaled $8.8 million in the first quarter. G&A expense was 6.5% of revenue adjusted for the noncash amortization of above and below market lease intangibles or 7% of unadjusted revenue. For the full year, we expect G&A to decline a minimum of 50 basis points as a percentage of adjusted…

Thank you, Peter. At this time, operator, we'll open it up for questions.

[Operator Instructions] At this time, we will take our first question which will come from Josh Dennerlein with Bank of America.

Peter, Joe, I wanted to for your comment on your just everything that's gone on, you're accelerating your shift being like a full real estate provider for your partners; what shifted? What's accelerated? And what's to come?

I appreciate the question. I think this has been a long-term vision for us building out all 3 platforms, all 3 external growth platforms as well as the remainder of the team. So it's really a function of being able to deliver on multiple different avenues for growth, whether that's sale leasebacks with our retail partners, all the way to organic development and anything in between. I think the personnel changes we've had here, the team that's developed through again, as I mentioned, the analysts and the rotation programs, -- we're actually celebrating the 10-year anniversary of our first analyst today at lunchtime. It's really provided us the opportunity to lever multiple platforms. At the same time, retailers today, given the capital constrained environment. I think appreciate our ability to really accelerate their growth and to step into challenging situations, given the availability of capital we have and then those multiple levers and options that we provide.

Got it. And then maybe just on the cap rate side, that feels like it's probably close to stopping interest rate increases from here. Just kind of curious, what are you seeing on the private side? Like do you still feel like there's adjustments to come on the cap rate side? Or is there further kind of uplift in cap rates?

Well, it's tough to predict the future in this world we live in today. What we see, as I mentioned during the prepared remarks, is we see, frankly, more seller fatigue in capitulation. That's accelerated in the past few weeks, as I mentioned. But we see sellers frankly, meeting the market, and we are the purchaser of choice there. And so what happens on a go-forward basis will be difficult. Obviously, we have visibility into Q3. I anticipate cap rates could potentially tick up nominally as well -- sorry, Q2 could tick up nominally as well. Seeing beyond 70 days is very difficult. And I remind everybody, this is a large and fragmented space and we are looking for opportunities within it. And so I'm not sure it's necessarily emblematic of the broader cap rate environment.

Our next question will come from Eric Wolfe with Citi.

Looking at your revised acquisition guidance, it amounts to nearly 5% of your current enterprise value. Just curious whether you have any sort of internal rule as to how much cash flow growth should be created from this level of activity, call it, every 10% growth in EV should equate to 4% to 5% growth in cash flow, just basically the internal rules that you have around rewarding capital providers?

Well, I'll tell you there's no internal hard and fast rule there. Obviously, enterprise growth should result in AFFO and increased dividend to shareholders. We're very cognizant in investing capital to make sure that we're doing it on an accretive basis. At the same time, qualitatively, I would tell you, is just important. As you can see during this quarter, probably the highest quality quarter of acquisitions potentially we've ever had outside of maybe the depth of code you're looking at 75% investment-grade assets, over 13 years of term to some of the best retailers in the country. So at the same time, we want to deliver, obviously, accretion to our shareholders. We want to improve the portfolio. And as we've talked about for a couple of quarters here and as well as the prepared remarks, we're just not going to go up to the risk -- up the risk curve there to create larger spreads while sacrificing on real estate and credit quality. That's not something we're willing to do. And so I think the most important thing that investors and listeners can take away from this call is we've been able to maintain our discipline. We haven't undertaken any strategic shifts and we're able to execute through all of the different levers that we have in terms of growth.

Got it. And is there any sort of, I guess, spread that would make you go out higher on the risk curve? I mean, if you're able to get a 9 cap rate, for instance, versus, say, call it, the 6.7% -- because I'm just effectively trying to figure out if there's a certain level of loss that's embedded in your view of noninvestment-grade tenants versus investment grade, that sort of would help explain if there's a certain spread that might take it more or less attractive?

It's a great question. It's case specific for us. I'll remind everyone, we don't target investment grade that is not a bogey for us we're huge fans of operators like Publix and Chip file and [indiscernible] which don't carry an investment-grade credit rating, just the predominance of the best retailers in this country, obviously, carry an investment-grade credit rating. In terms of going up the risk curve and spreads, it's a function of credit, but also a function of just residual. We're not interested in single-purpose boxes here. That is something that we have buoy. We're not interested in car washes or top golf just naming a few, obviously, that we can't get to the residual. I've always talked about a good net lease investor as opposed to a fixed income investor doesn't have a repayment of principal on the expiration of that term. The art of net lease investing is understanding what that residual real estate is and what the demand for that is. So single-purpose boxes to us are our biggest challenge. From a credit perspective, obviously, we're able to underwrite those. But again, the single-purpose boxes drive less demand and unfavorable outcomes when it comes to re-leasing in the event of lease expiration or a bankruptcy and rejection.

Our next question will come from Rob Stevenson with Janie.

Joey, there's a slew of Gerber collisions in the development pipeline and the ones you referenced that were recently completed, I think it's like 21, including the 3 completed. Once these are all completed by year-end. Where does that take the 1.7% of ABR? I know a lot depends on what else you acquire elsewhere. But where does that exposure sort of stabilize? Is that a 2% exposure tenant when all said and done, 3%? How do you envision that?

No, I think you think you're dead on. I think that's most likely a 2% to 3% exposure. We've talked at length about Gerber Collision and probably on the lower end, frankly, that 2% to 3%. But we've talked at last about Gerber Collision, their relative space in the relative position in their collision space. Again, there's 3 large operators in this country. Gerber is the only non-private equity-owned publicly owned by Boyd Group. You can look and see their balance sheet, their financials on the Toronto Stock Exchange. They're a tremendous operator. They're a great partner for us. It is an extremely interesting space given the depth and complexity of just the collisions and the repairs that occur today. I think I talked about it, tap your bumper on a light pole today, it's 2 cameras and a sensor. And so Gruber has got a very unique proposition, and they're really aligned with the third-party payers, the auto insurers in this country in terms of targeting net new store opportunities. And so we're a big fan of Gerber and we think that they are the preeminent operator in the collision space. But I think your 2% to 3% on the low end of that 2% is probably appropriate.

And do they continue to be a disproportionate amount of the starts over the next 12 months? Or are there other -- is that sort of wind down now and replaced by other people in that development pipeline?

We'll see. I'd tell you, we obviously have a significant pipeline to wrap up with Gorge. We completed 3 projects in Florida and in California, but we're always looking at opportunities with Gruber, but then also other retailers that can change on a dime.

Okay. And then second question, how are you thinking about dispositions today given the current market environment? You've been buying, but is today also the right time to sell assets other than theatres? Or are you better off holding assets without near-term tenant issues and total interest rates settle down? How are you thinking about that?

I think we're really -- first of all, we're really comfortable with where the portfolio stands today. We have been active, especially on a relative basis, historically, on the disposition front, weather was reducing Walgreens exposure, franchise, restaurant exposure, health and fitness exposure. Luckily, we didn't make too many missteps along the way since launching the acquisition platform in 2010. I think the biggest challenge with disposition activity today is just -- it's a cost benefit analysis, frankly, of time. And this team which works there but off here, rolling through 1031 potential purchasers for 3 different purchase agreements and dropping them is just, frankly, an inefficient use of our time for minimal proceeds. So if the -- everything in our portfolio of 1,900 assets are for sale at the right price, but we aren't going to be inefficient and waste our time with buyers that are necessarily capable of executing. And so we'll continue to vet opportunities. At the same time, we don't need to be in recycled capital mode to try to generate those spreads given the position of our balance sheet.

And our next question will come from Handel St. Juste with Mizuho.

This is Ravi Vaidya on the line for Handel. I hope you guys are doing well. I wanted to ask you about larger portfolio deals. Can you discuss the pricing of the larger deals within what you acquired this quarter? And are you still seeing large portfolios come to market? Should we still expect portfolio discounts in this current environment?

Look, it's a moving target, Robbie. I think the portfolio transaction we did was a diversified portfolio of approximately 8 to 10 assets. There were some unique nature in terms of short-term leases and they're on early extensions. I think the portfolio discount depends on who's out there in the market and wants to deploy capital at that time. And so a lot of it is time and place. What I will tell you is, certainly, there is less bidders out there. As I mentioned in our prepared remarks, the -- the competition is infrequent slim or none today. And so it's really based upon the timing of that potential sale as well as the composition of it and then the select purchase potential purchasers that are out there, they're frankly, their needs at the timing.

Got it. Just one more here. Can you discuss your funding needs to execute on your revised acquisition target? And what would you let your leverage tick up from the 4.5% than it is today for issuing equity?

I'll let Peter talk about it in detail, but our funding needs are, frankly, are not. We were very clear coming into the year, pre-equitizing the balance sheet that we could execute while staying within our targeted leverage range, but I'll hand it over to Peter.

Yes, Robbie, we ended the quarter in a great position with pro forma net debt to recurring EBITDA of 3.7x, total liquidity of $1.2 billion, including $360 million of outstanding forward equity. And so as Joey mentioned, we have plenty of capital today to execute on our acquisition guidance, and we don't have a need for additional equity this year, and we can stay within our targeted leverage range. We're executing on that guidance. And so we're in an excellent position today.

Thanks.

And our next question will come from Linda Tsai with Jefferies.

Can you provide color on the profile of the sellers who are capitulating on pricing? And with rates potentially stabilizing now? What do you think is the impact? And how long would it take to show up in pricing in the transaction market?

Linda, it's a wide breadth and range of sellers that are meeting the market. Well, I'll tell you, we've seen an acceleration in merchant builders, private owners, specifically none that are overly notable, but that we're holding the line and hoping for 2021 and the first 2/3 of 2022 pricing, and then have effectively capitulated to pricing that we think -- we think made sense. On prior calls, I mentioned we hadn't seen Old Reilly's or tractor supplies or any of those types of credit crack, call it, $61.5 on full term assets. That's no longer the case. And so rates may be stabilizing here, spreads are still wide. The cost of capital, the inputs for private owners today, whether it's construction loans or more permanent debt is still obviously extremely disparate from where it was just a year ago. And so we're going to continue to see, hopefully, more sellers meet that market and frankly, get off of their 5 handles. I mean that was the real problem is that sellers were holding on to those 5 handle transactions that, frankly, really were transaction absent the Lucky 1031 buyer.

And then on the merchant developers facing the need to sell that you've been talking about this past few quarters, how the business cool? And how many more quarters do you think you could opportunistically buy from them?

Well, it's interesting. I would tell you that the conversations have now transitioned to our retail partners who are now looking at their 2024 pipelines and the merchant build programs and how they can effectively backfill those programs. That can range from creating self-development programs, doing more on balance sheet, converting their merchant builders to fee programs, partnering with somebody like us to either develop or be the capital source. I'll tell you, those are weekly conversations that we have. The merchant builder stuff will continue to flow. The question is how high do we frankly want to take some of these exposures where merchant build programs were effectively the driver of growth for some of these retailers. But the conversations right now that we're having here about solving for 2024 needs and beyond, and they involve both the merchant builders, but also the ultimate resolution is going to be driven by the retailer and how they can change their platforms to execute on their storing strategy in this new pricing paradigm that we're in today.

Just one last question. In terms of portfolio allocation, how comfortable are you with exposure? I guess your grocery exposure ticked up a little bit close to 11% now of ADR...

Extremely comfortable. We're not going up the risk curve. Obviously, Kroger jumped this quarter. We're not buying small grocers -- every grocery transaction we did during the quarter was with an investment-grade operator, including the 2 sale leasebacks. We acquired our first Whole Foods this quarter or this past quarter as well. So I think if you look into that exposure, we're acquiring the best grocers in the country here that we have very good relationships with.

And our next question here will come from Brad Heffern with RBC Capital Markets.

I'm curious how much of the seller capitulation is just a final recognition that the world has changed and how much of it is more attributable to just the recent turmoil in the bank and financing markets?

Yes, I don't think any of it is necessarily -- I mean that is obviously recent news here in terms of the recent turmoil in the bank market. I think it is seller finally realizing that holding out for the 1031 or private purchaser with that 5 handle just isn't working. Obviously, comps are trailing data. I think they're starting to see more realistic comps. I think they're talking to brokers here that are saying, this is going to be sitting on market. It's slim to none that this actually trades in the mid-5s or low 5s. And I think we're just seeing, frankly, seller fatigue. Now this isn't across the board by any means. These are cracks. We're guiding to $1.2 billion at least this year. This isn't a wholesale change, but we are seeing an acceleration, especially in the past few weeks of sellers leaving the flag.

Okay. I mean do you think that there will eventually be maybe more on the cap rate side that emerges from this bank stuff? I'm just thinking the market you guys compete in, 1031s with small boxes, like presumably a lot of people would go to a bank to finance things like that. So do you think eventually it creates some sort of pressure?

It certainly can't hurt. It certainly can't hurt. I think we've seen the 1031 market window to a fractional piece of what it was. Many of those purchases, if they weren't all cash, as you mentioned, relied upon the regional bank market for leverage [ph]. And so it certainly can't hurt. I'd tell you that it does put wind at the back of a potential expansion of cap rates here. But again, it really comes down to individual owners here and their willingness and/or decision to capitulate.

Okay, got it. And then, Peter, going back to kind of the financing commentary from earlier, the Capital Markets commentary, you mentioned no need for equity for the rest of the year. For the incremental debt, I mean, is the expectation that, that just goes on the credit line? Or would you think about doing some sort of unsecured offering or a term loan and locking in where rates are now?

Yes, I think that will ultimately depend Brad, on the markets and what we see from a pricing perspective. As you mentioned, there's no near-term need for capital today. Our revolver has just under $200 million on it as of the end of the quarter. And so we have plenty of capacity there as well as the $360 million of outstanding forward equity. And so -- in terms of accessing the capital markets for the remainder of the year, we'll continue to monitor them and be opportunistic in terms of how and when we access [ph].

Our next question will come from Wes Golladay with Baird.

How big can you get this development in PCS program this year? And then can you give us an update on Bed Bath & Beyond, -- can you start any redevelopments there this year if you get any back?

Yes. To the second question, the Bed Bath, we have the 3 bed bass paying an average of $9.50 or $9.40 a foot in the portfolio. We're extremely excited to get those back. We think we'll see a significant NOI lift from those opportunities and have tenants effectively ready to go. It really depends on when Bed bat turns those stores over, whether or not RCDs would be this year. I would anticipate most likely most likely next year as Bed Bath continues to wind down through the liquidation process. I would also add, those leases could be acquired, right? Those leases could be acquired through the bankruptcy process, and then you'd have on the flip side, absolutely no gap in terms of rent. So we'll see how those play out, but there are 3 really great pieces of real estate with significant interest in predominantly off-price players. Your first question, what was it, Wes?

Yes. How -- I think you started 5 projects in the first quarter. How big could that get this year for starts?

Going to get as big as it is large and as deep as opportunities make sense in today's environment. Again, duration equals risk, development has longer duration. And so it has to be appropriate spreads that we think we're going to be remunerated appropriately. And so we will be selective on what we enter into from a development or Partner Capital Solutions platform just because of that duration risk and the unknown macro or cap rate interest rate environment that we're in. We're seeing a lot of projects. We're seeing a lot of opportunities on both fronts. We're working with a number of retailers on organic front. But we want to make sure we don't get caught behind the gall here if we continue to see cap rate expansion and have shovels in the ground that are delivering 12 to 18 months from now.

Got it. And then, just my final question. We talked in the past about the cost of debt being maybe higher than the cost of equity, especially on the short term. Is there a point where [ph] gets to where you just settle the forward early without acquisitions lined up and just pay down the line of credit?

Yes, Wes, this is Peter. I think we continue to view the revolver as an effective tool for shorter-term borrowings, and we'll continue to utilize it throughout the year where appropriate. As you mentioned, we have $360 million of forward equity and fully backstop our current outstanding balance on the revolver. And so we'll continue to monitor what makes the most sense in the context of revolver pricing in our pipeline and other capital markets opportunities available to us.

Thanks.

Our next question will come from Ki Bin Kim with Truist.

So Joey, given that your portfolio has a significant IG presence, what kind of cost of capital pressures are they feeling? And does that open up additional opportunities for you guys? And secondly, do you try to price your cap rates somewhat in lockstep if you see a rise in cost of capital for your tenants?

It's a great question. You can see sale-leaseback transactions that trade extremely disparate or more in lockstep with the unsecured paper of the respective retailers. And that's an interesting question that Peter frankly, often brings up when we look at potential transactions or transactions relative to the space. I'll tell you, we are seeing an increased opportunities. We executed on a number of sale leasebacks in the first quarter. Obviously, these retailers are very cognizant of where their cost of capital, specifically their cost of debt is. There's a number of transactions in the pipeline will execute in Q2 and Q3 or early in Q3 already. And so it is an opportunity for us that I think will be disproportionate in terms of volume and the overall volume for the year as everything goes -- if everything goes as anticipated which is probably a big astros there. But we're seeing an increased flow from our retail partners that are coming to us and saying, where does this make sense to do with sale-leaseback? And obviously, they're comparing that at the CFO level to where they could issue unsecured paper.

And what does the cap rates look like for the acquisitions you have in the pipeline for -- and second, at what price can you raise that at longer-term debt?

I'll take the first part. I'll let Peter answer the debt question. Q2 as it stands right now, will either be not -- will be either be nominally higher similar composition in terms of credit profile, nominally higher cap rates or equal, really depending on the timing of some closings here. But I think our Q2 pipeline, obviously, is strong. That's why we increased guidance here, and it's accelerated, as I mentioned in the prepared remarks, quite drastically in the last week.

And Ki Bin, in terms of our cost of debt today, we could price 10-year debt in roughly the mid-5s which is relatively in line with what we discussed, I believe, on last quarter's call. But again, today, we don't have a near-term need for that capital.

And if I can cheat here and ask a third question. So you did a deal with Kroger. Obviously, they have a joint venture with Ocado to build out their CFCs, the automated grocery distribution centers. Is that at all an opportunity you're looking at?

No. We're going to stick to retail. Obviously, they've actually pared back the openings with Kroger Ocado, but we're going to stick to a single tenant retail here with dominant operator. So the 9 Krogers added during the quarter, I believe it was 9 were all freestanding grocery stores.

Our next question will come from Ronald Kamdem with Morgan Stanley.

Just a couple of quick ones. Just on the ground leases. I appreciate the commentary on selectation on the acquisitions, but maybe can you talk specifically to the ground leases, what you're seeing there in terms of cap rate movements and opportunities?

Yes. I think if anything, people have been more cognizant of ground leases, I've talked on previous calls, probably due to some of our fault and then safe recognition. And then the sell-side recognition, there's more attention paid to them. We acquired 2 during the quarter. There's a number of them in our pipeline. But I think people are becoming generally speaking, more aware of the embedded value in the ground lease space. We were very fortunate to take advantage of it for a while, but we continue to find those select opportunities, whether they be blended extends, but a really interesting one in California this quarter with a former seller, but we'll continue to source those opportunities. But I do think there is more recognition of the embedded value in that space now.

Got it. And then the second question was just -- so obviously, the acquisition guidance ticked up this quarter. You talked about sort of more seller capitulation I think we could sort of appreciate that comment. But when do you think sort of like what needs to happen for acquisitions to get back to 10% of EV, right? Is it the macro? So what are we sort of waiting for to get this engine back given that you guys are sort of in advantaged position at this point?

Well, $1.2 billion were more than 10% of EV for the year, right? I think that we're still at, call it, 12%-ish of enterprise value. I think what needs to happen is we need to see spreads adjust appropriately, whether the cost of debt comes in or cap rates rise or any of the cost of capital inputs give us a more favorable spread. And so again, the year is still fairly young. It can change any day here. We don't have visibility outside of the first couple of weeks, frankly, right now of Q3 with an average transaction taking 71 days. Our commitment has always been, as we see the pipeline materialize, we're going to keep market participants current. And so that increasing guidance specifically reflects our Q2 pipeline and the beginning of Q3.

[Operator Instructions] Our next question here will come from Tayo Okusanya with Credit Suisse.

Yes. Good morning, everyone. Joe, we -- you guys are clearly IG, but I think, again, a lot of your peers also kind of do a lot of stuff in the non-IG middle market side of the equation. I'm curious, I mean, are you surprised you haven't seen more issues on that side of the tenant base. It just seems interesting that with everyone kind of talking about credit being debt being harder to get, we're kind of talking about potential slowdown in consumer demand or all these kind of things, that credit across the board, both on the IG and non-IG side has been so stellar.

Well, I wouldn't tell you I'm surprised. I think we're seeing cracks that are publicly available. So whether that's Bed Bath & Beyond, Party City, Tuesday morning, filing bankruptcy as public entities, whether it's the Burger King franchisees we've seen that have made the news, I think a lot of the challenges with the lack of transparency in the space relative to individual assets, credit and then portfolio concentrations. And so I would tell you, the first step is always a rent concession or deferral. The second step is generally something more overt that's available to investors to see, if at all which pros up in, obviously, occupancy first. But I would tell you, we're very early on in this cycle. I continue to believe that we are seeing a post-COVID retail world that is rationalizing back to the pre-COVID world which will involve more bankruptcies, more store rationalizations and the cream rising to the top. Now, a lot of that is subject to obviously the macroeconomic outlook, and we don't have a crystal ball, the strength of the consumer. But we're starting to see cracks in the casual dining space. You'll see a lot of those assets currently flooding the market with some names that everybody is familiar with. I think the [indiscernible] challenges have been obviously betting the news with their parent company. And so I think we're going to continue to see this, and it's not going to be a falling night unless something dramatic happened in the economy, it continues to demonstrate itself and reveal itself in correct. Now how you read through those cracks and what you think the potential outcomes are relative to the macroeconomic outlook, I think that is up to everybody's individual discernment.

And that concludes our question-and-answer session. I'd like to turn the conference back over to management for any closing remarks.

Well, thank you, everybody, for joining us today. And we look forward to seeing you at the upcoming conferences, and we appreciate everybody's time.

Thank you very much for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect your lines.