Good morning. My name is Gary, and I will be your conference facilitator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the American Axle & Manufacturing First Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speakers' remarks, there will be a question-and-answer period. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, today's call is being recorded. I would now like to turn the call over to Mr. David Lim, Head of Investor Relations. Please go ahead, Mr. Lim.

Thank you, and good morning. I'd like to welcome everyone who is joining us on AAM's first quarter earnings call. Earlier this morning, we released our first quarter of 2025 earnings announcement. You can access this announcement on the Investor Relations page of our website, www.aam.com, and through the PR Newswire services. You can also find supplemental slides for this conference call on the Investor Page of our website as well. To listen to a replay of this call, you can dial 877-344-7529, replay access code 3492897. This replay will be available through May 9. Before we begin, I'd like to remind everyone that the matters discussed in this call may contain comments and forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties, which cannot be predicted or quantified and which may cause future activities and results of operations to differ materially from those discussed. For additional information, please reference to Slide 2 of our investor presentation or the press release that was issued today. Also, during this call, we may refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures. Information regarding these non-GAAP measures as well as a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures to GAAP financial information is available in the presentation. Today's call is not intended and does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to subscribe for or buy securities of AAM or Dowlais in any jurisdiction where such offers or solicitations are not permitted by law. The subject matter of today's call will be addressed in the proxy statement that will be filed with the SEC. Investors should read the information in the proxy statement in its entirety when it becomes available. Information regarding the participants and the proxy solicitation is contained in AAM's case in AAM's annual proxy materials filed with the SEC and in Dowlais' case in Dowlais' equivalent filings and announcements made in accordance with applicable U.K. law. With that, let me turn things over to AAM's Chairman and CEO, David Dauch.

Thank you, David, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us today to discuss AAM's financial results for the first quarter of 2025. Joining me on the call today is Chris May, AAM's Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. To begin my comments, I'll review the highlights of our first quarter financial performance. Next, I'll touch on some AAM business updates, commentary about the industry and guidance. After Chris covers the details of our financial results, we will open up the call for any questions that you may have. So, let's begin. AAM's first quarter 2025 sales were $1.41 billion. AAM's adjusted earnings per share was $0.09 per share. Operating cash flow was $55.9 million, and adjusted free cash flow was a use of $3.9 million. North American production was down approximately 5% year-over-year. From a profitability perspective, AAM's adjusted EBITDA in the first quarter was $177 million or 12.6% of sales. On a sequential basis, adjusted EBITDA margin improved approximately 100 basis points based on our trend of a positive operational performance and continued cost controls. Let me talk about some business updates, which you can see on Slide 4. In the quarter, we exited our Hefei AAM automotive and Liuzhou AAM Automotive joint ventures in China. As a result, we collected approximately $30 million in cash. These exits were a result of a comprehensive analysis of our product portfolio plan which balances numerous factors, including the focus on our core businesses and capital allocation. In addition, we also received approval from the Competition Commission of India, otherwise known as CCI, to proceed forward with our previously announced sale of our AAM commercial vehicle axle business to Bharat Forge Limited. Our expectation is that this deal will close in the second quarter of 2025. Next, I'd like…

Thank you, David, and good morning to everyone. I will cover the financial details of our first quarter 2025 results and our updated guidance with you today. I will also refer to the earnings slide deck as part of my prepared comments. So, let's go ahead and begin with sales. In the first quarter of 2025, AAM sales were $1.41 billion compared to $1.61 billion in the first quarter of 2024. Slide 8 shows a walk of first quarter 2024 sales to first quarter 2025 sales. Volume mix and other was lower by $166 million, primarily driven by lower overall volumes in North America. Metal market pass-throughs and FX lowered sales by approximately $28 million. More than half of this is related to foreign exchange, particularly from a weaker Brazilian real. Now, let's move on to profitability. Gross profit was $173.9 million in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to $198.5 million in the first quarter of 2024. For the first quarter of 2025, adjusted EBITDA was $177.3 million, and adjusted EBITDA margin was 12.6% versus $205.6 million and 12.8% last year. You can see the year-over-year walk down of adjusted EBITDA on Slide 9. In the quarter, adjusted EBITDA was lower due to volume mix and other by $44 million versus the prior year, resulting in a decremental margin related to sales volume of approximately 27%. R&D was slightly lower year-over-year and performance and other was favorable to adjusted EBITDA by $13 million, driven primarily by operational improvements within our metal form business unit. Even with lower sales, the metal form EBITDA margin improved 150 basis points year-over-year and 370 basis points quarter-over-quarter. This performance is demonstrating our continued productivity improvements are driving profitability uplift. We continue to be very positive on the momentum of performance for both…

Thank you, Chris and David. We have reserved some time to take questions. I would ask that you please limit your questions to no more than two. So at this time, please feel free to proceed with any questions you may have.

[Operator Instructions] The first question is from Joe Spak with UBS. Please go ahead.

Good morning. I guess I just want to, I guess, start the conversation talking about how you're thinking about some potential future contingencies. I know you mentioned you do have some excess capacity in the U.S., like maybe you could give us a sense as to sort of what utilization is there. And then, even if you wanted to sort of up that, I know about a year ago, we were sort of talking about some labor challenges. So, is that something else we need to consider in that situation?

Yeah, Joe, this is David. Good morning to you. Obviously, our policy is to buy and build local like we've communicated. So, we want -- our products are larger products. We want to be in close proximities to our customers. That's what we've done. That's what we'll continue to do. What we need to do is just get clarity from the government and our OEMs, to be honest with you, not only their long-range financial -- or long-range product plans but also their plant loading and product requirements. And then from there, we'll make the necessary adjustments that we need to make to support our business and do to, like I said in my opening comments, in concert with the customers. We try to drive high capacity utilization in our facilities. But we do have some open capacity in Three Rivers. We exited out of program. So we have some open capacity in our Three Rivers facility that we could accommodate. At the same time, we have some open capacity in a couple of other smaller facilities that we can make some adjustments and realign our operations where we moved some of our component and machining operations to maybe some of the smaller plants to free up open space in the larger plants, more of the assembly operations. And then, as I mentioned, with Dowlais, assuming that, that deal goes through at the end of the year here, we'll pick up even more capacity in the U.S., which will give us more of an opportunity to work with that. Overall, we always try to drive our capacity utilization at a minimum to that 85% level. But obviously, we've got a little bit of latitude there that we'll work with our customers, and we're willing to make the necessary adjustments that we need to, to support our customers on a go-forward basis. On the labor side of things, the labor situation has improved. I wouldn't say it's fixed. Obviously, everyone's got to pay at market to be able to attract the appropriate talent. But even with that being said, if more jobs are required to come back to the states that I think it's also going to require a greater level of robotics and automation to be able to deal with things on a go-forward basis. And quite honestly, we're doing a lot of that already ourselves. But at the same time, if we need to add incremental volume to that, then we'll accelerate those initiatives even further. Hopefully, that addresses your question.

Yeah. Thanks for that. The second question is -- and again, I'm not sure what you can say here, although presumably, you have been doing diligence on this as well. But can you help us understand what some of the tariff exposure would look like for Dowlais?

Yeah, Joe, this is Chris. I'll take that. In terms of Dowlais exposure, obviously, they need to comment on them as a stand-alone company. We're not at liberty to speak on their behalf. However, if you look at their footprint, in many cases, very similar to us. They have U.S. production, Mexico production. They also have a European footprint, and they're managing their tariff exposure in a very similar way that we are. And as David mentioned, so combined will bring us even more, I would call it, size and scale and production locations to navigate through exactly the same items that we're talking about here today. So we actually see some benefits as we combine together in this topic.

Thanks for that.

The next question is from Edison Yu with Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking our questions.

Good morning.

So, first off, GM obviously had earnings this week, and they seem pretty, I would say, positive on the volume outlook. Are you incorporating that in the assumptions in the guidance on the full-sized trucks?

Yeah, Edison. So, underpinning our guidance, as I mentioned in some of my prepared comments, was 1.3 million to 1.4 million units on the full-size truck platform. As you know, that's been a very, very strong platform over the last couple of years. We typically, I would say, are bullish on that platform. I think the results have shown that over the last couple of years as well. As we think about that platform stepping into the year, it's really broken down into, I would call it, three components. Their light-duty their heavy-duty and their SUV applications. And if you think about the core products we support, especially on the heavy-duty side, very strong demand. Of course, built here in Flint, Michigan. They have also some capacity and production in Canada to serve that market. Again, strong demand from that. We don't see that really waning on the heavy-duty side. The SUV has been very strong demand built in Arlington, Texas, which is great, and we continue to supply and support that operation. And then on the light-duty side, they have a few assembly plants to support that. Demand still seems to be robust, and we supply all of their assembly plants to support that. But we are generally very bullish on that platform, and we continue to expect good solid demand, but we did articulate at least a range inside of our guidance on how we think about that.

Understood. And then second question on Dowlais, I know you reiterated the timing and I believe the votes will be -- both votes will be in the third quarter. How has the kind of macro volatility around policy affected it? It seems like it hasn't had much impact, but curious if you can maybe comment on or give us a view on if this has a kind of delayed or made it more tricky the process?

This is David. It doesn't make the process any more complicated. I think as Chris indicated, they've got a similar policy that we do to try to buy and build local in the region. They've obviously got to navigate their USMCA compliance as well. As Chris also indicated, and we identified as part of the synergistic opportunity, we also think that there's in-sourcing opportunities that we can leverage each other's strengths. But in the meantime, we have to operate as two independent companies and make those decisions independently on our own. But as we come together, then obviously, we'll take advantage of those opportunities leverage the required footprints that are in place. But back to your original question as far as how does the policy impacted? I think they're no different than any other supplier right now. We're all just trying to get clarity from the government on the policies and the direction, understand the impact that it has on each of the individual OEMs because it varies by OEM so that we can put the right plans in place to support our customers.

Great. Thank you.

The next question is from Itay Michaeli with TD Cowen. Please go ahead.

Hey, this is Justin on for Itay. Thanks for taking the question. So, a quick one on just general customer schedules. How are things looking near-term-wise? We've heard from a bunch of other suppliers, just looking to get your view on near-term production schedules.

What I would say on the customer schedule side of things, we did start seeing a little bit more volatility at the end of the first quarter, beginning here in the second quarter. Again, largely due to what's going on with the tariff policy issues that are out there. And again, I would just need to understand and get clarity so we can plan our businesses is really what it comes down to. But there is volatility that's in the schedules. Some programs are running very solid, very strong, and we're experiencing that ourselves where we have very strong schedules at this point in time. We had some softening in the first quarter largely because of some inventory adjustments or some launches that were going on with some of our key customers, but those are starting to subside. But there is some volatility that's found its way into the schedule, no doubt about it.

And Justin, this is Chris. We're keeping a close eye on the end of the second quarter, July shutdown activity. But as David mentioned, some of our core platforms running strong. However, we are keeping a little bit of eye towards the end of the second quarter, July shutdown.

Yeah. And some of the customers have taken certain assembly plants down, that's impacted multiple suppliers. Fortunately, for us, we haven't been impacted as much by that, and we're benefiting from the strong performance of the key platforms that we're on.

Perfect. Definitely appreciate the color there. Maybe at the low end -- for my second question, the low end of the North America production into the $14 million, any key assumptions in there outside of the GM programs that you might be baking in for key program exposure? Just maybe better trying to understand the low end of that range relative to the revision on the low end of the sales guide?

Yeah. As we talk about the implications for the low end, Justin, I would say, aside from our positioning on the full-size truck for General Motors. Obviously, our second largest platform is the Ram Heavy Duty. They had a low volume production as they were stepping into their next generation of product in the first quarter, and they continue to step through that. But we still, generally speaking, think of that as a fairly robust platform. Absent those two programs for our guidance as we think about the low end, we generally took a broad-based approach to overall reductions across most platforms to get to the lower end.

Perfect. Thank you so much for the color. Appreciate it.

The next question is from Tom Narayan with RBC. Please go ahead.

Hi. Thanks for taking the questions. So, currently, the tariff policies that's awarded says USMCA compliant parts are exempt from tariffs. But then there's kind of room for further evaluation, I guess, from the administration on potentially further U.S. contenting. But it sounds like you guys -- not just you guys, it sounds like everybody is assuming that this sticks, and in this event, the direct tariff impact to you guys is quite limited. Is that fair to say?

Under the current USMCA regime, yeah, I would tell you, based upon our imports from Mexico and Canada, yeah, reasonably limited. Though as I mentioned in some of our prepared remarks, we do bring product in from outside of the North America region, not a lot, but some. So it's probably a few plus million a month of, I would call it, tariff payment or tariff expense that we're working to mitigate and/or pass along into our customer base, and it sort of sits today.

And then just kind of a fuzzy question. This week, there seems to be kind of somewhat of a sentiment shift probably since the Tuesday administration policy adjustment. We've heard it from some OEMs reporting results this week as well that sounds more kind of constructive or optimistic that the administration perhaps is looking to -- with some more nuance as it relates to the U.S. auto industry. It's not an actual specific American Axle specific question, but I'd love to hear your guys' thoughts on this kind of at a high level, if you would agree or share that sentiment. Thanks.

Tom, this is David. Listen, Trump is doing exactly what he said he was going to do when he was campaigning as he wants to build a strong manufacturing base in the U.S. He wants to support and strengthen the U.S. auto industry. He wants to bring jobs back to America and strengthen our economy. We're going through a bumpy road right now. We all just seem to be patient and work our way through this whole thing together and not overreact. At the same time, when we get to the other side, I think America will be much stronger. At the same time, he's driving a lot of investment by foreign companies into the U.S. instead of a lot of money going offshore, it's going to stay in the U.S. and it's going to create those jobs for Americans here. I mean part of the concern, it was kind of raised by Joe earlier, is labor availability. There's a lot of open jobs today. That's why I think automation, robotics and other things are going to have to come into play in order to be able to support the amount of jobs that potentially can be created with the policies that are put into place. But make no mistake, I mean, Trump is just attacking the tariff and balance that existed for decades. And he's just trying to level the playing field to give the U.S. auto industry and other industries for that matter, a competitive-playing filed or a level-playing field to do business on. And if we didn't, then there is a risk of some of those businesses being at risk longer term. And so, overall, I'm very supportive of what he's doing or we're supportive of what he's doing. It has created some issues as far as additional work for all of us. But at the same time, you do what you need to do to manage through these tough times. But at the same time, as we said in our comments, Chris and I, together, we see this as an ultimate positive when it's all said and done, and we think that we can actually gain business, especially through our metal forming business with a lot of the onshoring and the reshoring that needs to take place here. So, we're just staying true to our policies and our procedures about buying and building local. We're trying to leverage our capacities wherever needed and we're coming to our customers with solutions to help them address some of the concerns and some of the issues that exist right now. So that's my view, Chris, I don't know if you have anything else you want to comment on.

[indiscernible] exactly.

All right. Thanks a lot.

Yeah, thank you.

The next question is from James Picariello with BNP Paribas. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning, guys.

Hi, James.

My question is on GM. They announced the 50,000 annualized units moving from Mexico to their Fort Wayne plant. And just curious, will they be able to in-source -- like fully in-source and support those axles? Or is there a situation whereby you guys come in and supply the full driveline system at the Fort Wayne plant?

Yes. I mean, Fort Wayne today is being supported by both AAM and General Motors. So yes, there's an incremental volume that's going there. At the same time, GM has got contractual obligations, and we'd expect them to honor those contractual obligations. But as I said earlier, we'll work collectively with our customer in this case, GM, to manage that opportunity there. But they're responding appropriately to what Trump has asked them to do in regards to looking at bringing certain work back to the U.S., plus they're also mitigating their own financial exposure due to the tariffs. We respect all those decisions, and we'll support our customer whatever way we need to on this going forward. But we do supply all the GM assembly plants around North America based on the portfolio that we have in place and the plans that we have in place. So, we're supplying Fort Wayne, Arlington, Flint, Oshawa and [indiscernible], so -- but we'll just have to work that out with the customer as we get a little bit more clarity.

So, the content for AAM is very similar in terms of the Mexico versus Fort Wayne?

Absolutely. At the same time, GM only has so much installed capacity on the axle side based on the agreements that we have. And like I said, there's contractual obligations there as well. But we'll work with them if they permanently reload things, we'll have to have those discussions about what we need to do on a go-forward basis.

Got it. And then, just a housecleaning thing. I think I missed the clarification. The business that you sold in the first quarter here that shows up in the cash flow statement. Is that -- is the India business that, that we talked about likely getting sold in the second half, or is it something different?

This is not the India business. This is our interest in two joint ventures in China that we sold, we received proceeds of about $30 million. For the India sale of our commercial vehicle axle business, that will be in the second quarter. That's in addition to the activities in the first quarter.

Perfect. Thank you.

Next question is from Dan Levy with Barclays. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking the questions. I want to follow up on the questions on modifying footprint. And maybe you could just talk about some of the CapEx considerations. Obviously, I see your CapEx here is maintained, but how do you think about the potential magnitude of CapEx changes ahead? And what is the potential for that to be reimbursed by your customers?

Yeah, Dan, it's too early to speculate what that CapEx number may be because we don't have clarity yet. At the same time, we're in a capital-intensive business, and we try not to have a lot of excess capacity sitting around trying to keep our assets utilized. Obviously, as I said, we'll do it in close coordination with the customer, whether it's GM or other customers based on what they decide their plan, their production footprint is going to be on a go-forward basis. And clearly, we -- if there's new investments that are being put into place, we would expect some recovery and sharing of that responsibility. But it's a partnership. We got to work together.

Okay. But in the context of the CapEx for the last few years, which has actually been held in really well, I guess it's too early to tell if there's going to be some sort of a CapEx bubble if there's some catch-up on that, correct? Just maybe some context on how it's helped.

Yeah. No. I mean, we've guided that our CapEx to be approximately 5% of sales. We've demonstrated a very strong discipline in the last several years to operate at that number or below, but that doesn't contemplate any footprint type moves and stuff that may be impacted as a result of the tariff matters. And obviously, we'll evaluate all the CapEx, if there's other requirements that come in that will rebalance some of the CapEx to minimize that impact as best we can or spread it out over multiple years to be able to accommodate what we need to do. But clearly, the number one thing we need is just clarity from our customers in regards to their manufacturing footprint and then we can plan our businesses appropriately. The other thing that we just need to understand and we're getting more clarity is that parts that are USMCA compliant they're not suspect to the tariffs, which gives us a lot of flexibility with the existing installed capacity that we have.

The next question is from John Murphy with Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Good morning, guys.

Hi, John.

I just wanted to follow up on that, because I mean customs put a letter out yesterday, basically indicated that USMCA compliant parts were not going to be tariff for the foreseeable future, and that seems like that's kind of the letter of where this is right now. Is that your understanding? And where is this $100 million rest of world import coming from? I'm assuming non-China, but just trying to understand what the levels are there.

Yeah. That's our understanding, John, is that no tariffs for USMCA compliant parts. That's why we're trying to make sure that we have over about 90% of our product that's USMCA compliant today. We're working to mitigate the remaining balance. At the same time, the Trump administration hinted around about giving credit only for U.S. content. So we're mapping our supply base right now to make sure that we can understand what's USMCA compliant versus U.S. content compliant so that we can mitigate any future impact on a go-forward basis. So, yeah, so we see it as positive news based on what we heard the other day. But at the same time, we have to prepare ourselves because of the comments that were made earlier about only giving benefits on the U.S. content, because there's still potential that, that could be instituted. But right now, we're focused on just the USMCA compliance and making sure that we get all of our parts there and work on substitutions where we required, work on reshoring where required or work with OEMs where we have some direct-to-buy components to deal with some of those matters.

And John, this is Chris. Second part of your question, I think, related to the $100 million rest of world exposures. So I think countries like India, Korea and some others, to a lesser extent. But that would not include China. We have very, very little exposure at all to China.

Got it. Okay. And hopefully, that letter from customs yesterday holds because that means that you're in very good shape and don't need to do much if anything at all here in North America. One other, yes, I mean it seems like it's going to hold and you're fine. You don't have to move anything. On CARB and EVs, I mean, this is just not being discussed, but it's almost as consequential to the business at large or maybe even more consequential depending on where you sit in the value chain. But this cancellation of CARB and a significant slowdown in EVs, I'm just curious what you think that means to your business sort of mid- and long term? And what it means as far as maybe pulling back on R&D and other capital commitments that are not having much payoff, if at all, particularly in North America? What does that -- what do you think that means? And how do you kind of think about that in your planning going forward?

So, John, this is David. I'll make some comments first, then open it up to Chris. But clearly, if we see ICE and hybrid activity continuing longer, I mean, that's a good thing for us because we already have installed assets and have more volume going across those assets. So that's a big positive for us. It will help us generate even more cash flow to be able to support what we need to do to fill out and complete our EV portfolio. Clearly, part of the acquisition at Dowlais that's important to us is expanding our EV capability and developing a more agnostic product portfolio. We have trimmed down some of our ER&D expenses year-over-year based on the fact that we have a lot of our electrification strategy put into place, but we do have some more to do. So, there's still work that's there. With that being said, we've been very selective about what electrification programs we'll go after and with which customers and on which platforms. And we're also trying to protect ourselves with respect to the appropriate terms and conditions because of the volatility that exists on the acceptance rates by consumers, especially here in North America. Electrifications here, it's only going to grow. It's just not going to grow at the rate that the prognosticators were forecasting earlier. The consumer has spoken, and it's going to take a lot longer. And ICE and hybrid are going to be here for decades. While EV is going to gain market share on a go-forward basis, it will be at a much slower ramp in North America than what people were projecting or predicting.

David, I'm sorry, just to sneak one follow-up in there. It's fair to say that ICE program extensions are net positive for American Axle because there's some debate on that?

Absolutely.

I'm not sure. I think they have a very clear [indiscernible]. We have a very strong installed capital base. We'll be able to leverage for a very long time, which will generate a lot of cash and profitability off of that. Your core operations are focusing on productivity on existing products. I mean there's nothing but good.

I agree. All right. Thank you very much, guys.

Thanks, John.

Thank you, gentlemen. Your last question comes from Doug Karson with Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Hey, guys. Thanks so much for sneaking me in here at the end. It wouldn't be a fun day without talking about the balance sheet for a moment. With the completion of this transaction, which looks like it's a green light, can you just reiterate like how you want to structure the balance sheet as far as leverage? And then, I have a more open-ended question considering you guys have been in the industry for my entire career. The OEMs are contemplating bringing back your potential assembly plants or various production. How hard do you think that's going to really be? I know it's hard to make a comment on that. But I mean in my career, that's been a really slow process to move plants around. And I'm just kind of wondering like how you think about it when you're like at the watercooler like sharing ideas.

This is David. Let me start with the second question first and then Chris can cover the other question. We just talked earlier in regards to some of the OEMs evaluating what needs to be done. Listen, that's not an easy task, right? It's been decades to build up the infrastructure in the facility and the footprint that OEMs have and for that matter, suppliers as well. And it's billions of dollars to try to build a brand-new assembly plant, and it takes time to do that as well. So, it's not like these jobs can move immediately. Some jobs can move based on line rate increases or if there's open capacity at an existing facility. But plants aren't just sitting there except waiting, they have to be retooled or built in their entirety for that. So this will take years to do. But at the same time, I think what the Trump administration is looking for is jobs to come back to the U.S., commitments made by OEMs, and he's obviously having discussions with each of the OEMs. You've seen the amount of commitments that have been made both from the Detroit 3 as well as the international OEMs. A lot of investment already been announced and jobs to be created, it's just a matter of the timing to ultimately complete those initiatives that are taking place. So, I think the intent that Trump has to bring work back to the U.S. is working. It's just -- it's going to be costly and it's going to be timely in order to be able to get that done. And like I said, it just doesn't happen overnight. Obviously, we've got a global footprint and infrastructure. We leverage that to try to buy and bill local for the local markets. And as Chris said, what we're making in Mexico is for the most part consumed in Mexico or a large part of it. Same thing here in the U.S. But we'll balance that based on what the needs are and what the requirements are of the administration and our customers.

Yeah, Doug, this is Chris. Let's dial back over -- back to your first part of your question on the balance sheet as it relates to the larger transaction with Dowlais. We're in great shape from that perspective. The bridge has been syndicated. We have now amended and adjusted our core revolver as a stand-alone company for AAM, but also it's positioned very well now for the transaction to put us plenty of capacity where we need there from $1.5 billion in terms of revolver capacity. But we're very focused also on having a nice maturity table at close. I think we'll accomplish that once we go to market near the end of the year when we close the transaction. And then, we're heavily focused, as you know, on leverage. So today, a stand-alone American Axle, we closed March at 2.9 times. Our goal, at least at close of the transaction for -- with Dowlais would be to be approximately leverage neutral to that. And as we go forward, our primary source of our cash flow, obviously, is from our operations and the strong synergy opportunity that we'll see. That cash flow in turn will then delever the company the objective an initial step, if you will, to 2.5 times. At that point, we'll continue to delever the company further. However, we'll also open up the capital allocation playbook at that level to, I'll call it, other shareholder type activity. But deleveraging and strengthening the balance sheet is a top priority for us today as a stand-alone company. It will be a top priority for us as a combined company together.

Thanks. And it seems that with the additional new business that the delevering could potentially even be accelerated from the prior plan. It sounds like that. And if that's true, that would be great.

Yeah. Agree.

Thanks, guys.

All right, thanks, Doug.

Thanks, Doug.

Thank you, Doug, and we thank all of you who have participated on this call, and we look forward to talking with you soon in the future. Thank you.

The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.