Good day, everyone, and welcome to the Ciena Corporation Unaudited Fiscal Second Quarter 2013 Conference Call. This call is being recorded. At this time for opening remarks and introductions, I would like to turn the call over to Ciena's Vice President of Investor Relations. Mr. Gregg Lampf. Mr. Lampf, please go ahead.

Thank you, Shannen. Good morning, and welcome to Ciena's Second Quarter 2013 Review. With me today is Gary Smith, CEO and President; Jim Moylan, CFO; and Tom Mock, Senior Vice President, Corporate Communications. This morning's press release is available on National Business Wire and ciena.com. We've also posted to the Investors section of ciena.com an accompanying investor presentation, including certain highlighted items from this quarter being discussed today, as well as our historical results. As was the case with our recent posting of supplemental segment data, we intend to continue to use this site as a vehicle by which to communicate important information to our investors. In our prepared remarks, Gary will discuss management's view on the quarter and the market, and Jim will offer some color on Q2 results and provide guidance for Q3. We'll then open the call to questions from sell-side analysts, taking 1 question per person with follow-ups as time allows. Before turning the call over to Gary, I'll remind you that during this call, we'll be making certain forward-looking statements. Such statements are based on current expectations, forecasts and assumptions regarding the company that include risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the statements discussed today. These statements should be viewed in the context of the risk factors detailed in our most recent 10-Q filing. Our 10-Q is required to be filed with the SEC by June 13, and we expect to file by that date. Ciena assumes no obligation to update the information discussed in this conference call, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Today's discussion includes certain adjusted or non-GAAP measures of Ciena's results of operations. A detailed reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to our GAAP results is included in today's press release available on ciena.com. This call is being recorded and will be available for replay from the Investors section of our website. Gary?

Thank you, Gregg. And good morning, everyone, and thanks for joining us again today. This morning, we announced strong Q2 results, including revenue growth that exceeded expectations. Our performance in the quarter contributed to a very successful first half of 2013 for Ciena, one in which we continue to make good progress towards achieving our long-term financial model. We are outperforming the market as a direct result of our strategy to address a fundamental shift in network architecture that we believe is now fully underway. And over the past several years, we have positioned ourselves to take advantage of the long-term opportunity that, that shift represents. In fact, we've designed the company specifically to be able to lead this period of architectural change as the network specialist with global scale, a strategy that is working and winning in the marketplace. Just this quarter, we announced key projects with major network operators, including BT and CenturyLink, as we become an increasingly strategic partner with greater penetration across global accounts, and we're seeing that market momentum translate into steadily improving financial performance. With the long-term opportunities that this architectural shift creates, we believe we will continue to grow faster than the overall market and drive greater operating leverage from our business. Given that, I'd like to take a moment to address what's driving this fundamental shift. Basically, the architectural changes taking place in the network today are all driven essentially by the end user. Service demands are different today because the behavior of businesses and consumers has fundamentally changed, and therefore, what they need from the network has dramatically changed as well. For example, networks are now being impacted by tremendous growth in cloud computing, mobility and machine-to-machine applications, profound and highly disruptive movements that are only just beginning. According to industry…

Thank you, Gary. Good morning, everyone. I'll take a few minutes to provide detail on the quarterly results that we published earlier today. I'll be speaking only to non-GAAP results, so please refer to this morning's press release on our website for reconciliations to our GAAP results. At $508 million of revenue, we crossed an important milestone in Q2, with quarterly revenue over $500 million for the first time. In a period of relatively low customer CapEx growth, we have been able to grow and to take market share in part because of changes in how network operators are allocating their capital expenditures. These changes are driven by the architectural shift away from legacy solutions and toward the essential next-gen capabilities that Ciena can provide, and these changes are happening regardless of growth trends in overall CapEx. As further evidence, we had another strong orders quarter, and orders were again greater than revenue for the quarter. Q2 gross margin came in at 42.5%, in line with our guidance. Operating expense in the second quarter was $197 million, higher than Q1. You will recall that last quarter, our OpEx came in at $177 million, which was significantly lower than our plan. At that time, we indicated that this was largely due to the timing of certain R&D and real estate activities that moved out of Q1 and that we expected these expenses to move into Q2 or subsequent quarters. Our Q2 OpEx reflects this shift in the timing of those expenses. In addition, Q2 OpEx was impacted by an increase in variable incentive compensation expense. This was the result of our strong financial and operational performance in the quarter and year-to-date, including order flow and revenues that were higher than planned. Adjusted operating margin came in at 4%. Our cash and…

[Operator Instructions] Our first question is from Kevin Dennean of Citi.

I have one quick housekeeping clarification and then really a longer-term question. On the housekeeping clarification, Jim, you and the team have done a good job on keeping a lid on OpEx. You've told us for a while now OpEx would have to drift higher with sales. Can you talk a little bit about, specifically, what portions of R&D -- of OpEx should move higher in constant retails? Are we going to see a relatively tight lid kept on R&D and it's mostly sales and marketing which should understandably move higher with sales? Or should we think about the entire OpEx pie maybe having to grow a bit here?

I think that the element of OpEx which will most closely correlate with sales -- with revenue is the sales and marketing line, as we said, because we'll have to continue to put feet on the street as we expand our reach and our role, for that matter. We do intend to hold as tight a lid on the rest of OpEx as we can. I think there could be some movement in the other elements because -- if no other reason, because we have inflation. But I do believe that we will continue to increase our operating leverage as we move through time.

Great. And Gary, a quick question for you. You talked a lot about how the cycle is not just the capacity buy but a cycle driven by architectural shifts. Can you give us a sense for where you think your customers are on this shift? And particularly in the U.S., Verizon and AT&T, do you think we're still in the early innings of their deployments of 100G and OTN and Converged Packet Optical? And then lastly, on your -- how are you feeling about Europe given some of the increased chatter on the regulatory front?

Thanks, Kevin. So I'd describe it as this overall shift is a one that's multiyear, and it's a multiyear opportunity for us. And I think in terms of U.S. sporting parlance, what innings are we in, from a baseball point of view, I still think we're in the first to the second innings here. And I think it varies carrier by carrier, but I think the U.S. are into that first from an overall architectural shift of stopping spending money on legacy and really directing to the new-world architectures. But I think we're also seeing that in certain other forward-thinking carriers around the world as well. Specifically to Europe, we would actually describe it as stabilized over the last few quarters, and we're actually seeing opportunity in Europe. I think really that's more of an artifact of, not the economy, but really, I think, the industry structure, which is coming to our favor. So we are seeing opportunities that we've not seen before in Europe largely as a result of the industry structure.

Our next question comes from Mark Sue of RBC Capital Markets.

Gentlemen, if I could parse the near-term revenue strength and also the outlook. What component of that is really related to just recognizing the strength of the bookings you have over the last 12 months? Or are we adding and refilling the funnel as well? Maybe you could give us a sense of how Europe backlog is growing and how you feel about your overall win rates going forward. It does seem that a lot of the opportunities are still in the early days.

Yes. With respect to the latter point, Mark, definitely, we're in the early days. But as we think about our order book, as I said, we had a very strong orders quarter. Our backlog grew. We said last quarter and earlier in the year that it looked to us as though this might be the year in which the North American service providers started to build out their architectural change, and we've certainly seen that in our results. As you saw, we had a nice growth in our U.S. business, and we had 2 10% customers, so that part of the situation is sort of unfolding as we expected. We still have a very strong backlog, and we expect our backlog to continue to build.

That's helpful. And then, recognizing that Ciena is quite different from where it was 5 years ago, you have assembled some assets, you've expanded your product portfolio. What is this on the excellent gross margins going forward? I understand directionally you want to improve that. But with the scale, the mix, are those things conducive now for steady increasing gross margins? Maybe just share what is your target and kind of the working efforts to get your margins higher on the gross margin side.

Yes, let me start the answer, and I think Gary has some thoughts as well. One thing I'd say, as we've talked about our results over the past year or so, really, is we've been an attacker in a number of markets. And as an attacker, we have had some upfront costs. We had to help customers with their switching costs. We had early discounts, and we had lab gear, et cetera, and all of these things influenced our margin going forward, in addition to a continued very competitive environment for these new builds. So I won't say that all of that is behind us because we continue to attack where we see opportunities, and so we'll continue to see some of that. I would just say though that we are seeing an increase in some of those accounts in the build-outs, the cards and things that follow the initial rollouts, and that's helping. But over the long term, as we've said before, the key to our margins is a change in the mix.

Yes, Mark, I think if you look at it from a long-term point of view, as Jim was saying, I think we've now got to sort of critical mass around an established base of these major carriers in their new builds. And I think you've seen an improvement in the last few quarters in the gross margins. We were below 40 for a couple of quarters last year, and I think we're unlikely to see that again. Generally, we see in the low to -- low-40s for now. But our aspiration -- clearly, the next milestone for us is to get to a sustainable mid-40s gross margin, which we believe the product mix that we're now expanding, particularly with OTN, the tight packet convergence and the increasing amount of software and applications that we're putting into the marketplace should all be positive factors to our overall gross margin that should get us to that sustained mid-40s over time.

Our next question comes from Tal Liani of Bank of America Merrill Lynch.

This is Eric Ghernati for Tal. Gary, just a question. Since your backlog is building and your order book is clearly strengthening, specifically in the U.S., just curious to share your thoughts with us. As far as directionally, going into the back half of the year, how do you think the -- your revenue and your order prospects with your Tier 1 service-provider customers in the U.S. look like directionally and also, like, what you're seeing going to the back half as far as European customers go?

Okay. I'd obviously expected to have a stronger second half than first half given the guidance we've given for Q3, so we expect that both from a revenue point of view and also expect that from an order point of view as well. I'd expect us to continue, in the second half, to build backlog. We're seeing a number of wins in the marketplace that have yet to translate to full order flows, so we're encouraged by that. And to your point, whilst we're talking -- and Jim mentioned it's pleasing to see the North American carriers really now beginning to execute on a lot of their next-generation plans, we're also seeing that from certain carriers around the globe as well and so -- both within some of the emerging markets. So Brazil, Russia, India, Middle East, we have seen good opportunities for growth there as well and with similar kind of network architecture shifts. So our coverage as a company is much more extensive than it was, so we're really designed around making sure we exploit those opportunities internationally as well.

And then -- and just 1 follow-up. And clearly, 100G is becoming more and more important going into next year. The competition is clearly going after the opportunity as well. How do you see the competitive landscape as far as like design win, share and position at Tier 1 -- both in -- Tier 1 customers both in the U.S. and abroad?

I mean, I describe the 100G as one of the essential components for this next-generation architecture, along with OTN, converged packets and very tightly aligned software architectures as well, so I think it's one of the key components. We clearly have market leadership in that space in terms of revenues and Tier 1 wins and overall capacity that we're now deploying on a global basis. We're seeing a strong uptick in 100G. We expect to see that continue and also spread into other areas of the architecture. We've got WaveLogic 3, which is our third-generation platform. Many of our competitors are struggling to get their -- frankly, their first generation fully operational in the marketplace. We've got a lot of features and functionality and in fact, software intelligence that is part of WaveLogic 3, so increasingly more smart photonics there that we're able to leverage, so we feel very positive from a competitive position around 100G, particularly when you encompass it with the complete solutions you're putting together around OTN, control plane, converged packets and then the software architecture approach that we have.

Yes, this is an architectural shift. You have to have all the elements that Gary just described, really, to be a winner here. Just having 100G solution is not enough.

The one thing I would also add to that, too, is that we're now seeing 100G across all domains in the networks. And one of the ways you can get to those other domains in the network is to have the bigger architectural components that Jim and Gary talked about. So that's really what's let us move from the core into the metro and also into the ultra long haul and undersea markets.

Our next question is from Ehud Gelblum of Morgan Stanley.

A couple of things. First of all, one on the diversity of the customer mix. Gary, it really sounds as though in your order flow you're seeing a much more diverse set of customers. T and VZ [ph], obviously, North America are doing very well for you, with [indiscernible] as 1/3 of revenues. But when you back out the growth that they're -- that you're seeing from them, which is almost about 23% year-over-year is what I calculated, it looks like your other carriers -- sales to other carriers were pretty much flat on a year-over-year basis. So I'm wondering in the order backlog, are you seeing bigger growth. And can you give us some sense of the composition of that order backlog just to see some of those deals that you're talking about? Or are these still prospective things and the order backlog looks very similar to your revenue -- to your regular revenue right now? And then I have a follow-up.

Okay. Without going into the sort of granularity of that from a disclosure point of view, I mean, I think, we're seeing good diversity around the customer base. We have a much broader base of customers right now. The other point that I would make is that even within the large customers that we have, we have much greater diversity in terms of the engagement with them, meaning, depending on how you want to talk about it, multiple domains, multiple platforms, multiple different parts of the customer, we are now engaged with. So the nice thing about that, it gives us much more balance and breadth as a business as those deployments ebb and flow depending upon the particular part of the architecture that they're transitioning. So even within the large customers, we've spread out considerably to where we are, and as I mentioned in my comments, we're now truly a strategic vendor to them. And I include things like professional services in that as well and consulting. To your point around the strength of North America, I'd reiterate that you haven't seen all of the strength of the international piece. We've got a lot of large international projects, I think it's fair to say, in backlog and also being deployed and also in terms of opportunities. So we do expect the overall balance of our business to continue to be about 50% in international over time, which again gives us much more breadth as a business.

Okay, great. And a follow-up to either you or Jim. With the new way of reporting, I was looking to trying to get some granularity or just some detail on the Converged Packet Optical piece. Can you give us a sense as to how 5400, 5300 [ph] did, how CoreDirector did? And on the 6500, last quarter, I think you've said that 40 and 100G together were 60% of revenues. Can you give us an update on that number? Did it climb? Is it now at the 80%, 85%? Whatever clarity you can give between CoreDirector 5400 and 6500 and detail will be great to just understand how each one grew.

We disclosed that of our Converged Packet Optical, the 6500 was $244 million, $243 million, so the remainder, of course, is a combination of mainly CoreDirector and 5430, so that's the progress. We do expect the standalone switching business to be up in this year and then the second half over the first half. We were adding -- continuing to add 5400 customers. We added 2 new customers in the quarter. And so there's some detail. I would say this that we continue to show growth in interest in the idea of embedding and integrating switching in our 6500 platform, and that's all about convergence. So I do think that these categories will become a bit more blurred as we move through time. But again, on a standalone basis, we think our switching business -- standalone switching will be up in 2013 and in the second half as compared to the first half.

Our next question is from Kent Schofield of Goldman Sachs.

To follow-up on the gross margin side of things, you disclosed you have your top 2 customers at 31%, you have 25% or so outside of the telco domain, and then that leaves a good piece besides that. I was wondering if you could talk about the size, just product mix, how we should think about gross margins across those 3 buckets.

That's the kind of detail, Kent, that I don't -- we're not going to provide. I'd say this, generally speaking, our margin structure, as we said before, is a function mainly of mix so that where we're selling more of our higher software content products or more software, we get higher returns just because these are stickier products, which are more embedded into the customers' operating systems. So the other thing I'd say is that much of the margin differential depends upon where we are in the relationship cycle. If we're attacking in an area where we are not incumbent, then we're going to see lower margins and our -- but that's with the intent of gaining margin over time as we sell broader product mixes and as we turn into cards as compared to initial comment. So those are the general things that we see across our margin structure.

Okay, understood. Maybe just then a follow-up on the cash flow side of things. It was up nicely Q-on-Q but down year-on-year. It looks like in part due to accounts receivable. How should we think about that throughout kind of the rest of the year? Should we expect some improvement on that side of things?

Yes, you should. We do intend to drive cash for the full year. We had a good quarter in both inventory and in our collections for the quarter. I think we'll continue to do that for the rest of this year. And as our profitability increases through time, we intend to be a very consistent provider of cash to the balance sheet.

Our next question comes from Scott Thompson of FBR Capital Markets. Scott Thompson - FBR Capital Markets & Co., Research Division: Could you expand a little bit on the impact of the convergence? There's $11 million in interest expense, there's some share -- at least in the diluted line, some share give and take. Can you comment a little bit more on that and what to expect -- what happened this quarter and what to expect over the next couple?

Sure. We paid off $216 million of convertibles, which came due in May of this year. We still have on our balance sheet $1.2 billion of convertibles. They mature at different periods starting in 2015 and extending to 2020. Of the $1.2 billion, about $700 million convert at around $20 per share. So that's -- it would be our hope that much of that set of debt will convert into equity over time. We -- as we talked about a couple of quarters ago, we did take the opportunity to extend out the maturity of the 2015 -- or half of the 2015 note out to 2020. So if you look at what we have over the next several years, we have essentially one maturity of $187 million. It converts at around $20 a share, so we're very comfortable with our balance sheet situation as we sit here today. Scott Thompson - FBR Capital Markets & Co., Research Division: Okay. And one quick follow-up to that on the architectural shift that you guys are talking about. You talk to the -- kind of the low-end guys at some of the carriers and you hear them talking or chattering a little bit about this. You talk to the high-end execs and you hear them chattering about it. But you don't hear much at the midlevels. Can you comment a little bit on maybe why that is? And then, if this change is being driven down from the top down or is it a full change across all levels of these organizations?

Yes, Scott. I mean, I think the drivers to it are multifold. It's driven by economics, it's driven by fundamental competitive things that are going on driven by businesses and consumers and changes to the end users. So it's economics, it's the operations of these networks are changing dramatically. So I would say that it's certainly well known and expressed and being driven by the senior executives of the major carriers. Our experience is it's also well understood and embraced through all levels of the organization, and frankly, these organizations are going through dramatic change as a result of this. And they are very complex large enterprises, and it takes a while to effect that change. But I think we're finally seeing the real tangible results of some of that, again, at the early stages. So Scott, it does impact everybody within these major operators. Scott Thompson - FBR Capital Markets & Co., Research Division: Right. So it sounds like the change is happening, it's just a little fuzzy on exactly in which areas and what timing, but it's all going to move.

It's definitely moving. And I think if you ask me a single question around why we're growing faster than the market and why our -- very simply, why our revenue is up, I'd say this change is beginning to happen now. And it's taken longer than I think we would have all anticipated, but Ciena is specifically designed to exploit this. And I think the reason that we're growing faster than the market is absolutely the fact that you're now seeing this change happen.

Yes, a couple of data points you might use there, Scott. I mean, you've heard AT&T talk about their Velocity IP program, which is a multiyear shift in how they connect to their customers. You're also seeing very rapid growth in Ethernet business services, which is another symptom of how the network is changing.

Our next question is from Paul Silverstein of Cowen and Company.

I'm going to apologize if this question is already asked. I've been off and on all morning, I do apologize. But one, did you give the percentage of revenue that was 40/100G? I know you told us the switching, but could you give us the 40/100 piece as a percentage of total transport or percentage of total revenue?

Yes, about 70% of our WDM revenue is coherent, and that's 40 and 100G, Paul.

Secondly, I'm going to apologize if this came up before. But going back to a question that was asked earlier on the depth and breadth of the strength that you're seeing both in the quarter and looking ahead. I know there are some concerns on the street about Verizon, in particular, and I appreciate that there's only so much you want to say about any one customer. But the checks I've done suggest that, and I think Verizon said publicly in terms of using you for 100G long haul or 100G metro, OTN switching and some other stuff, but I don't even think the metro started yet. And if we look bigger picture, I don't think there's been much 100G metro to date. So the question that I have for you is can you give us any insight as to how much of that particular build and more generically, looking across your customer base, how much 100G metro is done -- has been done to date?

Sometimes it's hard for us to tell exactly when the equipment has been going in, and one of the things we've been working on, on 5500 [ph] is to try to make a platform that can be used in a variety of different applications. Now we're seeing deployment of 6500 subsea ultra long haul, long haul and metro. With respect to Verizon in particular, I can't comment on them specifically, but we did talk about 6500 going into the metro network of CenturyLink, so you are starting to see 100G make its way into the metro networks in the U.S. and globally.

Tom, can you first say though that it's still very -- that metro -- those metro deployments of 100G are fairly early? They can't be that far into...

Definitely, definitely, Paul. I mean, the first deployment is always in the core of the network because that's where the traffic cross section is greatest. And it usually works its way out into the metro, so we are in the very early days of that.

One last question, if I may. On the Metro piece, is it fair to say that, again I recognize it's early, but the metro should be suited [ph] perhaps 5x as large, as a general proposition, at the long haul build-outs?

Metro generally is, as a market, a bigger market than the core of the network. And if you talk to industry analysts, they'll give you a number that's probably toward the lower end of your range rather than the upper end of your range. But one of the things that is happening is probably -- in this architectural shift is how people think about the networks is in fact changing. So there isn't as much of a hard line between metro and core as there used to be. In fact, what you're really seeing now is a division in the network where people are connecting to, I think, like content, and then content centers are being connected together. And that content centers being connected together is a combination of both the metro and long haul networks. So the lines are, in some sense, blurring a bit there. But your number is, if you use the low end of your range, are roughly correct relative to the current view on this relative size of the market.

Our next question is from Simon Leopold of Raymond James. Simon M. Leopold - Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Research Division: I wanted to see if we could touch a little bit on some of the other segments, particularly the CESD business and services, get a little bit more color around the quarter and the trending there. Noting that the CESD business looks real good in this quarter and just wondering, should we think about this as a new normal. What's sort of your thought on lumpiness? And then, software and services, were just a bit light this quarter. In an otherwise good quarter, I would typically think it would move more consistently with the rest of the products, so some color there would be helpful. And just a clarification, you mentioned earlier in the call 25% of the customer base being non-telco. I'd like to try to understand the composition of that 25%, cable government, Web 2.0 what -- how to think about that because that was a bigger number than I would have guessed.

Okay. Lot of questions there, Simon. Let me kind of run through them. First of all on the packet networking, I think really the main driver there is now the Ethernet business services. I think up until this point, I think it's fair to characterize it as predominantly wireless backhaul. We're now seeing finally the Ethernet business services, and it's the fastest-growing part of the enterprise data services market. And we expect the percentage of revenue coming from this business, Ethernet services, to increase. Our position is pretty strong in the marketplace, certainly, with the -- even with wireless backhaul. And I think we support about 50% of the fiber-fed U.S. towers for backhaul actually, which we've been able to deploy over the last couple of years. So the bet that we placed, which was significant on the converged Ethernet and packet networking space is beginning to pay off. I think we're at the early stages of this shift over from essentially TDM services into the enterprise, into Ethernet. And that is largely what's in the uptick. I would think that it is -- given their nature, that they're absolutely sustainable, and I would expect to continue to grow this segment of the business.

One other thing I'd also point out, Simon, is that there are components of Ethernet that show up across our portfolio. So for example, one of the things we've been working to do now is also get Ethernet interfaces and also Ethernet switching and aggregation capability into our transport products.

Yes, and just as a general statement, you have to -- I don't think you should look at any single quarter and compare that to any other single quarter and draw a big conclusion, Simon, as we've talked about in the past. We do have big projects, and things can move through our various segments as a result of big projects being recognized in revenue that don't necessarily reflect long-term or short-term trends. But having said all that, the packet networking is up significantly. It's up 100% year-over-year, and we do think that, that will continue to trend upward from where it's been in the last few quarters. Now on the software and services side, I'd say a couple of things about that. Services also is a situation where we can have pretty large deployments in any given quarter as we build out a given project, so you can see movements up and down in services. However, I think, over time, you're going to see the trend in services grow because we are certainly moving into areas where our services, particularly our network transformation solution services, are very attractive to customers. And as a valued advisor to our customers, we can win there. On software, a couple of things about that. The amount that we report in our software line is fairly small today. Because it's so small, it can show movements up and down. We do intend to grow that over time, but I'd just make one other statement about that. That number is only a small piece of what we measure as the software content in our products. When we look internally at software content, software is a much higher percentage of our overall revenue. It's just that the way that we have to segment, we end up with a pretty small number in our software. But having said all that, our Ethernet software is up year-over-year, and we are beginning to bring applications to market, which I think will increase our software line on a standalone basis.

Simon... Simon M. Leopold - Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Research Division: And the clarification on the, sorry, Gary, the 25% non-telco?

Yes, I wanted to take that. So the -- as you're going down that path, it makes it exactly right. It's cable operator, government, research and education. Some very large research and education networks around the globe, clearly a big requirement to move very, very large amounts of capacity around the enterprise space. There's a lot of very high-end enterprises who want carrier-class interconnectivity lodged in between their data centers. We're increasingly seeing opportunities in that space and also the content delivery network folks as well. So all of that together is about 25%. Simon M. Leopold - Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Research Division: And within that is -- are any particular group, like cable or government, material? Does any -- let's say, is government 5%; cable, 15%?

I would say the largest part of that is probably the enterprise and data center connectivity segment given what's going on there. But we are seeing good opportunities in the cable operator space, particularly with some of the consolidation that's going on, and they are obviously -- some of those customers are quite large. U.S. government is clearly a bit challenging right now, but we are well positioned for some of their future networks as well, and research and education continues to be strong.

Our next question is from Brian Modoff of Deutsche Bank.

A couple of questions. So back to the software and services piece then, kind of what you were saying earlier about you think that becomes -- it becomes more significant as a part of the business. Do you see it growing then as a percent of revenue over time? And how does that affect your margins? And then looking at kind of the mix of Converged Packet Optical and packet networking, how do you see that mix moving forward? In other words, when do you start to see 400G coming into play? And can you kind of talk a little bit about how you're going to migrate from 40 to 100 to 400 from a standpoint of technology changes? You're keeping the same clock rate, so when are you going to increase the speeds?

Yes, it's actually hard to make a guess as to the general percent of software and services as a percent of revenue. Let me tell you the things that we're doing. As I said, we are bringing applications software to market. And so I believe that the standalone software number in our results will increase as a percent of revenue, but understand that's a pretty small number today. We are doing a number of things. We're spending a lot of money in developing software, and I believe that over time, that, that will increase that standalone software as a percent of revenue. With respect to services, we're rolling out this NTS service that we've talked about, which is Network Transformation Solutions. It's all about acting as a consultant with our customers as a trusted advisor and helping them both modernize and monetize their networks. So I would think that services is going to continue to grow. It may grow as a percent of revenue, if we are successful on the NTS side. I will say that if we're successful in NTS that we'll probably pull through some equipment. So as I say, hard to say. If you're looking at our income statement through the prism of percent of revenue, it is just difficult to project. We think we're strongly positioned in all of those places.

Brian, as to your question on the migration to 400G and beyond, probably a good way to look at the different things that you can do to get to higher capacity. First thing you can do, and you've seen this with our WaveLogic 3, is you can increase the modulation format. That lets you get more information in a given channel. The other thing you can start to do is pack those channels in more closely together and kind of strap them together. If you look at the announcement we talked -- we just recently made about what we're doing at British Telecom with the 800G trial, what we've done there is upped the modulation format so we can get 200G in the channel, and then we strap the numbers of those channels together to get additional information down the line. So the idea of higher modulation formats is one way we do that. When we start putting some of these channels together to create what are called super channels, you're going to need to also start thinking about how do you make your network grid-less. And there are a number of things we've been showing our customers here recently to show them how that can happen in a cost-effective way. And lastly, as we do that, we need to be mindful of the fact that all of this needs to exist on the same fiber channels, if you will, as current traffic. So it needs to be able to coexist this 40 and 100G on the same routes. And one of the things we've done in some of the trials we've done with customers, as well as some of the demonstrations we're doing at our investors event in Canada right now with our major customers, is to show them how you can put all those technologies together on the same fiber.

Our next question is from Amitabh Passi of UBS.

I just had a couple of questions. I guess my first question was just wanted to get a sense of order momentum through the quarter. I apologize if you commented on that. I was just curious, did order bookings strengthen as the quarter progressed. Any insights you can give, both North America and internationally? And then, perhaps just a bigger-picture question. Given these architectural shifts with increased packet optical convergence, are you seeing increased competitive pressure from companies such as Cisco and Alcatel-Lucent, both of whom have very strong IP and optical assets?

Yes, let me speak to the backlog, Amitabh. I'd say that most elements of our business do have some piece of back-end loading, so we generally tend to get stronger third-month-of-the-quarter results in a number of different elements of our financial statements. I would say though that when we've looked at the last quarter, we started off strong and we just continued strong. So it was a good quarter. We felt very good about order progression, and we have every reason to expect that we're going to continue to show that kind of order flow.

In terms of the converged packet landscape, that's clearly something where we placed heavy bets for the company, and the design point for that architecture is really built around that, and our open architecture really is the driver of that. I would say that, generally speaking, this whole move towards disaggregation with things like SDNs, software, et cetera plays very much to our open architecture. Meaning, a, it is open, which our architecture is; and b, you're really looking at the devolvement of a lot of the packet technologies across a converged portfolio. So clearly, we can leverage -- our worldwide leadership in control plane technology then becomes critical. The real optical intelligence that we're able to bring to bear on the actual traffic flows with increasing amounts of software and OTN packaging of Ethernet traffic, we actually think we have a real competitive advantage as that architecture gets more and more adopted. Clearly, this pulls us into competition with some larger players, particularly in the packet space, but we think there are distinct advantages around the tool kit that we have and our solution approach coming up as opposed to Layer 3 coming down. And we've seen that in a number of wins over the last year or so.

Our next question is from Rod Hall of JP Morgan. Roderick B. Hall - JP Morgan Chase & Co, Research Division: Just a couple of quick questions. One, international grew pretty strongly. I just wonder if you guys can give us any more color on what drove that. And then, secondly, you're indicating that higher OpEx and some optimism around the order growth through the end of the year. I think you guys had said 9% to 11%, as its part of revenue growth rates that you grow faster than the market. Do you -- it feels like you're pacing ahead of that number and, or at least at the top end of that 9% to 11% range? And metro hasn't even started yet, which we all, I think, agree is a pretty big chunk of revenues. So just wondering how you're sitting with that 9% to 11% target growth rate at this stage, especially if you look into next year.

Okay, Rod. I'm going to take the first part of that. Internationally, we're actually seeing good opportunities and good momentum. In a lot of the markets, that probably would resonate with folks -- the big build-out that's going on in Brazil and India and Russia. We're well positioned there, the Middle East as well. In certain countries, it's moving pretty aggressively. We're also seeing opportunities, as I said, in Europe as well, that was a little unexpected to us, but I think is more really around the evolving industry structure as this architectural shift gains momentum.

Yes, with respect to the growth rate, Rod, what we said is that if you look at what the industry analysts are saying, the growth rate for revenue in our space is expected to be in the mid- to high-single digits for the year. And we expect, in the context of whatever the growth rate of the industry is, to gain market share. So I don't think we've intentionally said anything about a 10% growth, but you can sort of get there by inference. And so what I'd say is that, as you can see, we delivered a very strong revenue quarter this quarter. We have guided to pretty good results in Q3. We expect a good Q4. So I think our trend line on growth is in good shape. And without commenting upon 10% or whatever, we feel good about our revenue trend. It's driven by the fact that our orders have been strong this year, and we expect them to remain strong.

Rod, the other thing I'd add is a lot of this sort of traditional industry analysis is really looking at this through the optical prism of growth. And I think given the amount of convergence and the changes that are going on, I'd encourage us to think about -- looking at that through a different, broader prism around Converged Packet Optical. So I think as this evolves over the next couple of years, I think you'll see a broader market that Ciena addresses. Roderick B. Hall - JP Morgan Chase & Co, Research Division: Okay. Gary, can you just -- can you maybe say a little -- on international, I was wondering is it mostly long haul business you're seeing there at this stage or is it long haul [indiscernible]...

No, it really goes back to this overall sort of shift. I mean, we're seeing -- clearly, capacity is a fundamental part of this, but we're also seeing -- certainly in some of the countries that I just talked to, in many cases, they want to leapfrog to this next-generation architecture, so they're very focused on things like packet optical, OTN deployments. They're looking at the intelligence of the software on the optical side. So I think it's not just driven by 100G and pure capacity, as we've been saying, even in those international markets. I think we're seeing overall, on a global basis, the shift happen. I would say that probably the North American carriers are probably leading some of this right now, but we are seeing the same kind of architectural shift apparent outside of North America.

Thanks, Rod. Thanks, everyone, for joining. We appreciate you joining us this morning, and we look forward to speaking to you soon and talking with you next quarter.

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference. Thank you for your participation, and have a wonderful day.