Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by and welcome to the Q3 2019 Armstrong World Industries Inc. Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speakers’ presentation there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] please be advised that today’s conference is being recorded. [Operator Instructions]I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Tom Waters, VP of Corporate Finance.

Thanks. Good morning and welcome. Please note that members of the media have been invited to listen to this call and the call is being broadcast live on our website at armstrongceilings.com. With me today are, Vic Grizzle, our CEO; and Brian MacNeal, our CFO.Hopefully, you have seen our press release this morning and both the release and the presentation Brian will reference during this call are posted on our website in the Investor Relations section.I advise you that during this call, we will be making forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual outcomes may differ materially from those expected or implied. For a more detailed discussion of the risks and uncertainties that may affect Armstrong World Industries, please review our SEC filings, including the 10-Q filed earlier this morning.Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements beyond what is required by applicable securities law. In addition, our discussion of operating performance will include non-GAAP financial measures within the meaning of SEC Regulation G. A reconciliation of these measures with the most directly comparable GAAP measures is included in the press release and in the appendix of this presentation. Both are available on our website.With that, I will turn the call over to Vic.

Thanks, Tom and good morning, everyone. It's good to be with you today to review our third quarter results, another strong quarter and a record EBITDA quarter for the company. Sales grew 6%, adjusted EBITDA improved 13% to $114 million and margins expanded 1250 basis points. Year-to-date, sales were up 8%, adjusted EBITDA is up 15% and margins have expanded 240 basis points. With these solid results, we remain confident in our full year adjusted EBITDA guidance and as we tighten the guidance range, we are slightly raising the midpoint.In a moment, Brian will walk you through the details of the results by segment, but I first want to touch on a few of the key takeaways.In the Mineral Fiber segment, average unit value, or AUV as we refer to it was up more than 2%, with both like-for-like pricing and mix improvements positively contributing in the quarter.As we previewed with you, price realization in the quarter continued to normalize from the higher increases we reported earlier in the year. It’s also worth noting that positive price and mix in the quarter was on top of the strongest price performance quarter of 2018.In the quarter, price increases once again outpaced input costs. On the mix side, we continue to see above market performance from our new product innovations Sustain, Total Acoustics and DESIGNFlex. Year-to-date, Mineral Fiber AUV is up 6% and we remain confident in once again delivering AUV growth in the 5% to 7% range for the full year, consistent with both our historical average and our guidance.Mineral Fiber volume was positive in the quarter and continues the favorable sequential quarterly tend we outlooked earlier in the year. Broadly speaking, commercial activity in the U.S. remains favorable with both bid activity and backlogs remaining positive despite a continuation of…

Thanks, Vic. Good morning to everyone on the call. Today, I’ll be reviewing our third quarter results, but before I begin, as a friendly reminder, I'll be referring to the slides available on our website and slide 3 details our basis of presentation.Beginning on Slide 4 for our third quarter results, sales of $277 million were up 6% from prior year. Adjusted EBITDA increased 13% and margins expanded 250 basis points. Adjusted diluted earnings per share of $1.38 grew 20% as profitability increased and we lowered our share count.With regard to taxes, our quarterly as reported tax rate of 15% was impacted by the $25 million gain we realized on the sale of our half of the WAVE International businesses. We’ve adjusted this gain from our adjusted EPS calculation resulting in a 19.7% quarterly tax rate. For the year, we are anticipating a rate of just below 25%.Adjusted free cash flow improved by $25 million or 34% over the prior year. Cash earnings improved significantly and offset higher CapEx and cash interest. Net debt is $58 million higher than last year driven by the acquisition of ACGI, share repurchase activity and the initiation of our regular quarterly dividend a year ago.In the quarter, we repurchased $33 million of stock. Since the inception of the repurchase program, we have bought back 8.7 million shares at a cost of $512 million for an average price of $58.94. Currently, we have over $188 million remaining on our share repurchase program which runs through October of 2020.Turning now to Slide 5, adjusted EBITDA increased $14 million as volume growth in the Architectural Specialties segment was coupled with AUV gains, strong manufacturing performance and a solid quarter from WAVE in our Mineral Fiber segment.Input cost inflation including natural gas and freight was slightly favorable for…

Thanks, Brian. As Brian mentioned, we have concluded the sale of our EMEA and Pacific Rim businesses to Knauf. This milestone completes our pivot to an America’s only ceilings and specialty walls business that we announced back in November of 2017. Beginning with that announcement, the Armstrong team has been transitioning our focus to maximizing the opportunity for profitable growth and free cash flow generation right here in this high quality Americas business.As we finalize closing adjustments and taxes, we now expect to realize approximately $209 million of cash from the transaction, up from the original $250 million we outlooked at the signing and our most recent projection of $280 million.I want to take this opportunity to thank our former colleagues for their hard work, their commitment to making the Armstrong brand the global leader in ceiling solutions and most importantly, for the positive attitude they brought with them each and every day throughout this process. We wish them all well.Now since our last quarterly release, there has been a lots of positive activity here at Armstrong. We delivered yet another quarter of double-digit adjusted EBITDA growth and strong free cash flow. We grew the Architectural Specialties segment by more than 20% again. We closed on the sale of our international businesses ultimately delivering the $290 million of cash to shareholders.We refinanced our credit agreement which will drive $8 million in annual interest savings. We repurchased $33 million of our stock. We announced a 14% increase in our quarterly dividend and we signed yet another Architectural Specialties acquisition.We are excited about our focus as an America’s ceiling and specialty wall company and the momentum this has created. There is no more competition for our time, our energy and our resources. We can focus all of them right here at home in the Americas. We expect to finish the year strong and deliver another year of double-digit EBITDA growth, strong cash flow generation and top-line momentum.Armstrong remains committed to being the standout leader in innovative products and digital solutions to provide the best possible experience for our customers and we are committed to making a difference in the spaces where people live, work, learn, heal and play.And with that, we’ll be happy to take your questions.

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Keith Hughes from SunTrust. Please go ahead.

Thank you. Just a question on the environment. We’ve seen few data points of non-residential construction specifically seeing some weak patches. Could you give us any sort of feel, have you seen any of this in your business, any projects being delayed, particularly given the revenues were lighter than expected in the quarter?

Yes, Keith, the volume softness really was outside the U.S. that we saw for the most part. I’ll tell you the third quarter market environment and the conversations that I’d be having in the field feel pretty much the same as we experienced this whole year and really the past seven or eight quarters.New construction and large remodel project continued to be favorable with bid activity as I mentioned in my prepared notes, in the backlogs. I was in the field several times this quarter and everybody I talk to, said the bid activity continues to be really good and that they are very happy with their backlogs going into the fourth quarter and even into next year.So, that part of the market feels about the same and I would say on the R&R side, which is less visible, Keith as you know, that kind of shows up through distribution, that continues to be lumpy as it has been for the last seven or eight quarters, certain protocols turning on and turning off and that being a little bit uneven and lumpy.And again, that’s kind of pretty much what we saw throughout the third quarter as well. With the exception of education as I mentioned, the education sector did have a better R&R activity than we’ve had in the prior year. So that was good to see.

Okay. Thanks. And final question, the margins in Metal Fiber were outstanding in the quarter. You talked about some of the productivity improvements. Is this the kind of situation that the changes in savings you made does have not lags over the next several quarters so we continue to see that margin live up?

Yes, I think it was a couple drivers, right, Keith, on the margin line. We continue to get favorable price mix with moderate inflation. So, I think that’s part of the help there. But our manufacturing and operating teams just had a fantastic, did a fantastic job on the productivity side.They continue to drive the productivity initiatives and then as I indicated, some of the early gains from these digital efforts that we are putting in place in our manufacturing operations is already yielding some dividends. I have said this before, I think that, we’ve got a long way to go with our lean manufacturing initiatives in terms of driving overall productivity.But now that we are adding digital components and getting smarter with the use of digital technology how to run the plants and keep them up and running, I think there’s a longer runway here for continued productivity gains as we go. And I am more confident in that than I have been in the past. So, I think there is a good long runway that we should count on some continued productivity improvements here.

Okay. Thank you.

Thanks, Keith.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Stephen Kim from Evercore ISI. Please go ahead.

Yes, thanks very much guys. Just wanted to follow-up on Keith’s question there. In the Q, I think you provided about $3 million, if I am not wrong, Brian, from what looks like manufacturing productivity. I was curious how much of that was tied to last year’s plant closure? And how much from some of these exciting digitalization initiatives that you got going on?

Brian, do you want to take the first part of that? And I’ll talk about the second.

Yes, so, Stephen, the three of that – the three was in Mineral Fiber and that’s being driven by two things. One, the digitalization effort we mentioned and two, really a good focus. Vic mentioned a few times, as we get focused on this Americas-only business and our team gets focus there, the teams at the plant are really executing well on some of the capital projects we’ve implemented there. So, no, no benefits from the carryover of the restructuring.

I see. Got it. That’s encouraging.

Vic, were you going to add something on that or.

I think he covered the second part of your question. Again, let me just qualify, I think the digital component of the overall productivity was obviously a smaller component, but it was material and worth calling out, because I believe it’s an indicator for what we can see going forward. But it was a smaller part of the overall productivity number.

Yes, that’s fine. All right. I wanted to just – from a housekeeping perspective make sure that we understood the impact of days. So, was there an extra shipping day in the quarter or not? And then, broadly on Project Works I am kind of interested in hearing a little bit more about that.One of the things that we’ve seen with building information modeling management, software I guess, I should say, is the issue of adoptions and the willingness of counterparties to get involved in the learning process that is required to use some of these programs.So I was curious as to, if there was anything about your rollout t that was going to be targeted, something that you think will enable you to have your clients adopt Project Works in a way that would be perhaps better than maybe somewhat of what we’ve seen in previous attempts from others?

Hey, Steve, this is Brian. I’ll take the shipping day. Yes, we did have one extra shipping day and as you look forward into Q4, there is no change in shipping days. So, one extra day in Q3.

Got it. Thank you.

Yes, Stephen, on the Project Works, we are really excited about this. Architects are demanding more and more 3D modeling and Revit models that will allow them - it's productivity for them right. If they can take a lot of our system in a 3D model, they can plug in kind of cut and paste if you will, it just raise productivity for them.So, that's really important for them to do that, especially around the details where grid and tiled interface. So, we’ve been working on this for some time. What Project Works is going to do though is on a single platform and so, again for all the stakeholders in the value chain to see is along the design journey, how things are changing.And so, it helps of the communication and of course, the lapse in time that happens over many days a lot of times and getting some of these things in these details worked out because, everybody can see them on the same platform. That's going to I think improve the use of more and building information models that you were referring to and the Revit Files in the upfront process for communication all the way through to the installer.So, again, we are – it’s a start. It’s on our design flex platform to begin with, which had some complication to it. So this is really going to decomplicate, if you will, that system. So we are excited about the beginning and it’s something for us to build on.

Great. Sounds good idea. Thanks guys.

Yes. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from John Lovallo from Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Hey guys. Thank you for taking my questions. The first one is, maybe just following up on Keith’s initial question about the potential for slowing commercial activity on the new construction side. It's encouraging that you're not seeing anything but what are some of the early signs that you'll be looking for that might indicate that things are softening a bit?

Yes, John. I’ll just reiterate. Again, we are not seeing a slowdown on that side and it's really hard to tease out new construction activity on a broad scale basis and large remodel projects. So you can appreciate that, they're both highly specified projects. So we are not really seeing a slowdown there and of course we get asked about this a lot and we are looking for it, but we haven’t seen it.So, I want to be very transparent about that. We would be looking for certainly in our conversations with our contractor customers as well as our distributor is what’s happening on the bid side. And if the bid activity starts to slow down, I think, that would be an early indication that we might be starting to see some of the lagging coming into the system. Again, reporting from our contractors and distributors so far, the bid activity remains robust

Okay. That's helpful. And then, as a follow-up, it sounded like your commentary on LATAM may have been a little bit more constructive this quarter than in the past and it sounded like you might even see some improvement in the fourth quarter. Am I reading that messaging correctly?

Yes, that’s right. I think we’ve seen from the first quarter, we’ve seen sequential improvement in LATAM and I know the teams have been working some other plans down there to accelerate the improvement. So, I expect that to continue to improve. I think you read that right.

Okay. Thanks guys.

Yes, thanks, John.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Michael Wood from Nomura Instinet. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning.

Good morning.

I just wanted to ask about the implied fourth quarter guidance with your full year numbers. If I am calculating correctly, the Mineral Fiber volume growth looks kind of in the flat to down high-single-digits range year-over-year. Just curious what some of the variables that would occur whether impacting if that would fall in the high or low end of the range?

Yes, Mike. It does – I think you may have misspoke, you said, flat to high-single-digits just to correct that for everybody. I think you meant flat to low-single-digit, right, down, just to be clear on that?

Yes, yes, yes.

Yes, okay. Just to be clear on that. And I think that's right. I think we expect in the fourth quarter a bit of a continuation of what we saw in the third quarter, which some improvement in some of the areas, like I was saying at LATAM in particular. But continued good AUV growth, good Architectural Specialties, I am expecting another near 20% growth quarter in Architectural Specialties.And, but overall, it’s going to be a strong double-digit EBITDA quarter for us. So, I think you can pretty much expect that depending on how much improvement we get in LATAM and the retail channels which have been the headwinds on volume, I think you’ve got the range about right for what we expect and that's part of the implied guidance in the fourth quarter.

And can you give us a little bit better bridge on the third quarter price number? I think last quarter you mentioned that you are expecting roughly equal contribution from price and mix to AUV. I think, based on your comments, the mix was the majority of the increase. So, can you talk about the breakdown there maybe, what LATAM and retail contributed?

Well, on the price mix, they were pretty close, little more mix than price in that bucket. And again, I think, we saw improvements and we are not breaking them out individually, Mike, but we saw improvements in both the retail and LATAM in the quarter just not the level that we expected when we were talking to you in July.

Great. Thank you.

You bet.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Kathryn Thompson from Thompson Research Group. Please go ahead.

Hi, thank you for taking my questions today. Just a quick follow-up on guidance. Always appreciate the preparedness in getting to the point with the outlook. But that said, could you just clarify the puts and takes on the tightened guidance more specifically, how much did lingering issues from the first half carry it to the second half impacting the outlook versus any other changes fundamentally, currently? Thank you.

Yes, Kathryn, the guidance you are referring to is on the revenue side as we adjust it to the low-end of our range and it’s really – excuse me – Mineral Fiber volume and the majority of that, the vast majority of that are the headwinds that we talked about from earlier in the year around Canada, LATAM and then the big box channel.Those continue to be the primary headwinds for us going into the second half of the year going into the fourth quarter. And I think that, that continues to be our issue. Again, the U.S. market overall continues to be as expected and again we are working through those issues and those other channels.

Okay. Thanks. And then, just, another follow-upon Mineral Fiber, understanding that second half had tougher OpEx related to pricing, just because two price increases last year for the first half benefiting from these efforts. Should we expect a similar type flow through for pricing that we saw in Q3 into Q4? Or is there anything else we should take into consideration looking forward?

Yes, I think your point is something important which is, what we had outlooked from the first half of this year, we would be comping our best price realization which happened in the second half of 2018. Third quarter was our best price realization quarter and fourth quarter was still very good.So, we will be comping a very good price quarter from last year, again, but not as good as the third quarter. So I would expect that the AUV fall through should be similar to slightly better than what you saw in the third quarter – in the fourth quarter.

Great. Thank you so much.

You are welcome.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Ken Zener from KeyBanc Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

Good morning, gentlemen.

Hey, Ken.could be specific or probably that you already said, which is...

Hey, Ken.

So, about this time last year, I asked if you guys could grow without getting tile units. You said, yes and you did it this year quite well which you showed up in your valuation. So, I guess, my question is, can you lay out a similar path for EBITDA dollar growth in FY 2020 as FY 2019.And Brian if you could be specific or repeat probably what you already said, which is that you saw no benefit, I think in the third quarter from last year’s plant closures or any one-time SG&A benefits, because I think that’s certainly one of the cases that the bears have made.Is that the leverage you got this in EBITDA was tied more to these one-time benefits rather than sustainable efforts? That's what the market is trying to figure out, if you can expand on that, please?

Do you want to go first? And then I’ll follow-up with the Mineral Fiber.

Yes, so, Ken, I mean, I think this quarter three is just another good example of the strong productivity in manufacturing. You’ll see on our earnings call deck that we've got over $3 million of productivity from the plants was over 5% as we mentioned in our prepared remarks.I can’t underemphasize the value of focus and what and what I mean by that is our plants, our teams there are prioritizing and really focus on running the plants well executing against our value-added capital expenditures there and then a little bit of help from the digital side. So, it’s sustainable.It’s very good productivity. Also in the quarter, you saw a nice benefit from WAVE as we manage price and the input cost of steel year-over-year there. So, WAVE was up 16% in the equity earnings that added another $3 million to the Mineral Fiber segment. So, I think these are sustainable items that aren't benefiting from last year’s restructuring, we are pretty well done with the benefits of those through the first two quarters.

And I think, Ken, to your point, we are demonstrating that in the absence of wherever the headwinds come from, whatever channel they come from, we are able to offset them with good AUV improvements, the mix up that’s going on from our renovation work and the productivity that Brian highlighted.So, I think there is definitely a track record there now that we can grow without Mineral Fiber volume growing. But with that said, the Mineral Fiber volume growth is important to us.And we have initiatives around driving Mineral Fiber volume and we do believe that we can drive Mineral Fiber volume. So, that’s going to continue to be something we focus on and work on. But in the absence, again, based on the portfolio mix of Mineral Fiber, we can demonstrate – we have demonstrated and we continue to demonstrate we can grow EBITDA through these other levers.

I do appreciate that that’s something people have been talking about. So, just a secondary question. I know you guys talked about 60 days of visibility and non new project-based demand. So, if you could just revisit, I understand the guidance now.Brian or Vic, what gave you confidence to stick with the implied second half unit gains when you guys reported the second quarter? And given that you had to revised down, would you perhaps do that again? Or what were the factors that were really driving that, because I think people anticipated this downward revision, but why didn't you guys kind of just do it that?

Well, because I think, we thought Canada was going to bounce back faster than it has. In fact, Canada hasn’t bounced back yet. So I think that was really the biggest miss in our outlook in where we sat in July. And then, LATAM, and the retail channel, we thought there was more lift there, based on again, what we were hearing from those markets that we thought that we would recover faster.Now we are recovering, but it’s just not at the rate that we thought and we certainly thought we could get the low-end of the range with a little bit of improvement in LATAM and in the big box channel, as well as Canada bouncing back. So, I think that’s where we came up short versus our expectations.

Thank you.

Thanks, Ken.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Phil Ng from Jefferies. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning guys.

Hey, Phil.

Appreciate your AS business tends to be little lumpier in nature and you are lapping obviously some really tough comps. But organic growth did decelerate quite a bit in the first half. So I am just trying to gauge is this more of a timing dynamic or growth has moderated?

No, no, I think this is timing, Phil. I mean, we – quarter-to-quarter, you can get some projects lumpiness, but I remain confident that we are going to grow that business more than 15% - the core part of that business 15% and then the acquisitions on top of that. So, we don’t really see these slowing. I love what I see in the backlog right now and not only for the fourth quarter but going into next year. So, no slowdown there.

Okay. That’s great. And then, just one more question on AS, I appreciate you are making investments and there is a integration component when you make these deals and no complaints my end, I mean, you’ve seen the growth. But margins had taken a step back this year.Do you expect some of those investments kind of level off when we think about 2020 and margins kind of tick back up or it’s going to be like a multi-year process?

Well, the core part of that business, Phil, the margins have expanded. What – the headwind you are seeing on the overall segment is the new acquisitions which come in at low margins. So, that’s kind of providing a drag in the headwind.But I am very pleased with how – even the new acquisitions in 2018, along with Tectum that I highlighted in my prepared remarks and the base business has expanded margins, that continue to get more and more productive. So, I am very pleased with how the margins are expanding in that business and these new acquisitions that we are riding on top, they worked their way out for our track record.

Got it. All right. Thanks a lot.

All right. Thanks, Phil.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Garik Shmois from Longbow Research. Please go ahead.

Thanks. So, the first question is just on Mineral Fiber pricing. Just wondering if you can comment on the August price increase, how much traction you think you’ve got. And just also, just to be clear on the pricing cadence, was that really just a function of the tougher comparison, or is there any change in underlying pricing?

Yes, no, I think, Garik, as we highlighted, we were coming into the base period where we had the highest price realization in last year’s cycle. Again, we had more inflation in 2018. So, we were aggressively driving more and more pricing in the marketplace to cover that inflation.And so, a bit of that is the base part as we had outlooked. There is no change in the pricing. We are continuing to run the play as we have always run. And there is lots of puts and takes with every price increase given the project nature of the business. But I would say, there is no change in that pricing environment.

Okay. And the August price increase was the level of traction consistent with prior August price increases.

It’s consistent with past price increases. That’s correct.

Thanks. And my follow-up actually is on inflation I think coming out in the second quarter, you had sought inflation to contract maybe around 2.5% to 3%. It was a little bit lower than we thought at the beginning of the year. Is that a still good number to use or are you seeing any changes on your inputs?

Hey, Garik, it’s Brian. So, yes, inflation is trending down as you’ll see that we had favorable input cost which includes raw materials, energy and freight. But we bring in the labor component of that and look at total cost of goods sold. We are still tracking price over inflation. But inflation is definitely coming in at the lower-end of our range.

Yes. Thank you.

Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Justin Speer from Zelman. Please go ahead.

Good morning. Thank you guys. Just first, looking at the volume drag from Home Depot or I guess the home centers in Canada in the third quarter. I know it’s something you mentioned in the first quarter and I thought it was getting remediated in the second quarter, but how much impact in your full year volume guidance at Mineral Fiber from those discrete headwinds and how bigger those businesses within your overall Mineral Fiber business?

Yes, we’ve outlooked that those – that part of our business is about 20% of our sales and about 30% of our volume. So, give you some relative size of that. What we had outlooked is that, those businesses would sequentially improve.They did in second quarter and then again in the third quarter, but just not at the rate at which we had expected. And so when you look at it in total of the Mineral Fiber volume drag, the majority – the vast majority of that drag has come from that part of the market – so, that part of our business. So, without breaking out I gave a very specific number. But you can take from this, the vast majority of the headwind to volume has been from those three.

Okay. Okay. And then, separately, just the implied organic growth into the fourth quarter for – and for the full year for Architectural Specialties segment, I want to look at that’s stripping out ACGI, Plasterform and FCI.And I think we are estimating roughly $36 million for the year plus or minus and year-to-date, I think you disclosed in your Q, it’s up $27 million. So, if we were to strip that out, what’s the organic growth profile that you are looking for, for the full year and for the fourth quarter?

Yes, I think, we are on our guidance for that part of the business growing greater than 15%. So, and I think you can expect a very similar performance in the fourth quarter.

Yes, but I think we have a little bit of a different definition because the year-to-date organic growth is trending below that. And so, I just wanted to make sure on an apples-to-apples, so we don’t overestimate for next quarter.But our apples-to-apples definition as you grew a little under 4% organically in the third quarter and you are up roughly, I don’t know if 7% year-to-date, if we were to look at it on that definition, stripping out that M&A that carried over that’s not organic from last year and then earlier this for M&A. What are you anticipating for that kind of organic growth definition for the fourth quarter?

So, Justin, the definition that we’ve guided to is our base business with the acquisitions already completed. So, that would have been Plasterform and Steel Ceilings in that base period. That’s what we have guided to in outlook and we are on track to deliver that number. So, if you look at the third quarter, there is no contribution from the inorganic activity in Plasterform is still soon. They were closed in the late second quarter.

Right. So, I think you communicated $9 million in your Q that was acquired revenue that’s not organic. And so I am just looking it from that standpoint, don’t want to beat a dead horse here, but I just want to make sure we are hearing it clearly in terms of the organic growth cadence you are expecting implied in the fourth quarter.

Yes, the inorganic we are implying again includes Steel Ceilings and Plasterform. They are past their anniversary in terms of contribution. So they are in the base. And that’s what we’ve guided to. So, that’s the greater than 15% guidance that we are providing out there.

In the guidance that you mentioned, MRK is not being that additive, at least near-term. But what were the intercompany sales of MRK to AWI in that $14 million revenue definition?

Yes, we didn’t break that out totally, but you can pretty much count on the majority of those for Armstrong sales, intercompany sales.

Got it.

That’s just not closed yet. That deal closes in the fourth quarter. It’s not closed yet and so we certainly haven’t outlooked anything in our projections so far.

Excellent. Thank you, guys.

Okay. Thank you.

Thank you. Our last question comes from Yves Bromehead from BNP Paribas. Please go ahead.

Good morning, gentlemen. Two questions if I can. The first one, I think you mentioned despite that you had some lumpy R&R verticals. I just want to understand which vertical you are referring to? And also I’d be interested to understand if there is any differences between regions across the U.S. in terms of the end-market developments?And my second question is on your 10-Q, you highlighted a $4 million decline in manufacturing costs in Q3 2019. Could you help us to understand what exactly are the input costs that are falling? And how we should think about those going forward given the fall in energy prices that seem to be continuing? Thank you very much.

Brian, I’ll let you take the third part of that.

Sure.

As far as the verticals, I called them out in terms of the lumpiness that are uneven, it’s been the retail and the healthcare verticals for the most part. Office continues to be and education as I highlighted continues to be positive. So the lumpiness is really coming and actually the unevenness in terms of their participation has been in the retail and healthcare.And across the U.S., I’d say there is no regional standouts. The activity is very consistent and broad based on the new construction and large remodel projects across the U.S. The majority, the vast majority of our regions across the U.S. were positive in the quarter.So, again, you can have – it’s never a 100%. And so, that’s very encouraging the fact that, the vast majority of our territories are positive in the quarter. So Brian, do you want to do with the other part?

Sure, and Yves, when you get a chance to look at our earnings call deck, you will see it on Page 7. Input costs which includes benefit from energy, freight and raw materials was roughly $1 million beneficial in the quarter versus a year ago. And the rest of it, the other three was all driven by that productivity which in that manufacturing line, we have labor inflation that’s been offset by productivity.

Okay. Thanks. So, how should we think – sorry – but the energy and input costs therefore going forward? Because if I look at how gas and electricity and the energy components is looking like going forward, it does seem that you should have quite more tailing actually going forward. Is that correct?

That’s correct largely, remember energy is roughly 10% of our total cost of goods sold. So, it’s a small piece. But we are seeing favorability in the energy part of our P&L.

All right. Great. Thank you so much.

Thank you. Great.

Thank you. This concludes our Q&A session. At this time, I would like to turn the call back to Vic Grizzle, President and CEO for closing remarks.

Yes, I just want to say thanks everybody for joining today. Again, I think we had a really strong quarter. One of the things that didn’t come out, I wanted to just mention again is, the Mineral Fiber volume growth at the high-end of the portfolio remained very strong in the high-single-digit level and it just further demonstrates that the innovation that we are bringing to market is the innovation that architects will want to specify and use and creating the base for future renovations.So, really encouraged by that and along with all the other things that we mentioned on the call. So thank you again for joining. Look forward to finishing the year very strong and talking to everybody in February. Thank you again.\

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect. Good day.