Good morning, and welcome to the CIBC Quarterly Financial Results Call. Please be advised that this call is being recorded. I would like to turn the meeting over to Geoff Weiss, Senior Vice President, Investor Relations. Please go ahead, Geoff.

Thank you, and good morning, everyone. We will begin this morning's presentation with opening remarks from Victor Dodig, our President and Chief Executive Officer; followed by Rob Sedran, our Chief Financial Officer; and Frank Guse, our Chief Risk Officer. Also on the call today are a number of our group heads, including Shawn Beber, U.S. Region; Harry Culham, Capital Markets and Direct Financial Services; Jon Hountalas, Canadian Banking; and Hratch Panossian, Personal and Business Banking. They are all available to take questions following the prepared remarks. We have a hard stop this morning at 8:30, so please limit your questions to one during the Q&A to allow everyone to participate. As usual, we will make ourselves available after the call for any follow ups. As noted on Slide 2 of our investor presentation, our comments may contain forward-looking statements, which involve assumptions and have inherent risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially. With that, I will now turn the call over to Victor.

Thank you, Geoff, and good morning, everyone. I will begin the call today with a brief overview of our second quarter results, followed by an update on our key operating segments and progress on our strategy. We delivered strong results this quarter that reflected our differentiated business model, our diversified portfolio and our client-centric strategy, which we continue to consistently execute on. On an adjusted basis, we reported net income of $1.7 billion and earnings per share of $1.75. This performance was driven by 9% pre-tax, pre-provision earnings growth and a third consecutive quarter of positive operating leverage. Our capital position remains strong with a CET1 ratio of 13.1%. This provides us with flexibility to draw on excess capital, support our clients and continue growing our businesses, while also returning capital to shareholders. Our adjusted return on equity was 13.4% as we maintain focus on profitability, while holding elevated capital. Looking forward, our strategy is deliberately designed to deliver robust long-term return profile as we prioritize specific client segments, advance our digital capabilities, deepen client relationships and realize efficiencies across our portfolio. Now turning to our business units, starting with Canadian Personal and -- Canadian Personal and Business Banking franchise. We delivered a strong quarter as we continue to advance our strategic priorities. And CIBC Imperial Service which serves the needs of the Mass Affluent segment in Canada, our client Net Promoter scores are trending higher, and money-in balance growth for Imperial Service clients was up 27% sequentially. With the support of AI, we're continuing to foster a cultural mindset of delivering an enhanced client experience. In one use case, we're using advanced analytics to compile a holistic client financial snapshot, which provides our advisors with deeper insights to guide more personalized conversations with their clients. We're also leveraging our…

Thank you, Victor, and good morning, everyone. Having spent 19 years with CIBC in various roles, I'm very excited to serve as our bank CFO. So let's get started with our Q2 '24 performance. I'm on Slide 6. The results this quarter reflect our focus on the consistent execution of the strategy Victor reiterated in his remarks. Strong performance in our largest business unit personal and business banking, momentum, and market sensitive businesses and balance between expense control and investing in our growth contributed to diluted earnings per share of $1.79 and ROE of 13.7% on a reported basis. Excluding items of note, adjusted EPS was $1.75 and adjusted ROE was 13.4%. Our balance sheet remains in a strong position with ratios that are well above our normal course operating targets. The balance of my presentation will refer to adjusted results starting with Slide 7. Unless otherwise noted results are being compared with Q2 of '23. Adjusted net income of $1.7 billion increased 6%. Pre-provision pre-tax earnings of $2.7 billion were up 9% and revenues of $6.2 billion were up 8% aligned with our growth targets and supported by expanding margins, volume growth, and higher fee income. We also continued to prudently manage expenses while still investing to support our strategy, which helped generate positive operating leverage. Provisions for credit losses continue to be elevated up 17% from a year ago, but they are down 12% sequentially. Frank will discuss credit in detail in his presentation. Slide 8 highlights key drivers of net interest income. Excluding trading, NII was up 9% over the year, driven by expanding margins and continued balance sheet growth. The net interest margin performance this quarter and for the next couple of quarters is muddied [ph] by the impact of benchmark reform as we approach the…

Thank you, Rob, and good morning, everyone. Our credit performance this quarter has remained stable despite a challenging environment. We completed a number of dispositions in our U.S office book which reduced impaired balances in the sector. With strong allowance coverage, we remain focused on maintaining reserves for evolving macro economic conditions. Turning to Slide 20, our total provision for credit losses was $514 million in Q2, compared to $585 million last quarter. We've continued to build allowance levels by 9 basis points over the past 12 months to prepare for future changes in the economy. Our performing provision was 67 million this quarter, primarily from our business and government portfolios. Provision on impaired loans was $447 million, down $45 million quarter-over-quarter. This was due to lower provisions in the Canadian retail portfolios, as well as both the Canadian and the U.S commercial lending portfolios. Turning to Slide 21, we are providing an updated view of our impaired PCLs by business. Over the past few quarters, we've seen total bank impaired PCL performing around our mid 30s guidance with strong performance in a number of our strategic business units. In PBB, impaired PCL trended slightly higher over the past year. We expected to move slightly higher in the coming quarters. The Canadian commercial portfolio has yielded strong and stable performance. While some fluctuation will be normal for this portfolio, we remain pleased with these results. And we'd also highlight the performance in our capital markets business where impaired PCL rates over the past few quarters remain muted. U.S commercial impaired PCL has seen improvements over the past few quarters with lower provisions in the office sector, partially offset by increases in diversified commercial. We expect to see these improvements continue. Our credit performance this quarter reflect strong credit quality across…

Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our first question is from Matthew Lee from Canaccord. Please go ahead.

Good morning, guys and thanks for taking my question. I wanted to hone in on the Canadian PBB segment, which saw sequential improvement in impaired PCL. I thought it was against the industry-wide trend in this space. Could you maybe talk about the puts and takes in that business and maybe how we should expect that trend in the back half of the year just given an increasingly strained Canadian consumer?

Thanks, Matthew. Thanks for the question. I think as we guided in my prepared remarks, we continue to expect NCLs [ph] trending up a little bit more in the second half of the year. And that should be expected against the macroeconomic environment. But we do remain overall very comfortable with our performance and credit quality in the Canadian consumer book. We're very intentionally focused on growing relationships with clients with strong credit quality. We have invested heavily in retail strategies focused on the Mass Affluent segment, even investing in our co-brand credit card has improved overall credit quality for the portfolio. And we are also investing heavily in risk strategies and Victor touched upon some of those using AI in bringing in more data to just be very conscious about risky decisions that we are making in the portfolio as an origination during the lifecycle of the loan and even when it comes to collection efforts and pre-delinquency strategies. So I would say a very intentional strategy, good investments that we're making both on the business and the risk side. And that's what you're seeing reflected there in the results notwithstanding we're still guiding to net credit losses to continue to trend up moderately in the second half of the quarter.

Okay. That's helpful. And then …thing

Sorry, Matthew -- yes, you got another question? Go ahead.

Oh, no, no, no, go ahead.

No, I want to hear from you, Matthew.

Oh, sure. I just want to ask about the Costco portfolio. It feels like when I go to Costco, get my groceries, enjoy my $1.50 hotdog, , I can see how it's really easy to end up with a Costco, CIBC, MasterCard, and perhaps even open a bank account, but just can you elaborate on how you been able to take that initial interaction with the consumer and turn it into a kind of a longer term multi product relationship.

Yes. So I'm going to hand it off to Hratch in a moment, that whole Costco strategy is very much tied to our overall client strategy to build a product suite that is market leading. And in that instance, we have a market leading travel and non-travel credit card portfolio that's been performing very well and to make sure that our clients, including you, Matthew, have an opportunity to do more banking business with us. So franchising the client and making progress on that front is something that we're seeing in a very encouraging way in our partnership with Costco, and quite frankly across our banking business. So Hratch over to you.

Thanks, Victor and good morning, Matthew. Costco portfolio overall is trending very well for us. And let me go back for a second and remind you what we had said at the time of the acquisition. The card itself is interesting to us, the economics of the card for our business case were good. But the real value for us was building the relationship and franchising that client base, which is several million that we've acquired and hundreds of thousands that we are acquiring on an annual basis going forward as new card holders. And a large portion of that client base aligns with our strategy of our focus on Mass Affluent. And so what we're seeing so far on the card itself, there's some puts and takes. Cost of funds is higher because of where the environment is, that hurts us. But if I look at some of the operational metrics, in terms of number of accounts, in terms of number of new accounts, in terms of balances, in terms of transaction volumes, in terms of how that spend is materializing, all of that is trending at or better than business case. And so I would say overall, the economics of the card are as good as we expected in the business case. When I look at the real value of franchising, though, we are ahead. We're ahead of our initial goals life to date. We're acquiring clients, we're engaging those clients. So you asked, how are we doing that? A large portion, I would say the vast majority of the client base that's coming to us through this portfolio is digitally engaged. And so we're able to engage with those clients digitally after the fact to build the relationship. We've got the data on the clients and so we understand those clients. And as we do with all of our client base, mind that data to generate insight to understand what other products and services could be beneficial to those clients. And we've got a very good relationship with our partner. And we think over time, there's more and more we can do with that partner, both with cardholders, but also the overall base that they serve their member base, which is significantly larger than that.

All right. That's really helpful. I appreciate it.

Thank you. A following question is from Doug Young from Desjardins Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

Hi. Good morning. Rob, just wanted to go back to this whole discussion and maybe you can kind of clear up some stuff that I just find very cloudy. But the Canadian Commercial down 40 basis points, U.S Commercial down, Canadian banking up a little. I assume the offset is in corporate, I assume yes, there is some of that benchmarking you talked about. Just -- can you help me think through what's going on. And maybe you can put a finer point on how you're thinking, then this will kind of evolve maybe at the divisional level and at the all bank level, and how corporate Canada [ph] intertwines with that?

Hey, thanks, Doug, and good morning. So there's probably no piece of guidance that we gave that has more underlying assumptions than the net interest margins. So maybe I will take you to the top of the house and I will explain to you how I think about it and then you can kind of overlay your investment thesis on top of that to see how you may challenge or agree with it. So I break it down into three buckets, right. The first bucket is our hedging and positioning of how we hedge our balance sheet for interest rate risk. And as you know we’ve aimed [ph] for our margin stability as best we can through the cycle, including impaired of volatility and we have some success with that. In almost -- in most possible rate scenarios from here, the roll on rate for the new hedge that’s coming on is going to be better than the roll-off rate for the new hedge that’s maturing like most banks we have some provision of a [indiscernible] strategy. That first bucket I look at it as a tailwind for the [indiscernible] for us. The second bucket I would say comes down largely to business mix, right. So if you think higher for longer or maybe you’re thinking less mortgage, you’re thinking more GIC, you’re thinking a little less demand deposit, all of that category of how customers react and what customers do and what choices they’re making has an impact on margin. It has been particularly as rates have been rising. It's been a headwind to the margin to the consolidated margin over the last little while. The longer rates stay where they’re at. We think it's a little bit of a mild headwind, but it's not the headwind that it…

So maybe I can just think about this, that the -- like the hedging comes from the corporate, so that's a benefit. And then in the Canadian Commercial side, is that a normal -- like is that a normal level of margin and that could maybe in commercial that we should be thinking of going forward like there's nothing unusual in there and then I can think about the rest of the two. But those are the two kind of things that I was hoping may became a little more tolerant [ph].

I would clarify slightly, the hedging doesn't come through the corporate. The hedging, the factoring strategy has the benefit that gets fed into the businesses over time. And that's kind of what you're seeing in the personal and business bank as the most direct example. What you're seeing in corporate is largely the normalization of some of the treasury volatility that you otherwise would see when rates are spiking. We do try to insulate the business and the customer facing businesses from some of that volatility, because we want them focused on serving the client and growing the business the right way and they need stability to be able to do that. The Commercial Banking margin, yes, that’s in around these levels is what we're assuming from here, a number of moving parts really and it's a bit of a noisy quarter on the Commercial Banking margin. But all the things that have effectuated [ph] are generally stabilizing and so we would suggest more stability from here in that margin.

Appreciate the color. Thank you.

Thank you. A following question is from Ebrahim Poonawala from Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning. I just had a question maybe a multi-part question on the outlook for CET1 capital build from the 13.1%. And if you could just respond maybe, Frank, Rob and maybe even Victor around how we should think about RWA migration from your balance sheet growth. Balance sheet has been shrinking [indiscernible] about balance sheet growth. And then finally how should we think about inorganic deployment -- is it too early for buybacks? And then when we think about the strategy of impact, maybe open to US M&A. So thank you.

So, Ebrahim, thanks for the question. Capital is always an important area to focus on and we're very pleased with the progress that we've made over the past year. We've built 120 basis points in capital from this time last year. And that was a very deliberate focus of the leadership team to continually focus on our strategy that we've laid out, a client focused strategy, high-quality returns, and increasingly over time, capital light, and therefore generating capital for our business. We were pretty clear in terms of how we're thinking about the discount of the DRIP, which we've made official in this quarter. And we saw some credit migration, which I think reflects the reality of what we see out in the marketplace. It's not our strategy. It's just what the marketplace is doing. Our strategy is working. And what I'll do with this question now is just hand it off to Frank on the credit migration, just so give you a little bit of a double click there. And then we can move on to any other questions you might have in your multi-part question, Ebrahim.

[Technical difficulty] I think it's a reflection of the macroeconomic conditions out there [technical difficulty] migration this quarter. I think it's Canadian retail portfolios and some of our commercial businesses, including CRE [ph]. I think it's important to reiterate is we do not expect these migrations to lead into losses outside of our [technical difficulty] which I’ve reiterated at the [technical difficulty] ratings. A couple of reasons for that. For instance, on the Canadian consumer side, a lot of the migration is actually driven by [technical difficulty] changing and changing slightly to house [ph] prices continuing to moderate in some cities. But those migrations happen with clients with very, very strong credit score. So we don't have any reason to believe that we will see large impairments or losses arising out of that. And as you can see in our disclosures, overall LTVs continue to remain very, very strong. So, yes, we do expect some of that migration to happen in an environment like that. But it's not translating into higher losses, or changes to our guidance and outlook on the [technical difficulty].

Thank you, Frank. And Ebrahim, just to kind of answer some other aspects of what you kind of put forth earlier on when we think about our capital deployment strategy, which is what you're getting at, the first priority is continue to invest in our business, continue to make investments that are highly consistent with the strategy that we've laid out and that we are going to continue to deliver on, that would include growth and credit formation as interest -- the interest rate environment starts to become clearer and the economic environment becomes clear. We have the capital to continue to do that. The second aspect is obviously to grow our dividends, which we do once a year, that's in line with earnings growth and to be within our payout ratio 40% to 50%. The third is buyback. The buyback lever obviously becomes more active when your capital gets to a higher level. But mindful of the fact that we want to be within our peer group here. We don't want to be an outlier. We want to have the strong capital to grow, not an outlier. But that active lever is there for us. And on M&A, I'd say think about CIBC as a highly organically focused bank. With the opportunities to do tuck-ins in areas that we want to strengthen, particularly on wealth management. [Technical difficulty] already been focused on team lift outs. We see some of that and there may be other opportunities to further strengthen our hand in wealth management. That's the way to think about it Ebrahim. Thank you.

[Indiscernible]. Thank you, Victor. Thanks, Frank.

Thank you. A following question in from Meny Grauman from Scotiabank. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning, I want to ask about the loan sell that you did in the U.S office portfolio. Are there more -- is there more potential for long tails in that specific portfolio? And more broadly, are there other portfolios where that the strategy would be appropriate in your view?

Good morning, Meny, it's Shawn. Thanks for the question. So as we've talked about, over the last several quarters, we've been looking at various strategies as we work through challenges in the office portfolio that's included extensions, that's included short sales, and earlier in the year, we identified a portfolio of 8 loans that we thought made sense to expose to the market and see what kind of attention and interest that would generate. We were very pleased with the level of better interest and the execution that we ultimately completed, which was in line with our expectations. So we continue to look at all of those strategies as we work through the portfolio and any challenges. And these aren't unique strategies in terms of how they can be employed in other circumstances. So we continue to evaluate the portfolio on an ongoing basis and look for best execution in order to optimize the outcome.

Thanks for that Shawn. Just as a follow-up, in terms of the characteristics of that portfolio that you sold either regionally and then from a credit perspective relative to the -- sort of the average credit performance to the overall U.S office portfolio.

Yes. So these were loans that were -- I mean, 7 of 8 of them were impaired at the time that we took them to market. So they would have been some of our more troubled assets. And we presented it as a portfolio as it happens, we got best [ph] execution by splitting it up into a few different sales transactions. And again, we're very pleased with the outcome.

Thanks for that.

Thank you. A following question is from Sohrab Movahedi from BMO Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

Okay. Thank you very much. I wanted to go back to comments Rob made about momentum in the markets related businesses. And see if I could get to be both Harry and Jon to talk a little bit about how they see that momentum for the Wealth and Capital Markets businesses over the coming quarters. Thank you.

Hi, good morning. It's Harry. Just a couple of comments on the outlook perhaps. As you know this is a very well diversified strategy. And so as we saw slowdown perhaps in some of the lending and deposit areas of our product capabilities, we saw growth in other areas. And Victor mentioned some of those areas in terms of the M&A space, the underwriting revenue and across global markets, we're seeing some good activity. So I would say that the pipeline is strong. Our clients are -- the activity is very robust, and you're seeing some of [technical difficulty] 20% this quarter, and for the first half of the year. We're really focused on driving towards those Investor Day targets that we laid out. We're quite confident that we can achieve those while maintaining a very robust ROE and mix ratio that street leading. So we're quite confident. The environment is such that we can continue to [technical difficulty] diversified manner and drive the results that you've been seeing [technical difficulty] Jon, make a couple of comments.

Thank you, Harry and good morning, Sohrab. So on the wealth side, the first 6 months, interest markets have been good. I don't think [technical difficulty] same level, but still positive overall. Our investment performance is solid. The big differentiator for us, I think, is financial. That would be one. We're getting better. We've been at it for a while now. We're getting better at doing this digitally. Our advisors are getting better. Our focus on Imperial Service is paying off. [Technical difficulty] in the numbers. So everything we've laid out, our plans, they're working as we expected. Then the other leg of our strategy on wealth is just the referral volumes we do. Both between retail and wealth, but also between commercial and wealth. Again, we think that's differentiated on the street. We think it's helping us. We think M&A is going to get better in the back half, it's been pretty quiet. So again, as companies get sold, proceeds come in and the referral process works. I think it'll be good for our wealth business. So again, generally pretty positive on the back half.

So, Rob, I mean, prior -- obviously not exactly before COVID, but if you think about pre-COVID years, maybe you were in the low 50, maybe around 50-50 between spread income and fee income. When you looked at your total revenues, I think for the last few quarters, it's been obviously more skewed towards spread income. Do you see that over the next 4, 6 quarters kind of staying at current levels? Or do you see that gravitating to closer to a 50-50?

Thanks, Sohrab. It's Rob. So the strategy absolutely would have us migrate more towards fee based income over time. As you think about the next 4, 6 quarters, everything from benchmark reform, which is actually pushing some revenue from credit fees into NII to the [indiscernible] strategy that I talked about earlier delivering some help on the margin side. The ability to move that in the shorter term from a balanced perspective might be a little challenged. But in terms of the strategy itself, the focus on growing fee based income, in balance with other income with NII, excuse me, is absolutely part of the strategy, but in the short term, it may not play out quite that way.

Thank you for taking my call.

Thank you. A following question is from Nigel D'Souza from Veritas Investment Research. Please go ahead.

Good morning. Thank you for taking my question. I wanted to confirm that the outlook for credit losses. Is that based on an expectation of a [indiscernible] interest rate environment. I don't think [indiscernible] touched on interest rate outlook. And I noticed that your service ratio forecast was revised lower [indiscernible] on interest rate. And also any potential for loss rates on your commercial portfolio decreased for the remainder of the year.

Yes, Nigel, thanks for the question. Yes. Mid 30s guidance for the fiscal year '24 includes a variety of scenarios and includes a variety of scenarios also from an interest rate. I'm now and have been working through the portfolios and working with our clients in those portfolios. Specifically to the DSR ratios where you saw some moderate changes from an FLI [ph] perspective is not so much driven by interest rate decreases, it's much more driven by continued strong income numbers driving DSRs down slightly for our clients from an FLI [ph] perspective. We only had been very cautious and put in very moderate interest rate cuts into our plans. We also expected to will -- it will take some time before the impact of the interest rate cuts will fully migrate into some of our losses. So it will take some time even from when the interest rates -- rate cuts come. And as such, we feel very comfortable with our mid 30s guidance under a variety of scenarios.

If I could touch really quickly on U.S commercial real estate, any comments on the risks outside of office [indiscernible] some regional banks take potential losses on family or life sciences [technical difficulty]. Any color on the portfolio [technical difficulty] U.S office and in [technical difficulty]?

Yes. As you can imagine you watch those sectors and industries are also very close to [technical difficulty] our multifamily loan portfolio is very stable, well diversified, very low NPS balances in the portfolio. We do not [technical difficulty] anything to make in their portfolio. And what I would say very different than office demands those asset classes remain strong even though we see some pressures on short-term rental rates, even though you see some pressure on cap rates, [technical difficulty] remains very strong. And we don't expect this to translate into anything similar to office, even though we are watching it very, very closely.

That's it for me. Thank you.

Thank you. A following question is from Lemar Persaud from Cormark Securities. Please go ahead.

Yes, thanks. Maybe for Rob on expenses. Just looking at your waterfall on Slide 10, that divestiture related to CIBC Caribbean assets, is that in the operating cost bucket, that 170?

It is. Lemar, good morning. It's Rob. It is roughly $0.02 a share. It's a non-recurring expense as were the exit closed just recently. So it's included in that number.

Okay, thanks. And then just sticking with that same question, that mid single-digit expense growth target, do you think you could get there even with some strength in the markets related business? Or is that mid single-digit subject to what happens in capital markets?

Well, it is -- we do think mid single-digit is the right range for it. But having said that, as you pointed out, when performance based compensation is the item that's lifting our overall expense outlook, we're actually okay with it, right? The revenues come up. Some of the expenses come along for the ride, but on a net basis, it's a positive for shareholders. So if revenues continue to outperform, could there be some upward pressure on our expense on that expense number? Yes. Are we concerned about it? No. I think what you're seeing on the slide, very much thematically linked, the efficiencies in the investments that we're making. That part we try to control very tightly. The operating costs, we try to control very tightly. But in terms of investing for growth, and then seeing that growth, having a little bit of higher expense growth come with it, we think it's ultimately a positive for shareholders.

Thank you.

Thank you. A following question is from Gabriel Dechaine from National Bank Financial. Please go ahead.

Good morning. I have a detailed accounting question for Rob. My question is on mortgages. It seems like the pace of -- the 30-year plus amortization balances, they've been declining, but it seems like the pace has slowed. I don't know if I'm reading too much into it just more of a macro type question, whether it's getting tougher to get people to increase their payments or take other actions to get back on track, so to speak, because of inflation and stuff like that. And just more broadly, what is your process and how easy or difficult is it?

Yes, I think it is a very proactive process and it is very thorough conversations with clients that we are having on an ongoing basis. You're right. We are seeing that drop decelerating, or the speed of how it comes down decelerating a little bit. It is still a good drop. And all of that keep in mind is clients making voluntary payments. Contractually, they are not obliged to do that. And this is just good financial planning we do with our clients. Actually, we expected that to come down over time, because of course, there's clients that have -- they have an easier time of making those payments. But we also see some more sophisticated clients in that portfolio that are just saying I want to wait it out and are waiting for interest rates to drop and helping on that part. And those are good conversations as well, because those are reasonable arguments that clients can bring forward. And as I said, again, all of those are voluntary adjustments that clients are making based on good financial planning.

And are you stepping it up, so to speak, to try to get that number down even more. Or are you just kind of -- normal course, what you've been doing over the past year or so?

Well, we have been very proactive. We started our efforts early. I don't think we are letting down on our efforts. But they're also not a lot of what we have seen that would give us reason to really stepping it up or forcing those discussions more broadly. Overall, the portfolio is performing well. When we look into deposit cushion -- cushions, even for those non-amortizing mortgages, clients owe a substantial incremental liquid assets in their portfolio, that would carry them at least 6 to 7 months of payments. So there would be room for doing that. But we -- I wouldn't say we will accelerate that, we will just keep it as a constant proactive outreach to those clients.

Got it. Thanks.

Gabe, it's very consistent with our strategy. Our strategy is to help each and every one of our clients and the output of that is reflected in our financial statements. But more importantly, in our clients financial statements. The approach we have at our bank is the relationship oriented approach, whether that's Main Street, Canada, affluent Canada, wealthy Canada, business owners, corporate executives, that's how we operate at CIBC. It is not product driven. It's relationship driven. It's planning driven, and done right, it reflects well on our clients financials and done right, it reflects in our own financials. And that we take great pride in and that's what you're seeing in our results.

All right. Thanks, Victor.

Thank you. There are no further questions registered at this time. I would now like to turn the meeting back over to Victor.

Thank you, operator and thank you for your engagement today. As I said just now, our recent relative outperformance is a direct outcome of delivering consistency for all of our stakeholders starting with our clients. We're going to continue to build the modern relationship oriented back bank that we've set out on the path to build while maintaining our financial strength and maintaining our risk discipline. Again, hallmarks of what you're seeing in our results this quarter and in several quarters now. I'd like to thank our 48,000 CIBC team members. I like to thank our executive team and our leadership team who work collaboratively to bring our purpose driven culture to life every single day. The success of what you're seeing at CIBC is a team effort possible with a dedication from everyone of our team members. We are motivated and we are excited to keep delivering for you, our stakeholders. And we look forward to reporting on our progress in August and clearly engaging with you between now and then. Thank you for your interest in our bank. Have a great day and good upcoming weekend. Cheers.

Thank you. The conference has now ended. Please disconnect your lines at this time, and we thank you for your participation.