Greetings. Welcome to Alcon's Fourth Quarter 2023 Earnings Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. [Operator Instructions]. Please note, this conference is being recorded. At this time, I will now turn the conference over to Dan Cravens, Vice President and Global Head, Investor Relations. Mr. Cravens, you may now begin.

Welcome to Alcon's fourth quarter 2023 earnings conference call. Today, we issued a press release, interim financial report, and annual report posted and posted a supplemental slide presentation on our website to enhance today's call. You can find all these documents in the Investor Relations section of our website at investor.alcon.com. Joining me on today's call are David Endicott, our Chief Executive Officer and Tim Stonesifer, our Chief Financial Officer. Our press release, presentation and discussion will include forward-looking statements. We expressly disclaim any obligation to update forward-looking statements as a result of new information or future developments, except as required by law. Our actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in our forward-looking statements are included in Alcon's Form 20-F and our earnings press release and interim financial report on file with the SEC and available on the SEC's website. Non-IFRS financial measures used by the company may be calculated differently from, and therefore, may not be comparable to, similar measures used at other companies. These non-IFRS measures should be considered along with, but not as alternatives to the operating performance measures as prescribed for IFRS. Please see a reconciliation between our non-IFRS measures with directly comparable measures presented in accordance with our IFRS and our public filings. For discussion purposes, our comments on growth are expressed in constant currency. In a moment, David will begin by recapping highlights from the fourth quarter. After his remarks, Tim will discuss our performance and outlook for 2024. Then David will wrap up and we'll open the call for Q&A. With that, I will now turn the call over to our CEO, David Endicott.

Thanks, Dan. Good morning, and welcome to Alcon's fourth quarter 2023 earnings call. As I reflect on 2023, I'm extremely proud of what the team has accomplished. In a year of continued supply challenges, foreign exchange headwinds, high inflation, persistent competition and geopolitical uncertainty, our team achieved some remarkable things. We outgrew our markets in almost every category with sales of $9.4 billion, double-digit sales growth of 10%. This is driven by our broad portfolio of innovative products, solid commercial execution in robust markets. We grew quarterly earnings by 33% to $2.74 per share. We expanded core operating margin by a 150 basis points to 19.7%. And when adjusting for foreign exchange, we grew core operating margin by 280 basis points to 21%. We generated more than $700 million of free cash flow, and we advanced our innovation and commercial agenda, particularly in our Vision Care franchise with the launch of total 30 for astigmatism and multifocal. We also expanded our ocular health business with the integration of Rocklatan and Rhopressa and concluded Phase 3 trials for AR-15512, our dry eye pharmaceutical candidate. Based on these results, it's clear that our portfolio of products is winning. Our markets are growing and remain healthy. We're demonstrating our ability to execute commercially, and we're steadily advancing our pipeline. Now look forward into 2024. I'm excited about our product pipeline and our commercial agenda. Let me start with Surgical. Most exciting near-term product launch is UNITY VCS, our next generation Phacovit device. This machine delivers unprecedented surgical performance that we expect will drive upgrades and capture market share. UNITY is a dual console with best-in-class Phaco and vitreoretinal capabilities. This combination reduces the equipment footprint in the OR and streamlines the procedural setup and intraoperative workflows. In addition, it was designed to create…

Thanks, David. We're pleased to report fourth quarter sales of $2.3 billion up 10% versus prior year including favorable pricing. Our fourth quarter U.S. dollar sales growth included approximately 200 basis points of pressure from foreign currency. In our surgical franchise, revenue was up 8% year-over-year to $1.4 billion. Implantable sales were $438 million in the quarter, up 5% year-over-year, mainly driven by demand for our advanced technology intraocular lenses, including Vivity, PanOptix and our monofocal torics in international markets. In consumables, our fourth quarter sales were up 9% to $688 million. In the quarter, we saw strong demand for cataract and vitrect consumables, particularly in international markets. In equipment, sales of $226 million were up 14% year-over-year. Sales were driven by double-digit growth in international markets for cataract and vitrect equipment due to the ongoing upgrade cycle. We also saw higher service revenues in the quarter. While we expect the international equipment upgrade cycle to continue into 2024, given the strong sales in 2023 and the future UNITY Phaco launch. We expect equipment sales to be broadly in line with 2023. Turning to Vision Care, fourth quarter sales of $980 million were up 13%. Contact lens sales were up 10% to $579 million in the quarter. Our innovation, including sphere and toric product launches, continues to win in the market. This growth was partially offset by declines in our legacy lens brands. Additionally, we saw strong contribution from price in the quarter. In Ocular Health, fourth quarter sales of $401 million were up 17% year-over-year. This growth was driven by portfolio of eye drops, price increases and recovery from supply chain challenges in contact lens care. Approximately 4 points of ocular health growth in the quarter was from products acquired in 2022. Now moving down the income statement. Fourth…

Thanks, Tim. To conclude my remarks, I want to thank the team once again for a strong 2023. These results demonstrate the durability of our markets, the breadth of our growth drivers and the expertise of our team. As we look to the future, we have a lot of momentum underpinned by a robust pipeline of products. We continue to expand our portfolio into high growth, high margin and durable opportunities that will drive above market sales, deliver operating leverage and long-term shareholder value. And with that, let's open up the line for Q&A.

Thank you. At this time, we'll be conducting a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions]. Thank you. And our first question today will be coming from the line of Veronika Dubajova with Citi. Please proceed with your questions.

Hey, guys. Good morning and thank you for taking my questions. I have two please. The first one is just looking at the IOL performance and in particular in the U.S. David, there's been a lot of debate in the market about competitive pressures, new product launches. And so I'd love to understand from your guidance perspective what you are seeing in your U.S. premium IOL business, so kind of backwards looking at kind of fourth quarter and also what your expectations are heading into 2024? Obviously, we have a number of product launches coming up from some of your competitors and kind of what your assumptions are around that, I guess related to that, my follow-up is on the same topic, but slightly forward-looking as well. You mentioned in your prepared remarks that you're excited about the pipeline, including some new innovations in IOL. Can you maybe talk to what those look like and when you expect them to be commercial and why they matter? Thanks so much.

Yes. Thanks, Veronika. Just a couple of things. On IOLs look, we had strong growth internationally and a solid U.S. performance. The U.S. is really wrapping around competitive impacts at this point. So, penetration in the U.S. grew about 10% over prior year sorry, 10 basis points over prior year, and about 50 basis points sequentially. So in terms of movement of penetration, we feel like it's normalizing, we think kind of long-term this 50 basis points that we have talked about in the past is a good answer. Look we have maintained our share in the U.S. on AT-IOLs for the PC category, but we've lost a little bit in Toric. And again, I think that's to be expected. What we see right now though is that that sequentially seems to be moderating and we're kind of normalizing around where we've been. So I think long-term, we feel pretty good about the U.S. and kind of as expected, I would say. The bigger story though is the global AT-IOL penetration and that was up 170 basis points and principally driven by China. So we kind of look forward on this and say, where is the opportunity for share, where is the opportunity for penetration growth. Certainly, there's some in the U.S, but it's likely to be moderate. Internationally, we see China and the VBP there and that win has a very significant opportunity for us, because we have a single-digit share in China. We've been under indexed there for quite some time. We chose not to play in the last VBP. And in this case, we have won the VBP kind of against most of the categories, I think seven of the eight. So Vivity, PanOptix, Toric, our whole line basically is going to be in play starting middle part of the year. And as you probably know, China is the second largest ATIOL market in the world. So from our point of view, we've got nice progress to be made internationally, U.S. is normalizing and there are going to be new products coming in. None of that is new to us. So I think we've been talking about competitors coming in and seeing them internationally and even the ones we kind of know are going to be first in the U.S. We're not terribly bothered about. A lot has been made I think out of the RxSight product and I would just say that again it's I think was 15,000 to 20,000 lenses in a 1 million unit market. So it's just not going to be a big deal. I think directionally we have a really good eye on our international growth and the penetration number in particular.

That is helpful, that's an innovation?

Yes. Look, I mean we are working on a number of ideas. I mean, first of all, PanOptix is a patented trifocal that has set points that are unique. And I think it's very difficult to improve on it. So I think I recognize there are people who say they're coming in with trifocals. There are very few going to be competitive as they are around the world, very few that are competing with PanOptix in that way. And Vivity has a very unique wavefront shaping idea. So these are very specific technologies, which afford very specific benefits. And I think they are going to be very durable in the U.S. market as they have been around the world. We are working on a number of other ideas. Obviously, we've got some ideas around how we can improve contrast sensitivity, how we can improve intermediate vision. Those are going to be experimented with for the rest of this year and into next year. And we'll -- if we find something we really get excited about, we'll bring that out and we'll get you information around that when we do. The other big thing of course is our accommodating and adjustable program. And that program will read out in the middle part of the year on its first in-human trial. And we'll give you updates around that at that point. But again, I think we have what we think are really good ideas around both accommodation and adjustability. We think our adjustable mechanism is more durable, it's easier to do, and it's a little bit more predictable than what's currently available. So although it's a fairly far away out, I would just say that in terms of long-term, we feel very good about our competitiveness.

That's great. Thanks, guys.

Our next question is from the line of Ryan Zimmerman with BTIG. Please proceed with your question.

Good morning. Thanks for taking the questions and congrats on the '23. Two part question on guidance first and then one on Rocklatan and Rhopressa. On guidance, Tim, when you look at results over the past year and I appreciate the commentary on pacing for margins, the top line doesn't follow I guess what I'd consider kind of normal seasonality, right? First quarter was above fourth quarter, second quarter grew and then third quarter fell. Just help us on the top line maybe with pacing through the year? And then the second part on guidance is I appreciate you're taking FX from the end of January, but if you look at the Japanese Yen for example, it's gone up I think 240 basis points the other way in February. So just how might that impact the EPS guide? And then I have a follow-up on Rocklatan and Rhopressa?

Yes, thanks Ryan. Good question. Yes, so from a top line perspective, this year was a little bit different or 2023 was a little bit different than prior years. But as I look back at historical growth rates, I think we will trend towards more of a common seasonality. So I would expect from a revenue perspective, I would expect Q2 to be higher as we ramp up for allergy season. And then I would expect Q4 to also be a little bit higher given the fact that typically equipment sales are stronger in Q4. So I'd go back to your kind of '22, '21 models and I think we'll probably pace towards that. As far as FX, listen, our internal processes are really built around kind of locking down a budget at the end of January. So it's just not really practical to finish our budget yesterday for today's call. So that's why we picked the end of January. To your point, the end's up, if you look at the end of January, the end was about 147. I think today it's about 150. So there is a bit of a pressure point, but if you look at some of the other currencies in the emerging markets, we've gotten some favorability there. So I would say overall versus the end of January, FX has an immaterial rate as of today. We'll continue to monitor that going forward and if there are any changes, we'll certainly let you know.

Okay. And then Rocklatan and Rhopressa, David, if I think back, I think it was growing and correct me if I'm wrong 20% a year or at least it was on that pace before you guys acquired it. So you guys grew mid- single-digits. So what's the right way to think about those assets in your hand as you make them organic in '24?

Yes. Look, we're very positive about where it is right now. I think you got to remember there's a big push in the market to generics right now and as a number of the glaucoma products have gone generic, there has been a lot of access pressure. So I think directionally there has been a little bit of a slowing both in the market. I think the market was net negative in value. And I think directionally, we grew in the high single-digits on TRx. I think what we expect kind of going forward is that we'll certainly outgrow the market and grow gain share. And I think we're kind of pleased with where we are at this point. But remember too that we had to consolidate two sales forces, put them together, get them out there, redeploy that group. So I think we're through that bit and I expect kind of I would think a very positive kind of teams kind of growth in that area.

Thank you.

Our next question is from the line of Susannah Ludwig with Bernstein. Please proceed with your question.

Thanks. Good afternoon and thanks for taking my questions. I have one follow-up. So on 15512 [ph], can you provide some color as to what are the swing factors that you can get you from sort of the low end to the high end of your $250 million to $400 million peak sales? Just on this, also this is a category that's quite sensitive to marketing spend. So how much investment do you think it will require to drive this sales range?

Yes, good questions. I think what we're going to obviously be focused on is labeling and access in the early parts of the next kind of year and a half. So we'll submit in the middle part of the year. We'll have a good discussion. We feel good about what we've got in terms of labeling. I think as we get all of that detail out and we look at what the access point is and how fast we can get access, that will determine, I think the early curve on this one. And then access is obviously a big deal in a market like this. So I think those are the big variables if you kind of step back and say how do we move this product along. Investment wise, I think as we get closer to it, we'll have a better picture of how we want to -- how we see this. But I would say that we expect to have some significant leverage from our existing sales force. And obviously, depending on the size of the product, we may make considerable investments. But I think directionally, we believe this is kind of a -- we'll size it appropriately to wherever we end up with the revenue.

Okay, great. Thank you.

Our next question is from the line of Anthony Petrone with Mizuho Group. Please proceed with your questions.

Thanks for taking the questions. Congrats here on a good quarter. Maybe one, I'll start with on contact lenses and maybe talk a little bit about the sustainability of price in contact lenses and maybe the flip side of that question is on the manufacturing side. We're hearing that there are still constraints, I think for all of the suppliers. So maybe just talk a little bit about the manufacturing capacity just industry wide and what needs to be done to get that level setted? And I have one quick follow-up on glaucoma.

Well, I think, look, the sustainability of prices is a good question and it will depend a lot on the consumer and what happens in the market. As of the last couple of years, much of it, well, I would say a significant part of the growth, let's say a third of the growth was coming from price in the market. And that's not different than the historical number. It's largely been mix and price, mix to dailies and then some price. But price used to be kind of 1% to 2% and probably more recently it's been 2% to 3% as part of that 6% kind of average growth, if I was kind of giving you a very broad strokes across the last several years. I think we'll see, as what we're really concerned about is not pricing out the consumer from trading up to dailies, because that's really where our principal interest is. From there, I think manufacturing, we're kind of unconstrained right now. We feel very good about our manufacturing capacity. We have plenty of room to make as much as we need. And if others are having a little bit of trouble making product, again that's I'm sure a short term problem for them, but we will certainly supply in an unconstrained fashion for the indefinite future.

And quickly on glaucoma. Just thoughts on drug device combination solutions, you have a competitor out there with Glaukos eye dose. Just your thoughts on that category and does Alcon have to be there? Thanks.

Well, we'll see how reimbursement plays out there. I think it's a great idea. I think the real question is whether or not reimbursement will come around it and be permanent in a way that is helpful to advancing that product. And again, we'll have to see at a practical level whether people want to go back in and replace these things over I think going over this two or three years. But I'm sure those guys are smart guys, they'll figure it out. So we'll see over time, there are a lot of good ideas in that space. So if they blaze a trail there, we'll certainly be interested.

Thank you. Our next question is from the line of David Saxon with Needham & Company. Please proceed with your question.

Great. Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. Maybe one for Tim. So operating margin should be down around one point in the first half. That implies a fairly meaningful ramp into the second half. So, outside of higher cost inventory, what drives that ramp? And does that improvement continue into '25?

Yes, a great question. I mean the primary pressure point we're going to see in the first half is going to be that higher cost inventory that's bleeding through the P&L. So, you're absolutely right, that would carry forward. If you look at the second half run rate, as that sort of normalizes, we will have less gross margin pressure and we'll have all the benefit of that operating leverage. So, that should carry forward into the future years. And again, our whole financial thesis is around growing faster than the market. And when you do that and maintain your cost envelope, you should get nice operating leverage, and that's what we would expect to happen.

Okay, great. Thank you. And then my follow-up is in ocular health, you talked about pricing, but would love to hear how much pricing benefit you saw specifically in ocular health. Is that kind of the primary driver of the Vision Care op margin performance or are other factors driving that? And then in '24, where across the broader portfolio do you expect to take the most price? Thanks so much.

Yes. I mean, I think in terms of ocular health, I think it's probably fair to say about a third of the growth was price. I think you'll see a slightly less amount of that. I would suspect this year, I would think a little bit less than that, particularly in contact lenses, it's going to be achievable. But I would say, in terms of margin progression, it was broadly a number of things. Actually, a mix in ocular health helps us quite a little bit. Our eye drops are very profitable, and Systane is quite a big brand at this point. And when you think about Systane, it is a high margin eye drop that's over-the-counter that has really strong durability. So we expect that product to continue to contribute to ocular health and margins going forward. Then you layer on manufacturing productivity gains, of which there were significant amounts of that last year. And then the price, that obviously contributed to what was, I think, quite a substantial sector performance for us on a segment basis. So that was really part of the margin story there. And I think directionally, for next year, we see kind of similar, but probably not quite as strong of a price move.

Great. Thank you.

Our next question is from the line of Larry Biegelsen with Wells Fargo. Please proceed with your question.

Good morning. Thanks for taking the question. One for Tim on 2025, one for David on AR-15512. Tim, can you just confirm that the 1% of margin pressure, you meant it's going to be down 100 basis points year-over-year in the first half? And that was my -- that's what I thought the person on the prior question asked. I wasn't sure if it was 100 basis points lower or 100 basis -- versus second half or down 100 basis points year-over-year? Sorry for that. And then for my question, just confirm you're still confident in your long-term margin goal for 2025 of the op margin guidance approaching mid-20s, or at the time I think it was 23% to 24%, and can growth accelerate next year with the launches of UNITY and AR-15512?

Yes, Larry, good clarification. The 100 basis points in the first half is down year-over-year. So, that's how you should read that. And again, once that inventory, it's kind of what I would consider a one-time phenomenon. Once that flows through the P&L, the gross margins will begin -- continue to improve. As far as the Capital Markets Day, listen, we gave Capital Markets Day in March of last year. We gave you some guidelines for 2027. We feel very comfortable with that. If you're referring to the 2021 Capital Markets Day and that approaching mid-20s that we talked about, I think we said approaching mid-20s in 2025. If you take the midpoint of this guide and you translate it back at those foreign exchange rates, we actually beat it by a year. But obviously, we report in U.S. dollars, but -- so that's more of a theoretical sort of credibility type of question. But yes, if you were to translate it, we would be a year ahead on that one.

And Larry, on UNITY and 512, the really -- the real financial impact, I would say, for UNITY will be 2025, and I would think 2026 for 512, because just remember, we're going to get an approval this year. We're going to spend a good bit of time with a limited launch, making sure that that thing runs as pristinely as our current equipment does. And then we'll release it to -- for broad revenue growth. I think that's what's going to happen to UNITY. That'll happen probably late this year for full release and then you really see revenue next year. And then on the 512, we won't even submit till middle of the year on 512. So then you'll have a year of submission. And so, by the time we get access by the end of '25, you're really talking about a '26 impact. So that's the way to think about when those kind of play out. But I think the reason we point these out right now is because we're very confident in the pipeline and we feel really good about our ability to kind of grow steadily over a broad portfolio of stuff.

That's helpful. And David, just one follow-up on 15512. What was the symptom you showed a benefit on in the Phase 3 trials? And can you talk about tolerability? What we've heard is when you look at the Phase 2 paper, there was a rate -- there was burning or stinging about 40% of the time. How do you think that impacts adoption? Thank you.

Yes. We'll see over time. But, I mean, like almost every eye drop in this space, there is some burning and stinging. The discontinuation rate, I think, was inconsequential, like 1% or 2%. So I don't think we read that as a major problem. But what I would say is that directionally, the primary endpoint was a non-anesthetized Schirmer strip of 10 millimeters or more, and we did very, very well on that, very significant; and that was day one and consistent at day 90. So very important in terms of onset and very important in terms of its ability to create through this trip M8 mechanism, natural tears. So not supplementing tears, but rather stimulating natural tear production. And if that's true, as we kind of work our way through all these data, that's a very exciting thing because this is, I think kind of a very different idea than trying to help the body by supplementing it. This is actually working with the body to kind of create more tears. So we're excited about the mechanism.

Thank you.

Our next question is from the line of Brett Fishbin with KeyBanc Capital Markets. Please proceed with your question.

Hey guys. Thanks so much for taking the questions. Just wanted to start off with a quick follow-up on the revenue growth guidance. Understand Vision Care definitely looks positioned to lead the way in terms of growth for 2024. But just curious on how you see the overall Surgical segment progressing in context of the expected step-down in equipment? And if you think the rest of the segment can kind of like be an offset and have the broader segments trend toward the low end of the overall constant currency range.

Yes. Look, I mean, clearly, Surgical will lag Vision Care next year by a little bit, but not a ton. I mean, it's in a pretty good place with consumables, right? And remember, maybe one of the underappreciated stories is how strong our consumables business is. It's half of our revenue in Surgical and it's been growing really, really well. So, one of the surprises for us in equipment this year, for example, was our share growth. We expected, I think in many ways, to face more competitive pressure than we have. We've actually gained share in our equipment footprint, both internationally and in the U.S. And in addition to that, we've added equipment in. So ARGOS has done very well. Our microscopes have done well. Our refractive equipment has done well and we've really done -- across the board, we've had a really exciting year for equipment. Now that makes it tough to grow on a comparable basis, but it creates a bunch of consumables for us to grow. So if half of our business can grow nicely with the consumables business, we're going to be in a pretty good place. And again, I think implantables, we should expect to grow with or ahead of the market. So, directionally, we expect, as we've said, the equipment to be relatively flat to year-on-year, principally because of the compare, but also because we're going to stall the market a little bit with. It's like when you see the new car model from whatever your favorite brand is, a lot of people will wait six months a year to get it before they buy a new one. So, we expect some of that to happen.

All right, makes a ton of sense. And then just one quick follow-up for me. I think the operating margin guidance looks like it's implying about 80 basis points of year-over-year expansion at the midpoint, and definitely appreciate the first half gross margin commentary. But just curious, on a full-year basis, if you think gross margins can generally trend in line with the previous year or if you're looking at that more as a full-year offset to the operating margin expansion? And thanks for taking the questions.

Yes, I would expect that we'll continue to get gross margin improvement in the second half of the year as we pass through that inventory. So, I would think about gross margins being relatively in line with what we saw last year. And then, you obviously see continued operating leverage throughout the year and that's what's driving the margin rate improvement for this year.

Our next question is from the line of Tom Stephan with Stifel. Please proceed with your question.

Great. Hey guys. Thanks for taking the questions. Maybe first one on the IOL business in China. David, can you level set us may be on the 2023 base? And then just talk about the assumptions of the outlook for your China IOL sales in 2024, particularly, I guess, as we think about VBP this year? And then I have a follow-up.

Yes, Tom, let me try give you some kind of directional help with that one. China now is the second largest country for ATIOLs in the world. It's about half of the size of the United States in terms of volume, and I'll just read that as units. We have a single-digit share in that market, which is very unusual. So most markets around the world, we probably in ATIOLs have somewhere between 30% and 80%. So pick a share number you like and then kind of have the U.S. market and apply whatever you think the trajectory ought to be. That's probably the best way to model it. We try not to give individual products and country guidance, but I recognize it's an interesting topic, and we've been thinking about how to explain it. That's probably the best we can do with that one. But I do think that going forward, it'll be back half loaded this year and then kind of full-year loaded the following year. So, as you probably know, the award signs up in this -- really this next quarter, the second quarter. So we should have most of it done by kind of April, May, maybe a little into June, and then start to selling in principally in the back half. So, that's kind of the pattern.

Got it. That's helpful. And then my follow-up is just on Hydrus. I guess directionally David, can you discuss a bit how that product performed in 2023 and again directional expectations for 2024? Thanks.

Yes, look I mean, we were pleased with Hydrus, especially given all the noise around the reimbursement challenges. So the reimbursement hiccups with some of the other products caused some stalling, I think in the market soft -- this market was a little bit softer than normal than we would have expected. But we grew nicely with Hydrus, continue to grow nicely with Hydrus and expect to kind of grow share in that market. We did grow share in '23, and we will continue to do that in '24 against that MIGS market, the MIGS market didn't grow as fast as we would have expected. But overall, we did quite well. I think what you're seeing right now with Hydrus is a lot of people have come to an understanding of, if you're going to do a stent, this one has some of the most compelling data for efficacy of anything out there. So I think we feel like people have come to the understanding that this is glaucoma and you want to treat this, you want to get ahead of it. Hydrus is your best chance to do that. And so that with the medication reduction over the time, time horizon has been really a positive impact on folks. So that's probably where we are now. I think directionally in '24, we see the same thing kind of a very positive ahead of market growth performance.

That's great. Thanks again.

Our next question is from the line of Issie Kirby with Redburn Partners. Please proceed with your questions.

Hi, thanks for taking my question everyone. I just wanted to touch on some of the market dynamics there. I noticed within your guide you see market sort of growing in line with historic levels, but I think the '23 you were talking to market sort of at or above. Is there anything you're seeing within your underlying markets, particularly in surgical that influenced this? And then related, would love to hear about some of the dynamics you're seeing in cataract surgery in the U.S. perhaps any color you could give us on the volumes in the fourth quarter and for '24? And then I have a follow-up on China.

Yes, look markets -- mid-single-digits is probably was high for '24 or '23 because of the compare. So you had China wrapping around, you had some other of the Asian markets that were wrapping around. So you should have -- we should have expected to see a better than historical rate in '23 and we did. I think going forward, we see that really normalizing and typically the U.S. market is 2% to 3% growth internationally, it's kind of that 4%, maybe 5%. And so between those two, you get kind of that, I would say kind of 3% to 4% is the cataract market. So that's really what we've been talking about. Now I'm not sure you were interested in the vision care market, but I'll throw it in. The vision care market, again we see kind of growing in that mid-single-digits, which is really the historical rate. That's pretty much what it grew a little faster than that. But I think principally because price was a little bit more aggressive in this year than in prior years. So that's kind of where we see the market. And I would just characterize that as very normalized growth and what we should expect. In the cataract, the U.S. dynamic was again very normal for us. We look at our consumables as the proxy for what's going on in the market. We grew nicely in consumables. We know what the unit growth in the U.S. was, and that's a pretty good proxy given our share of what happened in the U.S. And so we kind of know that it was in that 2% to 3%. And that's as we said, it's kind of the low-single-digits was a pretty reasonable number in the fourth quarter.

Okay. No, that's helpful. Thank you. And then just on China, I'd love to hear your thoughts on why you decided sort of participate and lean into the VBP this time around. What has changed in that market to make you interested in participating?

Well, I mean at the core of it, it's the volume. At the time that we -- if we go back several years when we decided not to do it, there were two reasons for it. One is we had a very strong position in the private market and we were unclear on whether the public market was ever going to get into AT-IOLs. And that has obviously changed our view quite substantially, as about a third of that market is now in the public sector. And so that plus what has happened historically is when you go into VBP the first time, you get a very good price. The second round is a very substantial cut. And so I think on a year-on-year basis, it's very difficult to absorb that. Most everybody else who've seen these things, I think advised us around that. So our calculus was we get through it on the private market and then evaluate it the second round. That's exactly what we did. And I think in this way, our prices are better than our floor prices around the world. So pretty good pricing, not great pricing, but very European I would say based pricing. So from our perspective, we see a lot more reasonable growth with a lot of volume And this is a very big market now. So a lot of things have changed since our original decision not to participate. And we're very pleased with the reception, I think to Vivity and PanOptix. I think the Chinese have a very high interest in what the best products in the world look like.

Great, that's helpful. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Jeff Johnson with Baird. Please proceed with your questions.

Thank you. Good morning, guys. Maybe one question on cataract and one on contact lenses. So David, you were talking about UNITY launching maybe later this year and really scaling throughout 2025. Have you talked yet about what kind of price premium you'd expect to get maybe on the system itself, but more importantly on the consumables that will go with UNITY?

We haven't really yet, Jeff. But I think you're right to assume that there'll be a premium. I think what we believe is that this, the whole premise really of the UNITY VCS system is that you're getting two units in one. So you don't have to buy a Constellation and a Centurion, you get both of them only really better versions of a rep machine and a cataract machine in a single unit, which on a capital basis should save you some money on a footprint basis, saves you space. And importantly, on a procedural time basis, we believe it will be more efficient. So what we're looking to do is establish that principle and then share that value back with the surgeons and the ASCs that buy this equipment. So our consumable will be a little bit more expensive and we'll ask for some of that value. But if you can do more surgeries in a day, you're going to make more as an ASC and you should be willing to share that back with us. And so I think that's directionally how we see this thing playing out, which is a reasonably premium equipment capital, but really importantly, a nice steady consumable over a long stretch of time. Remember, this is typically a 10 year cycle. So we can get our consumables really launched at a premium and we feel really good about that.

All right. That's helpful. And then just on the contact lens side, should we think about anything gating this year in the contact lens business? It feels like we're picking up some signals you may be looking to take DACP off the market in the U.S. And kind of force that up conversion to P1. I think when you did that with Focus a few quarters ago, we haven't seen it in the numbers. Focus though an older smaller product line. DACP priced, I think relatively close to P1. So as you Force some of that up conversion, but maybe lose some fits to competitors out of DACP, anything we should just think about over the next few quarters, is that just kind of noise at least at our level looking into your company? Thanks.

Yes, look I mean I think our contact lens business right now is going on all cylinders. We're doing really, really well. I would say and particularly, our Toric lenses have gained a ton of share. And I think that's the design. Honestly, I think our designs are very stable, they're easy to fit and they settle quickly and that is a really exciting phenomenon to see. As we look at the new portfolio in the U.S, PRECISION1 has been so successful, I think that we are not going to sample DACP anymore, but we are not taking it off the market. So it will be available to anybody who is wearing it, but really there isn't a ton of new starts on our DACP product in the U.S. And so we are going to decrease the sampling on that. That's really maybe what you are picking up. So again, our fit sets, we aren't really deploying any new ones, so that we can concentrate really on PRECISION1 as our kind of mainstream product. And then obviously, DAILIES TOTAL1 is our premium brand. And then obviously, we have total 30, which we're excited about for reusable and before too long, we'll be talking about P7 as the next alternative into that kind of, I would say cost sensitive market, but still wanting a replaceable lens at a little more frequent interval. So we've got a lot of choices in new products. And it's just kind of natural for us to phase out some of our resourcing on some of the older products. And again, those will be available, but they may not be promoted.

All right. Helpful. Thank you.

Our next question is from the line of David Adlington with JPMorgan. Please proceed with your question.

Hey, guys. Thanks for the question. First one on Surgical and on China again, I'm afraid. I just wondered of that 6% to 8% growth guidance, I just wondered if you could give us some sort of idea in terms of what sort of tailwind you're seeing from China BBB on that. And in addition to that, just wondered if those sales are likely to be accretive or dilutive to your margins? And the second one, just on equipment. You've pointed towards flat for the year, but also the new launch being H2 weighted. Do you think there's a quarter by the first quarter, second quarter possibly where we could see equipment sales down year-on-year? Thanks.

I was trying to get most of that. I'm not sure I got all of it. So let me make an attempt at it and then please jump in here and correct me if I didn't get the question right. On China, I wouldn't try to put a lot into the six to eight per se for next year. I think directionally, we've kind of given you some help on how to size it, but we really don't know what the rate of pickup is going to be. We'll have a better sense by the end of the year, what it looks like for '25 and maybe we'll be able to guide a little better the following year for '25 when we get a full-year impact. I would say it is accretive, obviously, because it's AT-IOLs and that's a high margin, that's one of our highest margin products. So whatever that revenue is, it's very, very positive on a margin basis. And relative I'm not sure what the other part of that question was. Did I get that question right?

An equipment.

Yes, I mean the equipment directionally really isn't going to impact anything until '25. So I think in the rest of this year, I mean, you think you should expect a pretty steady year-over-year relatively flat. It could be up, it could be down a little bit, but I would think about the year as relatively flat on the equipment front. We could be surprised and I've been surprised before, we called it a little bit soft this year, we were wrong. But we've been a little bit surprised that how successful we've been taking share. I think as we introduce our own upgrade, we're likely to see some stalling of equipment. So that's kind of the theory that we have right now for why we should see most of the year relatively stable in equipment.

That's great. Thanks very much.

Thank you. Our final question is from the line of [indiscernible] with HSBC. Please proceed with your question.

Hi, thanks for squeezing me in and congrats on the results. And one question on China and one on the mix, please. In China, VBP as we understand, there'll be a monofocal and that's part of it. I would believe that you're more on the advanced part, but exactly which category do you think you would be taking a larger share? And would you then down the line consider any production onshore? And my second question relates to the mix. You had quite high equipment sales that came above estimates. And with UNITY, it will probably come higher. Will this have downward impact, downward weight on the margins on the surgical side?

So on China, on the VBP, we won all but the monofocal business. So I think there were eight categories. I think we've got seven of the eight and where we were there in the primary position. But they're all advanced technology lenses, it's Toric's, it's Multifocals, it's Bifocals, it's extended depth of focus lens. So those are all our highest margin products. And so, yes that will that's a positive. We are not looking at production at this moment. We're not looking at production in China. We have very strong production facilities in the U.S. and in Ireland for our AT-IOLs. And the scale that we have there is really important in terms of keeping our costs down. In terms of mix, the equipment will always have a downward mix for us, because it is lower margin relative to the rest of our lines. But I wouldn't expect that to really hit this year. It would really be a 2025 impact to the extent that we convert to selling the new equipment. But the new equipment itself is not lower margin than our old equipment. It's just a matter of what the total equipment mix to the rest of our businesses. So keep that in mind. Our new equipment will be above the same margin as our old equipment.

Perfect. Thanks very much.

Thank you. At this time, we've reached the end of the question-and-answer session. And I'll turn the call over to Dan Cravens for closing remarks.

Thanks everybody for joining us this morning. If you have any other questions from the analyst community, certainly reach out to Allen Trang and myself or reach out to our Comm people for media. Thanks again for joining. Thanks.

Thank you. This will conclude today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.