Good day, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to Altimmune First Quarter 2025 Financial Results Conference Call. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this call is being recorded. I’ll now introduce your host for today's conference call, Lee Roth, President of Burns McClellan, Investor Relations Advisors to Altimmune. Lee, you may begin.

Thanks Gigi. Good morning everyone. Once again thank you all for joining us for Altimmune’s first quarter 2025 financial results and business update conference call. On today’s call you will hear from Dr. Vipin Garg, our Chief Executive Officer; Dr. Scott Harris, our Chief Medical Officer; and Greg Weaver, our Chief Financial Officer. Dr. Scot Roberts, our Chief Scientific Officer and Ray Jordt, our Chief Business Officer will join us for the Q&A session. Our first quarter 2025 results and corporate update press release was issued earlier this morning and can be found on the Investor Relations section of the Altimmune website. Before we begin, I’d like to remind everyone that remarks made about future expectations, plans and prospects constitute forward-looking statements for purposes of the Safe Harbor provisions under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Altimmune cautions that these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated. For a full review of the risk factors that could affect the company’s future results and operations, we refer you to the company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. I’d also direct you to read the forward-looking statement disclaimer in our press release issued this morning, which is now available on the website. Any statements made on this conference call speak only as of today’s date, May 13, 2025, and the company does not undertake any obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that may occur on or after today. As a reminder, this call is being recorded and will be available for audio replay on the Altimmune website. With that, it's now my pleasure to turn the call over to Dr. Vipin Garg, President and Chief Executive Officer of Altimmune. Vipin?

Thank you, Lee. Good morning everyone and thank you for joining us today for our first quarter financial results and corporate update. As you can imagine, we are very excited about the upcoming readout of our IMPACT Phase 2b NASH trial, which we expect to announce this quarter. Based on the class leading liver fat reduction of pemvidutide and the use of biopsy rereads to minimize placebo response, we are confident of achieving the trial’s key efficacy and safety objectives. If successful, pemvidutide would become the only incretin to achieve statistical significance on NASH endpoints at only 24 weeks of treatment. Furthermore, it will be the first therapy of any kind to combine these effects with clinically meaningful weight loss at this early time point. If approved, we believe that pemvidutide could provide a complete solution for the treatment of NASH. We announced today that we have entered into a credit facility with Hercules Capital for up to $100 million. This is strategically important as we build upon our balance sheet strength and provide flexibility to support our continued development of pemvidutide. Greg will speak further on our financing later on the call. Our recent R&D day event marked an important milestone in pursuing our vision of pemvidutide becoming the treatment of choice in liver and cardiometabolic diseases. We unveiled our plans for Phase 2 trials in alcohol use disorder, or AUD, and alcohol liver disease, or ALD. Both AUD and ALD are areas of significant unmet medical need with limited treatment options. Pemvidutide has the potential to disrupt the treatment paradigm in both these conditions if we are able to demonstrate a reduction in alcohol consumption in combination with an amelioration [ph] of fat reduced induced liver inflammation and fibrosis. This profile of clinical benefits was enthusiastically received by various physician groups and patients, which adds to our conviction for developing pemvidutide in these indications. The expansion into these indications demonstrates our commitment to establish pemvidutide as a potential foundational treatment across multiple fibrotic liver diseases and their primary causes. With that, I will now turn the call over to Dr. Scott Harris, our Chief Medical Officer, to provide a clinical development update. Scott?

Thank you, Vipin. We are approaching an important milestone in our MASH program. The top line data from the IMPACT Phase 2b trial, which are expected in the second quarter. We are pleased to report that the trial enrolled a total of 212 participants with biopsy confirmed F2/F3 MASH, which increased the study power over the original target. As a reminder, the dual primary endpoints are MASH resolution or fibrosis improvement at 24 weeks. We also plan to provide data on key secondary endpoints, including weight loss, non-invasive tests of fibrosis, such as FibroScan and ELF, liver fat reduction, and serum lipids. We also look forward to reporting an adverse event profile that confirms the safety and tolerability of pemvidutide. As Vipin mentioned, if successful, pemvidutide would become the only incretin to achieve statistical significance on MASH endpoints at only 24 weeks of treatment. Further, it will be the first therapy of any kind to combine these effects with clinically meaningful weight loss at this early time point. While the top line efficacy data readout will be at 24 weeks of treatment, we are continuing to treat patients for a total of 48 weeks. This will allow us to estimate the effect of pemvidutide or MASH biopsy endpoints using non-invasive tests and determine the additional weight loss achieved by these patients at this time point. We are now on the final stages of rereading the biopsies. The baseline patient demographics and characteristics, including age, sex, body weight, BMI, diabetes status, ratio of F2 to F3, liver fat content, non-invasive measures of fibrosis, and liver function are consistent with our expectations and closely approximate other studies in MASH. To maximize the integrity and robustness of our histology readout, both baseline and end of treatment biopsies for all subjects are being reread…

Thank you, Scott, and good morning, everyone. Let me begin with adding some color around our cash position, our recent use of the ATM and today’s announcement of the credit facility with Hercules Capital. I am quite happy with the progress we have made over the recent months in building the cash runway required to support the pemvidutide clinical development program in MASH, ALD, and AUD. I am confident that the cash position we construct will support the needs of the pemvidutide program over time. Briefly about the ATM facility. This is one of several financing tools available to us. We have raised $35 million net off the facility in the first quarter of 2025, an additional $16 million since April 1. The $100 million credit facility announced this morning is another important piece of the financing strategy and Hercules is a high quality partner. The facility provides tranche funding that is optional, flexible and significantly extends our cash runway. There's a $15 million funding at closing up front and an additional $25 million available in 2025 subject to milestones that align with our business plans. The remaining $60 million on the facility is available beginning in 2026 and subject to milestones and conditions. Terms of the facility include interest only for 24 months, which can be extended up to 42 months. The duration of the facility is 48 months. Terms are at market rates and no warrants are included in the facility. We view Hercules as a long-term partner with the ability to grow alongside us as we continue to advance pemvidutide. Now to briefly comment on the Q1 financial results, we ended the first quarter of 2025 with $150 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as compared to 132 million at year-end 2024. The increase in our cash balance is related to equity sales off the ATM facility totaling the $35 million during the first quarter. R&D expenses were $15.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $21.5 million same period of 2024. R&D expenses in the first quarter included $9.2 million of direct costs related to the development of pemvidutide specifically to upfront CRO costs for the IMPACT trial. G&A expenses were $6 million for the quarter ended March 31 2025 compared to $5.3 million in the same period of 2024. The increase was primarily related to a $500,000 increase in non-cash.com and other labor related expense. Net loss for the first quarter of 2025 was $19.6 million $0.26 a share compared to a net loss of $24.4 million or $0.34 a share for the first quarter of the prior year 2024. With that, I'll now turn the call back to Vipin for closing remarks. Vipin?

Thank you, Greg. We are entering a truly exciting time for Altimmune with the upcoming MASH data and the initiation of our AUD and ALD phase 2 trials. We expect 2025 to be a transformative year for the company. This concludes our formal remarks and we would now like to open the line to take questions. Operator?

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Yasmeen Rahimi from Piper Sandler.

Good morning team. Thank you so much for all the great updates and very much looking forward to the IMPACT study reading out here in 2Q. Two questions. The first one is Scott, you mentioned that you guys are analyzing the baseline biopsies again. Have you had a chance to maybe provide some commentary around what the distribution F2 and F3 are and sort of how representative this Phase 2b population baseline characteristics are versus maybe some of the other Phase 2b successful Phase 2bs that we have seen? That's question one. Question two is directed to Vipin. I think speaking with investors we always find that they are excited about pemvidutide but may need help to think about post impact. What is the ideal population within MASH obese that would be ideal for pemvee? If you could provide color there that would be really helpful. And then the third one is obviously upon positive data from the IMPACT study you do have the opportunity to think about partnering this asset if you could provide also Vipin and team some commentary around how you're thinking about partnership opportunities. So appreciate if you could tackle these three part questions and I'll jump back in the queue.

Absolutely. Thanks for your questions. Yes Scott, you want to take the first question?

Yes, well, yes, we're in the absolute final stages of rereading the biopsies and what we're going to present are the demographics of that final qualifying population. So based on that we can't give you precise numbers. We would say in confidence. If you look at the other studies in terms of the age of the patients, the average proportion of women, the F2, F3 distribution, the distribution of diabetics, the fibrous skin scores, the Elf, the liver fat at baseline, the ALT levels, if you look at what we're seeing in the population that will be evaluated as that data comes to us, it looks very, very similar to other studies. So I think that investors can look at this and say that this will be very meaningful in terms of its comparability to other studies.

In terms of your question about the patient population? Yes. What we are doing is we're really leveraging the unique features of pemvidutide, which really combines, which combines direct effect in the liver with weight loss. So really the way we look at MASH is it's MASH with obesity. As you know, 80% of the patients, 80% to 90% of patients with the MASH have obesity. So we're treating both the root cause of MASH, which is obesity, as well as the serious condition that results from obesity, which is liver fibrosis. So by combining these two effects, we're really bringing these two features to the table and really we believe that's added value proposition for MASH and even the other indication that we are pursuing. So everything we are doing has a common element here where we are looking at obesity as this important secondary endpoint. So we think that really gives us an advantage in terms of identify the patient population that would be most benefited from pemvidutide. With regards to your second question, as far as partnering is concerned, as we have stated, our goal is to move forward into phase 3 development of pemvidutide as quickly as possible. We are putting all of the pieces in place to make that happen. Along the way we are open to discussions and if a compelling partnership comes together, we'll certainly look at it. But that's not going to be the gating factor in terms of our ability to move forward, forward with Phase 3 in MASH as well as in AUD and ALD.

Thank you so much.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Liisa Bayko from Evercore.

Hi there. Thanks for taking the questions and congratulations on the progress. Can you talk a little bit about, what you're seeing in the study in terms of discontinuations, how you're handling the discontinuations in terms of the data, and how should we think about any loss from the rereads and things like that? Curious. Thanks.

Yes. Liisa, let me answer that question. I can't give you absolute numbers and study discontinuations, but what I can say is looking across the trial, the discontinuations that we're seeing and also those due to adverse events, we're very, very happy with the data that we're seeing so far. The trial has been going very well, especially with regards to discontinuations. Obviously we'll have that data at the time of the readout. The discontinuations are handled in different ways in trials. As you know, some compounds have looked at completer analyses, others have done what's called the full intention to treat, where all discontinuations are treating as non-responders. And then there's the midway, which is an imputation method which has been used in other trials as well. Our goal is to have all that information available at the time of the readout. I can't give you finite information on the rereads at this point, but it's what we're seeing is in line with what we had projected for patients who qualify.

Okay, great. And then just one more question. I've been getting some questions on the importance of weight loss in this study because it really is obviously a MASH first study and weight loss is sort of secondary. So I guess how do you see the importance and how do we think about benchmarking weight loss in this study? I know you said to expect something like semaglutide, but what does that actually really mean? And I know this study will have a combination of patients with MASH diabetics. They won't be encouraged necessarily on lifestyle and other factors. So taking that all together, how should we think about how much weight loss to expect in a study like this? Thank you.

Yes, great question, Liisa. Weight loss is extremely important. If you look at the patient population up through F3, they ate predominantly of the comorbidities of obesity and the cardiovascular risk. And if you don't achieve meaningful weight loss in the treatment of mashed patients, you're really pigeonholing the product into a late F3, F4 type population to treat fibrosis. And the goal is to be holistic and treat all the patients from the least severe to the most severe and we think we have that in our product. As Vipin mentioned before in his comments, and I repeated that, first of all, we'll be the only incretin reading out of 24 weeks. And that will differentiate us from the other compound because speed is effectiveness and when you're treating people with F3, they may not have a lot of time before they get into F4 once again into F3 they start progressing very quickly, as little as two years. You really wonder if you want to have a slow acting drug, one that works indirectly by weight loss as being your factor. You need to have direct action within the liver and our ability to read out at 24 weeks is really going to differentiate us from the incretins because we'll have both the weight loss and the direct acting effects, and compared to the other compounds reading out at 24 weeks, particularly the FGF 21s will have meaningful weight loss. So we will be a complete solution for MASH. We think that with successful readout both in the MASH endpoints in the weight loss, we will be highly differentiated not only against the incretins, but all compounds. Now, regarding your question about the weight loss that we expect, as you know, in the semaglutide trial they had a…

Very helpful, thank you. And then just final question from me. As you think about phase 3 and I know you'll be pending, all this data meeting with FDA towards the end of the year is taking the higher dose into phase 3 consideration. And also I know you're really focused on kind of like how rapid the response is and how are you thinking about a potentially earlier six month endpoint? Thank you.

Well, those are great questions, Lisa. So we're strongly considering taking the 2.4 milligram dose into Phase 3. And it's not because we expect better MASH effects, it's that we expect to get better weight loss, reminding you that the 1.8 milligram dose that we have in this trial is not the optimal dose for achieving weight loss. Pertinent to your prior question, that has to be understood in looking at the data that we will get higher weight loss if we employ the 2.4 milligram dose in Phase 3 as we intend. Now, regarding the more rapid response, the FDA and their guidance does not provide a time course for these trials. One possibility here, as you mentioned, would be to do readouts at not only the end of a year, 48 weeks or 52 weeks, but also at six months. That's something we're strongly considering for two reasons. The first is that it would then also make put a stake in the ground for earlier, more rapid mash effects. But second, it would also allow us to read out the trial results six months earlier. So both of those elements, adding the 2.4 milligram dose and doing an earlier readout are something that's strongly being considered. We are writing that program as we speak. We are well ahead of our timeline for having an end of Phase 2 meeting with the FDA in the fourth quarter, and these are things that we will discuss with them and I think they'll be very open to that discussion.

Thank you so much for answering all my questions.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Roger Song from Jefferies.

Excellent. Thanks, team, for the update. And then taking our question, I have a couple questions related to the IMPACTS. The first one is understanding the trial is well overpowered for both endpoints, but just curious how you think about which endpoints are a bit harder to hit based on all the historical data. And then that's number one. Number two is your recent ESO data regarding this MASH resolution index, the translation to the MASH biopsy. So how you think about that index will correlate with the fibrosis improvement as well. Thank you.

Yes, Roger. Well, as you mentioned, the trial is extremely well powered and by enrolling additional patients, we've even added to the likelihood of trial success. Historically, the fibrosis improvement endpoint has been harder to hit than the MASH resolution endpoint. I think that's a well established effect. In our trial, we have dual endpoints, which mean that we can hit either MASH resolution or fibrosis improvement to be successful. But that being the case, we believe that we'll be successful in hitting both endpoints based on all the factors that were mentioned. In terms of what was presented at EASL that was a new index developed by Rohit Loomba at UCSD, who also developed the concept of a 30% decrease. Liver fat content was also associated with, with MASH resolution, and he's continued to evolve this to getting an index that's even more sensitive and specific than that. And this mash resolution index combines liver fat reduction, the change in ALT level and baseline AST level, and it has an area under the curve in an ROC analysis approaching 0.9, which is very, very predictive with high sensitivity and specificity. Based on that index, applying it to our original data, in the 1.8 milligram dose group, our highest dose group, over 90% of patients will be hitting MASH resolution. That's extremely important. What it comes down to, Roger, is basically this liver fat reduction continues to be the greatest driver of MASH resolution, of fibrosis improvement, shown consistently in all trials and pretty much accepted by experts as being the primary driving force for hitting MASH resolution and also fibrosis improvement. And we also have the highest liver fat content, the highest liver fat content reduction of any compound that's right now in active development for MASH. So based…

Excellent. Thank you. Thank you, Scott.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Annabel Samimy from Stifel.

Hi, thanks for taking my questions. I just want to follow on. The comments about the Phase 3 program. We all know that one of the issues that plagues mass development is the long development pathway. So if you're successful here in achieving the fibrosis response in six months and realize that you're going to design the phase 3 program with a 6-month program. But do you see any avenue to tighten the development timelines or will FDA be still sticking with its typical years long pathway? And how do you see this evolving over time, especially as we see additional movement on these biomarkers at the recent conferences? Do you see greater acceptance from the FDA from that? And I guess I have to ask a follow up question to that. Just generally speaking, how have your interactions with FDA changed with all the movement there? Anything to the positive or negative that you are seeing? Thanks.

Hey, thanks Annabel. Let me handle those questions. We believe we have the opportunity here to shorten that development path. For one, we could have a readout at six months. We may combine that, by the way, with having two readouts, one at six months and one at 12 months, in different patient populations so that patients only have to go through two biopsies, one at baseline and one at either six months or a separate group cohort in 12 months. Again, we have not made final decisions about that. I think Liisa in her prior comments was absolutely correct. There's an opportunity that has to be looked at, but again, we have to look at it with the FDA. So we can't make any firm announcements about that, only the fact that we're looking at that. We are very encouraged by the enrollment rate that we had in the IMPACT trial. We have been told it's the fastest enrolling trial today date. It shows that patients like the drug and that investigators enjoyed putting their patients in the trial. And one of the big motivating factors was the fact that people could lose weight, but they also liked the tolerability of the drug. We think that will play out in the final results of the trial, the tolerability and adverse events. So we think that combining a faster enrollment ramp, we could also accelerate the timeline. You are absolutely correct that there's a great deal of interest in biomarkers. I think that there's greater and greater acceptance over the course of time. It has to meet the FDA's legal standards. Ultimately FDA is a body governed by laws and regulations in terms of what they consider to be proof. There's every evidence that they want to move away from…

Hey Annabel. I just wanted to add one more point to the trial size and the efficiency of trial. One thing to keep in mind that we have a very large safety database on pemvidutide, unlike other MASH programs because of our database in obesity, as well as a very successful end of Phase 2 meeting we've already had with the FDA from a safety perspective, safety and tolerability perspective. So that should give us additional reason in terms of designing the trial for Phase 3 for MASH where we might be able to get more efficiency. In other words, we may not need as many patients exposed to drug because we already have a very sizable safety database.

Fantastic. Thank you.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Eliana Merle from UBS.

Hey this is Jasmine [ph] on for Eliana. Thanks so much for taking our question. So when you meet with the FDA for your end of Phase 2 after IMPACT, do you expect to discuss MASH F4 Cirrhosis with them at that time? And just what can you say about your latest plans and timelines there? And then second question. Can you just confirm for us your cash running Runway at the Hercules facility? And are there any specifics that you can share on what that Runway includes? Thanks.

Scott, do you want to take the first question?

Yes, Jasmine, I'll take the first question, then I'll hand it over to Greg for the second. So we are extremely interested in F4. We believe that we will be successful in F4. If you look at the populations of F4 that have enrolled in trials to date, it's been an early F4. Patients who are considered child A child by the child’s puturcot [ph] classification. These are people who have good liver synthetic function, so haven't developed the complications of cirrhosis and they also have high liver fat. So consequently, although they are technically F4, they're, they're behaving like they're F3. And we think we're going to be extremely successful in F3. And I think that forecast we're going to be extremely successful in F4. So yes, we have drawn out an F4 trial. Now, we can't give you details on that until we get confirmation with the agency, but to your question, we intend to discuss F4 with the FDA. I would imagine that we would have a fibrosis improvement improvement trial that we would use for accelerated approval in F4 as well as follow these people to outcome to full approval. So you're absolutely right. We're very interested. This is going to be a big part of our meeting and I think we are going to have a high probability of success in F4. I want to also remind everyone that our drug has both metabolic and direct effects on MASH. Right. So back to my original point and Liisa's point about the importance of weight loss. We will clearly be able to treat the metabolic abnormalities of F0, F1, F2 and even F3. But we have the direct effects that are going to be potent for F3 and F4. So unlike some other drugs that might be restricted to certain points in MASH development, say the FGF21s to F3, F4, the other incretins, F0, F1 and F2, we have the opportunity to treat all of MASH. In other words, we can be a complete solution for the disease, both F0. Well, from F0 to F4. Greg.

Thanks, Scott. And Jasmine, Good question. Let me add a little color around our Hercules facility that we announced this morning. And the effect on the Runway? Positive effect on our Runway. The facility is broken into four tranches. The first will be funded this week. Upon closing, we disclosed that as $15 million. The second tranche available later this year and then the balance across 2026. I'll break down the Runway answer in two steps. First on today's cash position gives us Runway in Q3 of 2026. And if you layer on top the optional draws, if we were to draw all of them, it could extend the Runway for as much as another year. Now that's more details to be disclosed in the 10Q to file later today.

Super helpful. Thanks so much.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Mayank Mamtani from B Riley.

Good morning, team. Thanks for taking your questions and congrats on the recent progress. Scott, I don't know if I heard from you. Could you comment on the range of placebo responses you are expecting on fibrosis and MASH resolution endpoints? As you mentioned, we've seen a relatively broad range in prior trials and if you're able to comment at all, sorry to push you here on the female to male ratio and what baseline weight is relative to your prior Phase 1b MASLD study, if you could maybe comment on that and then I have a follow up.

Mayank. I'm sorry, I didn't hear the second part of the question. I heard the first part about the range of placebo response. Could you repeat the second and then I'll...

Yes. Sorry, yes. The female to male ratio and then the baseline weight relative to your priority Phase 1b MASLD study. So both baseline demographics questions.

Yes, the first question is the range of placebo response has been wide in these trials. In the semaglutide Phase 2 trial it was 32%. And we've seen other readouts in 20%. We've even seen readouts in single digits. We think that the unifying factor here is how you handle the placebo response and in the trials that have reread their biopsies by scrambling them, we're seeing placebo responses for fibrosis improvement between about 7% and 13%. So we can't be absolute about what our placebo response is. We think that our trial is very well powered because we have a better treatment effect and a larger sample size than those trials that read out successfully. But we would hope that we would drive down the placebo response to those ranges. Regarding the baseline characteristics as I mentioned before, we are in the final stages of rereading the biopsies so the exact numbers are not available to us. But we think we're very close and rather than getting into numbers that we're just going to have to reannounce, which could be confusing to people, we think it's better to say that the range of females to males, things like the baseline weight, will be very similar not only to other trials in the space if you line them up and we've done that, but also as what our targets were. So I think you're going to be very happy when you see that. But until we have the final numbers, we're a little reluctant to put them out there because it could create confusion.

Understood, thank you. And with secondary endpoints you may include as part of your top line release next month and obviously want to understand which NIT should be focused on at this 24 week time point versus maybe the 48 week because the 48 week could be important as you also think about powering the long term outcomes trial as part of your end of Phase 2 FDA discussion. So if you could maybe segment that that would be helpful.

Right? I want to first start by saying that we don't believe that we need the 48 week data to meet with the FDA. There are sponsors that met with 24-week data. It will be helpful in the discussions and we can certainly add it in. But you're correct, those noninvasive tests are going to be extremely helpful for us to predict and model the changes in the liver biopsy results that would have occurred had we done the biopsy week 48. So the primary endpoints that we'll read out will be MASH resolution and fibrosis improvement by the FDA guideline definitions. The key secondary endpoints will be things such as weight loss, liver fat reduction, changes in noninvasive tests such as FibroScan and ELF. We'll also have liver fat reduction by MRI, PDFF and we'll have adverse events, discontinuations and study demographics. I believe that would be a comprehensive view of what we will have and probably we will also have a week 48 as well.

Understood. And lastly, could you touch on the impact you believe based on pemvi's mechanism would be on bone and muscle health and or muscle health. Thanks for taking a question.

Well, bone health is extremely important. You are seeing accelerated bone loss with other compounds. There was a recent readout at ASLD and was also published of a 5% bone mineral density loss versus placebo in cirrhotic patients. You have to also recognize that in a cirrhotic population placebos are losing bone density and it could be as much as 5% over the trial duration of 96 weeks based on what we know from other databases. So adding in the natural 5% with the 5% that you lose with FGF21s, that's significant, that's 10% and that has to be looked at very carefully. That's not something that we're seeing with pemvedutide. We're not seeing it with the FGF20 with the GLP1s. As you are aware, lean mass preservation is extremely important in this population. We know that in the semaglutide data where in two trials they lost approximately 40% of their body weight as lean mass. They had a four to seven fold higher rate of pelvic and hip fractures and this was seen as susceptible populations. That's the key that you see it in the elderly and you see it in postmenopausal women, which is not an insignificant number or proportion of the patients that are being treated with these drugs. So consequently these are extremely important features of drugs as you're saying here. Mayank, it's important not just to look at the MASH effects in the weight loss, but holistically at the whole patient. And we believe the fact that we have class leading effects in lean mass preservation, we lose only 21.9% of our body weight loss as lean mass over 48 weeks. Glucagon appears to preserve muscle and lean mass and that's going to be extremely important in all populations that are obese and overweight. Not just an obesity population but a MASH population with obesity as well.

Thank you. Look forward to the data update.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Jon Woolaben from Citizens.

Hi, this is Kathryn [ph] on for Jon. I have kind of a quick question about the speed that you expect liver fat as well as histologic change with the GLP glucagon agonist? Whether you expect any differentiation from some of the others that we've seen, I guess mainly cervidutide. Is there any reason to believe that pemvidutide should be faster? And also in terms of biomarkers, are there any that you expect to change from the 24-week readout to the 48-week readout in particular or is it more of you're expecting to see sustained improvements both at the later time point. Thank you.

Yes, great question, Kathryn. So speed is important. Speed first of all implies efficacy. The faster you work, the more efficacious you are, and speed is important. F3 patients, comparison to cirrhosis and complications within two years. We know that from the data. And the change in liver fat content predicts the histological change at 24-weeks. So, speed of liver fat content reduction, speed of histologic changes. Now the 76.4% is at 24 weeks. We also have very similar effects at 12 weeks. That data has been published in J Hepatology and in fact, in our own internal data, we're even seeing these effects as early as six weeks. So we believe that we not only have the most potent drug, but also the fastest acting drug. Now, regarding cervedutide, that molecule has a ratio of GLP-1 to glucagon of 8 to 1. We are 1 to 1. We have a much greater amount of glucagon in our molecule. And it's the glucagon that's driving the change in liver fat reduction. That's what it is. So we believe that what we're seeing at 24 weeks would not be achievable by a compound with lower glucagon content. We believe that it's contributing some to cervidutide, but if you look at their liver fat reduction, it's lower. It's in the range of 58% to 62%. So we believe that we have a molecule, more glucagon, more liver fat reduction, faster liver fat reduction, faster histological change, and that we are an agent that can read out at 24 weeks. In contrast to cervidutide, we don't think that they could do it. So we believe that we'll be differentiated against all of the prior incretins that have read out not only through tirzepatide and semaglutide, but also cerberdutide as well. So regarding your second question, we believe the biomarker response will grow between 24 week and 48 weeks. There's been a lot of talk in this conference call regarding nits and the fact they're becoming more and more reliable and predictive of what's going on. We saw a lot of attention being placed on the change in the FibroScan data and the cirrhotic cohorts and the Resmiteron trials. So biomarkers are getting there. They are there, in fact. And we think that what we see at 24 weeks and we'll report out on that will grow over 48 weeks. We think they will be all of them. They all move in tandem. ELF and FibroScan are felt to be at this point the best non-invasive tests. And in fact, there's even talk now of combining the two for prognosis, a combined score of ELF and FibroScan. We think we're going to have meaningful results in both and we think those results at 24 weeks will be even better at 48 weeks and will be an indicator of how we would have done at 48 weeks with a biopsy at that time point. And that will be in the fourth quarter of this year.

Thank you so much.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Andy Hsieh from William Blair.

Great. Thanks for taking our question. Just one quick one for us. We are just wondering about the overlap between clinical sites that you use for obesity and MASH compared to potential sites for AUD and ALD that you look to activate in the coming quarters. Thank you.

Hi Andy. Thanks for the question. There is some overlap. I don't have the data in front of me right now. I can't give you percentages. But the underlying unifying feature of all these patients is obesity and many sites specialize in this area as well as they would. Obesity and liver disease are MASH. So there's obviously going to be some overlap. But offhand I don't have those numbers in front of me right now. Yes. So the sites that we picked for AUD and ALD will also have some overlap with the MASH and obesity populations as well. But again, I don't have that number in front of me to provide for you on this call.

Thank you. At this time, I would now like to turn the conference back over to Vipin Garg for closing remarks.

Thank you everybody for joining our call today. As always, we appreciate your continued support and look forward to keeping you updated in the months ahead. Have a wonderful rest of your day.

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.