Earnings Labs

Eastman Chemical Company (EMN)

Q1 2015 Earnings Call· Fri, May 1, 2015

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Transcript

Operator

Operator

Please stand by we're about to begin. Good day, everyone and welcome to the Eastman Chemical Company First Quarter 2015 Earnings Conference Call. Today's conference is being recorded. This call is being broadcast live on Eastman's website, www.eastman.com. We will now turn the call over to Mr. Greg Riddle of Eastman Chemical Company, Investor Relations. Please go ahead, sir.

Gregory A. Riddle - Vice President, Investor Relations

Management

Okay. Thank you, Mara, and good morning, everyone, and thanks very much for joining us. On the call with me today are Mark Costa, Chairman and CEO; Curt Espeland, Executive Vice President and CFO; and Louis Reavis, Manager of Investor Relations. Before we begin, I'll cover two items. First, during this presentation, you will hear certain forward-looking statements concerning our plans and expectations. Actual events or results could differ materially. Certain factors related to future expectations are or will be detailed in the company's first quarter 2015 financial results news release, and in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Form 10-Q filed for 2014 and the Form 10-Q to be filed for first quarter 2015. Second, earnings per share, operating earnings and EBITDA referenced in this presentation exclude certain non-core or non-recurring costs, charges and gains. A reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure and other associated disclosures, including a description of excluded items, are available in the first quarter 2015 financial results news release and in the Appendix to the slides that accompany our remarks this morning, both of which can be found on our website, www.eastman.com in the Investor Section. Projections of future earnings in the presentation also exclude such items as described in the first quarter financial results news release. And with that, I'll turn the call over to Mark. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Good morning, everyone. It's a beautiful day in Kingsport. We're putting another tough winter behind us and we can see everything blooming. I'll start on page three. We had a strong start to the year with our first quarter results. We've made solid progress in executing our strategy to become the leading specialty chemical company. This progress is the result of a…

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Okay. Thanks, Mark, and good morning, everyone. I'll start with our first quarter results on slide six. Overall sales revenue increased primarily due to revenue from the businesses we acquired in 2014. This was partially offset by lower selling prices, which largely reflected lower raw material and energy costs, and, to a lesser extent, foreign exchange rates. Our operating earnings increased as we largely were able to hold on to value in the quarter, reflecting the specialty and special position nature of a significant portion of our portfolio. Earnings from acquired businesses were also key contributors. These were partially offset by lower earnings in our fiber segment, an unfavorable shift in foreign exchange rates and propane hedges that we discussed previously. As Mark mentioned, our operating margin increased by 120 basis points, which is an excellent result despite difficult business conditions. Earnings per share increased 14% year-over-year primarily reflecting higher earnings and lower share count; overall, a very strong quarter where we delivered earnings growth. Moving next to the segment results, starting with Additives & Functional Products on slide seven. Revenue increased due to sales of the acquired Taminco businesses, partially offset by lower selling prices due to lower raw material and energy costs. Operating earnings increased due to earnings from acquired businesses, partially offset by the impact of currency and propane hedges. As we look at second quarter, we expect strong volume growth sequentially due to normal seasonality and improving building and construction market, particularly in the U.S., and improving demand for tires as they're anticipated to grow particularly in Europe and North America. We also expect solid growth for the full year, especially in our transportation, building and construction and personal care markets. We, therefore, continue to expect strong full-year earnings growth for Additives & Functional Products due…

Gregory A. Riddle - Vice President, Investor Relations

Management

All right. Thanks, Mark. We have a lot of people on the line this morning and we'd like to get to as many questions as possible. So, I ask everybody that is on the line to limit yourself to one question and one follow-up question. With that, Mara, we're ready for questions.

Operator

Operator

Thank you, Mr. Riddle. And our first question comes from David Begleiter with Deutsche Bank.

David I. Begleiter - Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc.

Analyst

Thank you. Good morning. Mark very strong earnings in SFI. Can you help us think about the first, how much did the spread contribute in Q1 versus Q4? And thinking about Q2 versus Q1, how much will this spread hurt you sequentially in Q2 versus Q1? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Thanks, David. Certainly spread was a factor in the growth in Q1 relative to Q4. As Curt mentioned, we saw good discipline in holding on to prices as raw materials came down and the inventory turns are quite fast in that business and we were able to sort of improve our spread and as also Curt mentioned that the hedge, which predominantly goes into SFI, flows through COGS. You don't see much of that hit in the first quarter as that will increase into the second quarter and the hedge will really be the big driver in compressing some of the margins on first quarter to second quarter.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Yeah. If I could add, Mark, on top of that. So, as I mentioned in SFI, you are seeing that margin compression in April that that will be a good – that will be felt mostly in this segment plus that impact of the hedges. And quite honestly, if I think about just the shaping of the year as well, that's going to impact the kind of the quarters as they progress a little differently than what you've seen in the past. So, I think our full year is going to be more balanced, first half of the year, second half of the year. And second quarter is really going to be probably one of the more challenging quarters we have on a year-over-year comparable basis in part due to that SFI factor we discussed as well as the timing of tow demand.

David I. Begleiter - Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc.

Analyst

Thank you. Very helpful. And just on Fibers, Mark. When do you think the destocking will end? And do you think we'll see normalized demand at any point during the back half of the year? And what is that normalized demand in your view? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Sure. So, we do certainly think that destocking will abate in the first half of the year and things will improve in the second half. And the way I think about this, Dave, is primary demand story hasn't changed at all, really, in the last 12 months. So, what we see is, outside of China, demand for cigarettes is trending as it always has. In China, the primary demand is expected to be flat to slightly up, but let's call it flattish. So, the primary demand situation is unchanged. What's really going on this year is, what's the story in tow demand, and there are really three components of that. The first is, the Chinese National Tobacco Company has added capacity in joint ventures with us last year and Daicel this year. And that removes a certain amount of demand available to the tow suppliers because if you're backward integrated, you're going to run your assets full. So, there's a certain chunk of market that just leaves the market. Then the rest of it is a destocking story and it's two different stories. So, in China, CNTC produces cigarettes and collects tax revenue at the production level. And over 2013, 2014, they got ahead of themselves in production relative to primary demand and built up more inventory than they needed. And they finally took actions to sort of correct that inventory, which is what you're seeing in the first half of this year. And they continue to…

David I. Begleiter - Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc.

Analyst

Thank you very much.

Operator

Operator

We move now to P.J. Juvekar with Citi.

P.J. Juvekar - Citigroup Global Markets, Inc.

Analyst

Hey, Mark. You've talked about demand growth in tires. That seems like a change in tone from your last quarter especially in Europe. So, can you just talk about what you're seeing in the tire demand globally? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Sure. Tire demand globally is very moderate in its growth rate if you look at what our customers like Michelin and others are saying in the marketplace. But there's really two stories inside that. Europe and North America tire growth is actually quite solid and getting better year-over-year. The issue is China. And the Chinese are struggling through two things and reducing tire production right now to destock their situation because the tariffs in the U.S. have pushed the sales back out of the U.S. towards China or other markets. And they've massively overbuilt higher production capacity in China, and the economy is clearly slowing down, especially commercial activity in China where we're leveraged with Crystex. And that's resulted in some decline in demand there in the first quarter. But we have seen a strong improvement in demand going into the second quarter from the first. But overall, I'd say the tire market is going to have very modest growth globally when you add it all together.

P.J. Juvekar - Citigroup Global Markets, Inc.

Analyst

Okay. Thank you. And then in SFI, as propylene prices came down, can you talk about what you're seeing in the (26:10) pricing in the (26:12)? And you also, you talked about – in earlier question, you talked about propane to propylene spread, sort of hinted at that. Can you talk about propylene to delivery spread? Thank you. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Sure. On the market price situation, what we see is – we saw a fairly large drop in propylene prices in April. And the more commoditized products that we have are going to follow that down. The specialties are going to hold on to value as best as they can with that change in the marketplace conditions. And I think that's all playing out in the way you would expect. Fortunately, commodities are a very small percentage of our total earnings portfolio. But it's the dynamic that's going on right now. I'm going to let Curt answer the olefins spread hedge question.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Sure. And maybe the best way to think about this, P.J., let me just kind of give update on that $0.40 to $0.60 impact we talked about on olefins. And so, it's important when we talk about producing versus buying olefins, let me highlight a couple of things. First, the make-up of our olefin needs are changing as we grow. So, for example, now we produce about 55% of the propylene we need, and we now purchase the rest. So, that's impacting some of this. The benefits of producing versus purchasing olefins, we do expect to be volatile. And you see that as it goes through this April. And so, as we see these decline in ethylene and propylene prices. So, that's going to be a challenge, a little bit more of a challenge than we originally anticipated. On our propane hedges we put in place last year, that's an additional headwind for us where we've kind of hedged about two-thirds of our propane purchases in 2015 and just over 50% in 2016. So, when I think about the propane hedges themselves, there has been no material change in the expected impact of these hedges on the 2015 results. So, a lot of it is just, right now, coming down to those cracking spreads. Finally, we have, though, taken a variety of actions trying to mitigate these margin pressures including improved operations and a shift to a more advantaged feedstock mix. I think is probably around 70% propane today. So, putting it all together with the current market conditions, we're probably now at the high end of that $0.40 to $0.60 range we provided early in the year. As a reminder, though, that impact does not include the impact of pricings – prices of our derivatives or changes in other raw materials, and so we try to factor those into our overall corporate guidance. But again, the business teams are doing a great job trying to hold on to value, and you see that being done in our first quarter results.

P.J. Juvekar - Citigroup Global Markets, Inc.

Analyst

Thank you very much.

Operator

Operator

We move now to Vincent Andrews, Morgan Stanley. Vincent Stephen Andrews - Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC: Thank you, and good morning, everyone. Could you just – you said tow was going to be probably at the low end of your operating profit forecast for the year in terms of the impact year-over-year. Why is that? Is that just because the volume is going to come in a little worse than you thought or was there a difference on price or what's the dynamic? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Good morning, Vince. Yeah. There are two parts of it, both volume-related. So, the – as the final contract settled, there was a slight drop in tow demand when we added it all together. The other part was, we sell acetyl intermediates into our joint venture with Solvay for producing product. And they also reduced their demand need on that joint venture, so we had lower acetyl intermediate sales. Vincent Stephen Andrews - Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC: Okay. And on Adhesives & Plasticizers, it seems like some of the issues that you were having last year have settled out. So, what's the update there? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Adhesives & Plasticizer is a great story, improvement in the industry structure. What's happened in Adhesives is the volumes have continued in the market to grow quite solidly in hygiene, hot melt adhesive packaging, so strong growth in the market. As we continue to move to a lighter feedstock slates, the amount of raw materials available for hydrocarbon resins has become more limited and you've got a tightening market situation that's given us a lot of value and pricing power in the marketplace. I would also note that the rosin question that we've discussed in the past is also quite stable. Prices in rosins are low and availability is sort of typical this year and the low prices of rosins this year would suggest that those won't significantly increase into next year either. So, we see a nice stable situation there in adhesives. Vincent Stephen Andrews - Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC: Okay. Great. Thanks very much.

Operator

Operator

We move next to Frank Mitsch, Wells Fargo Securities.

Frank J. Mitsch - Wells Fargo Securities LLC

Analyst

Hey, good morning and nice start to the year. I wanted to follow up on some of the comments Curt made on the Taminco acquisition. I think when you were talking about the functional amines in the ag business, you saw sequential improvement. Now of course, we'd expect sequential improvement in Q2, but were you also referring to Q1? Did you see sequential improvement in that business there? And also just in general, it sounded to me that the tone was a bit more positive on Taminco on this call and if you could talk about what you're seeing now that you've owned it for a little bit longer, that'd be great. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: We view Taminco as a great acquisition, great add to the portfolio, very much on track in delivering the results and doing a great job in performing, including finding ways to offset their own FX headwinds. On the specific ag question, Frank, the ag demand on a year-over-year basis, is the way I'd think about it, came off a bit when it comes to the functional amines going into sort of the row crop herbicides, consistent with what you might expect in the marketplace. But we've seen strong indications and improvements of volume sequentially from the first quarter into the second quarter. In particular, the customers we serve, they're doing a bit better this year than last year. We also saw burn-downs start this year which did not occur last year, so some additional demand as a result of that. As we all know, the winter ag season last year was a pretty tough comp. So, things are going really well there on the row crop. I'd also remind everyone that the ag business related to row crops is only about 10% of the total revenue of Taminco. So, while we pay attention to it, it's not a significant part of the portfolio. One of the great things about Taminco, like Eastman, is it has a very diverse set of end markets. And then the other part is crop protection is doing better than expected. The nice thing about perishable products is you can't build up inventory and those crop products are having a good demand this year.

Frank J. Mitsch - Wells Fargo Securities LLC

Analyst

That's great because I do know that some of the other crop protection chemical companies are not as optimistic on the early part of the year here, so that's good to hear from your perspective. And in terms of the $900 million of free cash flow, can you talk about your priorities for that money? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Sure. All right. Capital allocation is always a critical and important debate we have among ourselves with our board, and we are committed to the approach we've always taken. So, when I think about capital allocation, the priority starts with great, attractive organic growth opportunities that are important in leveraging our world-scale platforms and allow us grow and sustain the performance of those platforms. So, organic is always going to take a priority, assuming they have attractive returns. We're fortunate that our operating cash flow is so strong that we can meet those needs and still have quite a bit of free cash flow. We have one of the best yields in the industry. So, there is a fair question which is, what do you do with all that free cash flow. And we'll continue to have a disciplined and balanced approach to that in looking at both acquisitions and returning cash to shareholders and making sure we do which creates the most value for our shareholders at that time from a long-term value creation point of view.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

If I could, Frank, if you look at our 2015, nothing has changed in our commitment though we also have to take a fair bit of that free cash flow and complete the deleveraging we've committed to. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Yeah. My comments were long term.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Yes.

Frank J. Mitsch - Wells Fargo Securities LLC

Analyst

Understood. So, debt paydown is probably the near-term priority and then Curt's comments are more longer term. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Other way around. So Curt just made the short term comment about delevering and I made the long term comment there – the long-term capital allocation philosophy.

Frank J. Mitsch - Wells Fargo Securities LLC

Analyst

Got you. Thank you.

Operator

Operator

For our next question, we go to Kevin McCarthy, Bank of America Merrill Lynch.

Kevin W. McCarthy - Bank of America Merrill Lynch

Analyst

Yes. Good morning. Mark, I was wondering if you could provide an update on Crystex. I think you were planning to take some capacity offline in France, expand in Malaysia and retrofit technology at some sites. Can you update us on where you stand in that evolution? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Sure, Kevin. We're very much on track with our Crystex strategy, continue to be very excited about this new technology we developed. As you mentioned, we shut the Sète business down last year to take out some fixed cost. And the reason we could do that is we have done such a great job in working with the Crystex manufacturing guys combined with our operational experts at our large integrated sites, we found ways to improve the performance of the existing plants, so that out of six plants, we're producing much more than we ever could in seven plants. And that's why we could shut Sète down, which is just a great operational synergy story. The new technology will be both retrofits which we've already started in our Germany plant. And then, of course, we're gearing up to start construction of our Kuantan plant to double capacity in that site. So, the overall Crystex story is moving along quite nicely. I'd also mention that while the overall market is not growing that fast in tires, we're having great success with some of our new growth products that we're selling into tires and growing those quite fast. So, our tackifying resins, their performance added for traction are seeing significant growth this year over last year. So, the overall portfolio has ways to grow beyond just the primary end market.

Kevin W. McCarthy - Bank of America Merrill Lynch

Analyst

And a second question, if I may. How would you describe activity or lack thereof as it relates to your efforts to monetize crackers at Longview? And then, second piece, if I may, do you have any propane hedges in place for 2017?

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Kevin, this is Curt. On the – nothing new to report on our efforts around our olefins in Texas. We will continue to evaluate options with excess ethylene and/or our crackers in normal course. On the propane, we do have some hedges going into 2017, but they're moderate compared to what I described in 2015 and 2016.

Kevin W. McCarthy - Bank of America Merrill Lynch

Analyst

Thank you very much.

Operator

Operator

We'll move now to James Sheehan at SunTrust Robinson Humphrey.

James Sheehan - SunTrust Robinson Humphrey

Analyst

Could you please elaborate on some of the improving business trends that you're seeing in Europe? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Sure. The businesses are actually improving quite nicely in Europe, and the overall economy is obviously sluggish but improving from a GDP point of view. But in markets like transportation, we're seeing nice recovery in volumes. Even in building and construction, there's some improvements that we're starting to see. So, Europe is expected to be sort of a nice story for us this year.

James Sheehan - SunTrust Robinson Humphrey

Analyst

And a follow-up on your comments on the tire market, could you just differentiate between what you're seeing on the passenger side versus truck tires? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Sure. Passenger tires are doing sort of reasonably well across the globe. Truck tires are doing well in North America, slow in Europe and challenged in China at the moment because of the economic deceleration going on in China. That's a short-term comment, why they're destocking, we expect that to sort of improve as we go into the year.

James Sheehan - SunTrust Robinson Humphrey

Analyst

Thank you.

Operator

Operator

We'll move now to John Roberts, UBS.

John E. Roberts - UBS Securities LLC

Analyst

Good morning. You mentioned you don't have any propane hedging beyond next year. What's the go-forward strategy around propane? Do you have any opinion on whether it's going to be more volatile, less volatile and how do you intend to manage that? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: From a hedging point of view, we're continuing to review our hedging strategy and decide what's the most appropriate thing to do. Obviously, there's a tremendous amount of volatility today in the market around where oil is going to go and the associated raw materials from oil. So, we're making sure that we think about it carefully and step forward carefully.

John E. Roberts - UBS Securities LLC

Analyst

It doesn't sound like you have a strategy. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Oh, we have a strategy of making sure that we protect our volatility in our earnings, but we're trying to understand what the structural implications are to the change in the marketplaces because clearly, no one saw oil going from $100 to $50, including us. And when that kind of structural change happens in the marketplace, it's appropriate to step back and rethink your strategy and make sure what you're doing is appropriate.

John E. Roberts - UBS Securities LLC

Analyst

And is the dispute with Westlake completely resolved at this point?

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

This is Curt. There's nothing new to update on Westlake.

John E. Roberts - UBS Securities LLC

Analyst

But there was a lingering piece there. So, that's unresolved still?

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

I have nothing new to report.

John E. Roberts - UBS Securities LLC

Analyst

Thank you.

Operator

Operator

Our next question comes from Mike Sison with KeyBanc.

Michael J. Sison - KeyBanc Capital Markets, Inc.

Analyst · KeyBanc.

Hey, guys. Nice start to the year. When you think about Specialty Fluids & Intermediates, you did the operating income of $102 million versus $64 million last year. Is the improvement primarily all Taminco, and if I did the math, that would suggest that, given the sales and margins really expanded versus last year, and I'm just curious if that math works and how much of the improvement would have been sort of the pricing power over raw materials?

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Well, again, the benefit is partially the acquisitions. If you recall, we said Taminco, if you think about specialty amines and crop protection going to additives & Functional Products, and the functional amines going to SFI, it was about 75% going to AFP, 25% going to SFI. So, that gives you some way to think about the order of magnitude for the Taminco. And, yes, as Mark mentioned, the margins did expand in the first quarter, but as we talked about, we think that margin expansion is going to come off in the second quarter for SFI, in part because of the decline in propylene and ethylene margins and in part because of the flow of the hedge.

Michael J. Sison - KeyBanc Capital Markets, Inc.

Analyst · KeyBanc.

Okay. Great. And then, Mark, I think you described AFP to be up strong, Adhesives to be up strong, Advanced Materials to be up strong, and amino fibers and your thoughts on Specialty Fluids & Intermediates. And given that the first quarter EPS growth was double digits, is that the type of growth you could do every quarter? Is there a little bit of kind of changes because of the hedges and I just want better understand kind of the growth potential as the quarters unfold this year for EPS growth. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Mike, great question. I've been waiting for it. Yeah. We see a great opportunity for us to continue delivering earnings growth this year over last year as well as into 2016. And I think the first quarter is great evidence about the quality of our specialty portfolio and the transitions we've been making to be more of a specialty company. When you look at the earnings performance in the first quarter, it was really quite good in our specialty businesses, we held on to value and we're quite disciplined in how we hold on to value in those businesses and we're able to offset the vast majority of the headwinds we had in currency and hedging. And we did it without volume. And there is an important point in that which is, we were being disciplined, and as a result, customers held off on ordering, waiting for the best price. And then we saw, when we got those all negotiated, we saw price – volumes recover in the – Mark's timeframe into April. It's also important to note when you think about that story that the COGS flow-through on specialty businesses is quite slow. Three to six months versus commodities…

Michael J. Sison - KeyBanc Capital Markets, Inc.

Analyst · KeyBanc.

Great. Thank you.

Operator

Operator

And now, we go to Bob Koort, Goldman Sachs. Ryan L. Berney - Goldman Sachs & Co.: Good morning. This is Ryan Berney on for Bob. Just had a question within the Adhesives & Plasticizers business. I was hoping you could maybe elaborate a little bit more on kind of the lower selling prices that you're seeing in plasticizers. It seems like maybe that piece of the business overwhelmed a little bit of the positive you're getting from the adhesives side. I was hoping you could provide a little more color there. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Sure. It's a story related to oil. So, raw material prices dropped dramatically associated with oil and plasticizers like other olefins. And so what you're seeing is prices come down with those raw materials in the plasticizers side of that business. There's also continued competitive pressure in that business. As Asians have been trying to reposition towards North America, Europe is obviously not attractive for them on a relative currency basis for some of them as well as looking to place that product because economic growth in China has not been very good. Ryan L. Berney - Goldman Sachs & Co.: And to elaborate on that economic growth in China, kind of just based on what you're seeing in your businesses, do you expect the kind of deceleration we've seen in the early part of the year to accelerate from where we are, meaning the pace of the slowdown to speed up so to speak for the remainder of the year? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: That would be the big question for the world about what is China economy going to do. My personal view is they're not growing at 7% GDP, not close…

Operator

Operator

We go now to Jeff Zekauskas, JPMorgan.

Jeffrey J. Zekauskas - JPMorgan Securities LLC

Analyst

Hi. Good morning.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Good morning.

Jeffrey J. Zekauskas - JPMorgan Securities LLC

Analyst

Hi. In your earlier remarks, I think you said that your propane was hedged by 50% in 2016. My recollection was that in the old days, it was maybe hedged to 90%. So, did you alter your hedged positions or were there various steps that you've taken to change your exposure or your purchases in propane for next year?

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

So, Jeff, this is Curt. A couple of perspectives. First of all, there's been no change to our propane hedging program as we defined it last year. So, you know we moved from that sort of a short-term hedging program to a multiyear hedging program. So, there's been no change there. We had talked in the past about being substantially hedged in 2015 and 2016. I just wanted to provide some more clarity for people who don't understand what that order of magnitude is. So, it was about two-thirds in 2015 and just over half in 2016.

Jeffrey J. Zekauskas - JPMorgan Securities LLC

Analyst

Okay. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: But, Jeff, part of that story is we've taken actions to improve our total production rate of olefins. So, we're improving the quality of how we're running our crackers. We've shifted our mix towards more propane from ethane because propane, currently, is quite advantaged, as you know. So, there are some actions we've taken. But we also were concerned that people were over interpreting our substantial comment, I want to make sure people knew where our hedge positions were.

Jeffrey J. Zekauskas - JPMorgan Securities LLC

Analyst

Okay. And then for my follow-up, I remember that Taminco had a aircraft de-icing business that was quite depressed last year because of good weather. And so, I would imagine that that might have helped the Taminco earnings overall, and there are some synergies. Order of magnitude, is Taminco EBITDA up $15 million or $20 million or $12 million? Can you size it?

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

This is Curt, Jeff. First of all, on your de-icing, the de-icing was up year-over-year. That was a contributing factor. There are some offsets to it within a diversified portfolio have like within our specialty amines business, and that's the formic acid aspect of it there. On the EBITDA for Taminco, I'd characterize it – as we look at it right now, I think if you take all the factors, the EBITDA of Taminco will be equal or slightly above where they were last year.

Jeffrey J. Zekauskas - JPMorgan Securities LLC

Analyst

Okay. Great. Thank you so much. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Jeff...

Jeffrey J. Zekauskas - JPMorgan Securities LLC

Analyst

Yeah? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Jeff, that includes the FX effect, too.

Jeffrey J. Zekauskas - JPMorgan Securities LLC

Analyst

Oh, an FX effect, too. Okay. Great.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

They're facing that FX headwind. So, they're helping offset some of that in that comment.

Operator

Operator

Our next question comes from Laurence Alexander at Jefferies.

Daniel Rizzo - Jefferies LLC

Analyst

Hi, guys. This is Dan Rizzo, in for Laurence. Just in regards to the acetate tow, you say the destocking is going to continue through the second half of the year, I mean, until the end of – until next – the second half of this year. Do you mean it's going to spike in this quarter or is it like moderating as you go forward or is it – just sequentially from the first quarter to the second, is it kind of the same, or is it getting better or worse and then getting better? Just a little more color.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

If I could, let me just clarify. I think you're referring to my comment about second quarter being more of a challenge year-over-year, and that's a truly – part of the factor is this tow demand on a year-over-year comparison basis. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: So, as you think about overall tow demand, just so we're clear, the destocking is occurring in the first half of the year. We expect recovery in demand in the second half of the year as that destocking abates. In regards to the second quarter versus the first quarter, I would describe the volume as similar to maybe a little bit better on a sequential basis from first quarter to second quarter.

Daniel Rizzo - Jefferies LLC

Analyst

Okay. Thanks. And then just given all the moves you made in the past year, so I mean what's the M&A pipeline look like? Are you guys kind of done for a while or do you still see a lot of opportunities out there? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Right now, we are very much focused on execution. We have done some great acquisitions, four of them last year. We've got a tremendous portfolio of organic growth projects and we're all about delivering results right now and focusing on how we do all of that incredibly well. That is and will continue to be our priority.

Daniel Rizzo - Jefferies LLC

Analyst

Thank you, guys.

Operator

Operator

We go now to Aleksey Yefremov with Nomura.

Aleksey Yefremov - Nomura Securities International, Inc.

Analyst

Good morning, everyone. How would you characterize industry-wide operating rates in filter tow maybe currently and also after capacity cuts that you're undergoing and that your competitor has announced? And also could you comment on Eastman-specific operating rates in filter tow? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: So, I'll comment on the industry side. What we are seeing, is as I mentioned, we added some capacity and Daicel is adding some capacity with CNTC. And fortunately, what we're also seeing is that the three out of four tow suppliers in this industry are also rationalizing capacity right now that is high cost and not necessary, and so we've taken our working Workington site down. You've seen announcements from Celanese and Solvay about taking some capacity out. When you add that all together and you look at different demand scenarios for 2016, it would imply industry utilization rates in the low 90%s range, which is a nice stable place to be and, importantly, should indicate ability for us to maintain stable margins just like we've already done this year, maintaining stable margins in the face of this destocking.

Aleksey Yefremov - Nomura Securities International, Inc.

Analyst

Great. Thank you. And also, could you comment on your foreign exchange hedges? What is the magnitude of any potential benefit that you expect this year, and also how could this progress into 2016? Thank you.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Well, if you think about – this is Curt – the impact of the exchanges, the strength in the dollar and for us it's specifically the euro, we've talked about that change being a $0.25 to $0.30 headwind per share. That's reflecting net of some of the hedges we have in place. We've hedged roughly half of our currency. As you see, currency sitting there today around $1.10, $1.11, that impact is going to be a little greater than that $0.25 to $0.30, and that's what we're expecting in our outlook. I'd say, similarly, we have a hedge going into next year that will help mitigate that, just not to the same magnitude of 50% we had this year.

Aleksey Yefremov - Nomura Securities International, Inc.

Analyst

Thank you very much.

Operator

Operator

Our final question comes from Nils Wallin with CLSA.

Nils-Bertil Wallin - CLSA Americas LLC

Analyst

Yeah. Good morning and thanks for taking my question. You've spoken a lot about the specialty aspect of your portfolio holding price and capturing value. But your year-over-year price comparisons were down 6%. So, would you be able to parse the price realizations you had on the specialty and special position versus commodity? Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Sure. I'll take part of this question, and I wouldn't be surprised if Curt piles in. So, first of all, when you look at the overall price performance of our company compared to our diversified peers, we actually did a great job of holding price. And I think that's a good proxy for the quality of our portfolio. But no matter what you are, specialty or commodity, raw material prices came down considerably. And some of our pricing, especially in our core copolyesters was going to go follow raw materials downward to some extent. And that's the price effect that we're feeling – so – in Advanced Materials, and the same logic would apply to the olefin products in AFP and the plasticizers and in A&P. But the spreads did not compress. And so, I think that that portfolio, in fact, expanded in most cases. But there's a limit, you have to treat your customers with respect to make sure you pass on value to them too when the raw materials come down So, I think that we did a nice job of finding appropriate balance with our customers for the value that we create for them, and we will continue to do so going forward. So, it's also important to keep in mind that the raw material flow through issue being three to six months on the specialty. So, when you look at the margins, you don't have that rapid flow through that you saw in SFI.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

And this is Curt. Just as you make your evaluation analysis, you can see some of that in the pricing changes. So, you look at Additives & Functional Products, Adhesives & Plasticizers, Advanced Materials, you see their prices only coming down 2% to 5% versus 16% in SFI. So, that's just some of the factors that Mark described. I'd also remind people as they evaluate Additives & Functional Products and SFI, keep in mind as we bring the Taminco businesses into those, that does have a weighting effect on the operating margins for those businesses. So, for Additives & Functional Products, they'll have a slightly lower operating margin now just because of the mix of Taminco versus the heritage Eastman businesses.

Nils-Bertil Wallin - CLSA Americas LLC

Analyst

Thanks. That's really helpful. And then, would you have an estimate – obviously, you had a lot of new assets in the portfolio year-over-year. Would you have an estimate of the total accretion from all these new businesses?

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

I would say, right now, it's been factored in our guidance. We look at all the moving parts, and so from – as it relates to organic growth, we factor that into that aspect. From the acquisition standpoint, we talked about greater than $0.35 accretion this year and greater than $0.60 accretion next year. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: For Taminco.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Taminco. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: So, when you add them altogether, it's more like $0.50.

Nils-Bertil Wallin - CLSA Americas LLC

Analyst

Understood. Sorry, I meant for this quarter. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: For the quarter? We're not breaking that out by quarter.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Taminco is...

Nils-Bertil Wallin - CLSA Americas LLC

Analyst

Understood.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

Its earnings profile is pretty constant during the course of the year. So, that's how I would think about it.

Gregory A. Riddle - Vice President, Investor Relations

Management

I mean, the way you think about it, Nils, is they're on track on a corporate basis for that $0.50 or greater than $0.50 accretion on an annual basis. So, just think of it that way, we're on track with that accretion expectation.

Curtis E. Espeland - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Management

And then as you think about the benefits of the synergies, that's probably weighted more towards the second half of the year.

Nils-Bertil Wallin - CLSA Americas LLC

Analyst

Understood. Thanks for the help. Mark J. Costa - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer: Yes.

Operator

Operator

And that concludes our question-and-answer session. Mr. Riddle, I'd like to turn the conference back over to you for any additional or closing remarks.

Gregory A. Riddle - Vice President, Investor Relations

Management

Yeah. Thanks, Mara and thanks, everyone, for joining us this morning. We'll have a Web replay and replay in downloadable MP3 format available on our website probably later this morning. Thanks a lot and have a great day.

Operator

Operator

And that concludes our conference for today. Again, we thank everyone for joining us.