Hello, everyone, and welcome to today's presentation of Ericsson's Second Quarter 2024 Results. Today, Borje Ekholm, our President and CEO, joins us by video, and Lars Sandstrom, Chief Financial Officer, is here in the studio with me. As usual, we'll have a short presentation followed by Q&A. And in order to ask a question, you'll need to join the conference by phone. Details can be found in today's earnings release and on the Investor Relations website. Please be advised that today's call is being recorded and that today's presentation may include forward-looking statements. These statements are based on our current expectations and certain planning assumptions, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. The actual results may differ materially due to factors mentioned in today's press release and discussed in the conference call. We encourage you to read about these risks and uncertainties in our earnings report as well as in our annual report. I'll now hand the call over to Borje and Lars for their introductory comments.

Well, thanks Daniel, and good morning, everyone. First, I'd like to cover some of the key highlights from the quarter before Lars really goes through all the financials in more detail. So, in Q2, we continue to work with our customers and focus on leveraging our leading technology as well as optimizing our business through our strategic initiatives, which of course includes our cost reduction actions that we have taken. All these actions made it possible to deliver a very strong performance, and we saw an expansion of the gross margin despite a very challenging overall RAN and mobile networks market. So, gross margin for the group came in at 43.9% and this was supported by the proactive actions and our competitive portfolio. It was of course positively impacted by a new 5G licensing agreement and we're now clearly on track to deliver our SEK12 billion to SEK13 billion revenue target for IPR for 2024. Our IPR portfolio clearly illustrates how our technology leadership is creating value. Let me also briefly touch upon the impairment we recorded last week. This relates mainly to Vonage and reflects lower anticipated market growth rates in Vonage portfolio. However, the strategic rationale for the Vonage acquisition remains, and that is really to create new ways to monetize the network capabilities and the network features. And long-term, we see this to be crucial for the telecom industry, and actually, if we cannot generate the extra revenues from the features of the network, it's very hard to justify the future investments in later generations as well. So, we believe this is a critical initiative for us and for the industry. Network APIs and the global network platform we're creating remains central to this portfolio and to this strategy, and we continue to see good traction. We…

All right. Thank you, Borje. Let me start by adding a few additional points on the Group before discussing the segments in more detail. Organic sales declined by 7% in the quarter and this was primarily driven by networks. Some of our larger customers in North America did selectively increase their investments supporting return to sales growth in this key market. But our other markets declined. And as Borje already highlighted, we deliver good expansion in our adjusted gross margin at 43.9% in Q2. This benefited from our strategic actions on cost as well as strong IPR revenue. Also, as Borje mentioned, we signed a new IPR contract in the quarter which includes some retroactive revenue, and reported OpEx was significantly distorted by the Vonage impairment charges in Q2, in the slide you can see the underlying development. Including the impairment, OpEx was up by SEK1.2 billion year-on-year. Savings from our cost actions were balanced by salary increases and higher bonus accruals. And we also increased investments in two areas. In R&D for technology leadership and operational resiliency and in SG&A to drive operational efficiency in enterprise. We are continuing to take action on costs including sizing our organization to serve the new level of customer demand and we recently announced or recently concluded the union negotiation in Sweden on planned headcount reductions. Adjusted EBITA increased to SEK4.1 billion in the quarter with a margin of 6.8%. With that let's move to the segments. Next slide, please. In networks, organic sales were down by 11% year-on-year as customers continued to be cautious with their investments. The largest slowdown was in India following the rapid 5G build-out last year, but as I already mentioned, we did see return to growth in North America with sales up 20% and there were also…

Thanks, Lars. So, to conclude, we're facing a tough market environment at the moment. However, I would say the results in Q2 underscore the underlying strength in our business as well as our competitive portfolio. Going forward, we remain fully focused on executing on our strategy to strengthen leadership in mobile networks, driving a focused expansion into enterprise, and pursue a cultural transformation. We continue to leverage our technology leadership while prudently managing our business. The actions we've taken, including our focus on costs, will allow us to keep investments critical to protect our leadership position and long-term competitiveness. This will ensure that Ericsson remains well-positioned going forward. At the same time, for the industry to grow long-term, it's necessary to find new revenue streams for our customers beyond the mobile broadband subscriptions. We need to create new opportunities to monetize the networks and the investments our customers make in the networks through differentiated offerings. And that's what our enterprise strategy is targeting and network APIs is of course one of the key opportunities for us. Of course, creating a market and new monetization models and the associated ecosystem will take time, but we are seeing some very good traction. So, our vision to become a leading networks and enterprise platform is unchanged. The foundation in this strategy is and will remain our leading mobile networks business. And here, we will of course, take every action needed to ensure that we keep our leading position, as well as our strong cost position and competitive position in the industry. With that, Daniel, I think we're ready to take all your questions.

Thanks, Borje. We'll now move to Q&A. [Operator Instructions] And as usual, can I request one question per participant, so we've got time to hear from as many of you today as possible. Super. I can see the first question on the line is from Francois Bouvignies from UBS. Francois, your line is now open. Please go ahead.

Thank you very much. So my question would be on this Slide 8 that you show in the presentation where you show the adjusted EBITA margin and adjusted gross margin. So what we see in the chart, we can clearly see, I think, a correlation between the gross margin and EBITA margin since 2022. And I checked in '19, '21 and '20, I think, it's the same correlation directionally, but for some reason from Q4 '23 we see the gross margin going up, but the EBITA margin going down and I was wondering why, because we see in Q2, for example, the top line increasing. So, should that help the scale? You have the North America increasing should help the geo mix and you have the IPR, which is almost all-time high, which should help the margins. So, I'm wondering why you have a disconnection between the gross margin and EBITA margins since the beginning of the year? That would be my question. And yes please.

Thanks, Francois. I'll pass that to Lars.

Yeah. Thanks. I think it is that we have a somewhat higher cost base compared to what we had a couple of years ago when it comes to, especially on the R&D side, we have had an increased level of that and now this is on a quarterly basis. So it's not a rolling twelve. So that's why the significant lower revenue base is also impacting quite a lot on the OpEx ratio there. So, that is what is, so let's say, kicking through and also somewhat higher the difference there coming from the enterprise business, that is impacting to some extent as well, compared to where we were in 2022. So, if you do the same, looking at the pure mobile networks and the enterprise, you will see it's a bit -- little bit different.

Do you move cost of sales into OpEx at all? I mean, because when I look at these charts, it looks like you are the cost base and you always invested a lot in OpEx increasing R&D in the last few years. So why would you invest even more now than before?

It is not more, it's the relative with a significant lower revenue base that impacts the ratios, it is not more cost per say in absolute levels, in that sense, it's the revenue that gives the impact.

Thank you.

I think you should think about it in a bit of a different way. Our cost base is in reality a base to drive the competitiveness. It depends on which markets we're in, as well as our R&D intensity. And the R&D is driven by the future. So, it's actually oriented towards in here than programmable networks. So we are there to lead into developing the programmable networks for the future. That allowed us to win with AT&T. So that win in reality doesn't translate to revenues until time after we make the investments. So, what you see right now is a situation where sales have fallen and we have kept the R&D intensity to be able to compete in the future and be successful longer term. So, you will get this, it's not that the cost base can follow revenues in R&D, because that's simply not, it doesn't become the relevant timing to think about it.

Understood. Thank you very much.

Great. Thanks for the question, Francois. We're now ready for the next question. So, the next question will come from Alex Duval at Goldman Sachs. Alex, your line will now be open. Please go ahead.

Yes, good morning. Alex Duval. Thank you very much for the question. In your report, you state what normal seasonality is like on top line. Curious to what extent one should take this for modelling purposes as the right quarter-on-quarter growth rate for the next few quarters, clearly you have the AT&T win, but then in your report, you talk about some of the dynamics in markets like Europe being tough. So, just trying to understand if AT&T should be added on top of that seasonality or if that's already included. Many thanks.

Sure. Lars, I think one for you.

I think what we say in Q3 here is we show the seasonality, and I think that is including the growth rate that we see in North America. And then, of course, we have a weaker situation in all regions outside North America. So that's why we say that the seasonality is probably a good indicator for Q3.

Very helpful. Thank you.

Thanks, Alex. Thanks for the question. We can move on to the next question now. So that will come from Andreas Joelsson at Carnegie. Andreas, your line will now be open. Please go ahead.

Thanks a lot, Daniel. Follow up on the former or the previous question, but maybe give a little bit more flavor into the various regions on the network side. So, North America, I understand the improvement is sort of a mix between the AT&T contract and improvement from others. But how do you see that play out going forward? Are the customers a little bit more forward-leaning now than a year ago perhaps? And then also on the other regions, except the obvious headwind from India, where do you see the main reason for the customers holding back their investments currently? Thanks.

Borje, maybe one this is we can pass to you and you can give a little bit of flavor around the various markets. Thanks.

Yeah. If we start in the US, we had a big inventory adjustment and that really came out of the big supply chain disturbances from COVID. So our customers built up larger than normal inventory levels, that started to be depleted fully in the beginning of this year, which has led to a bit of this, call it, normalization in our sales. We're also seeing, of course, some customers here and the investment levels in the market has been very, very low for a number of years following the rapid build-out of C band. So as network capacity starts to be used, we are seeing a different discussion, but I don't want to say that this is a turn, that's too early, but as you can see at least it's a positive indication that sales start to come back. So, let's continue to focus on the longer term. This market is ultimately going to come back, but it will, and we've said that for quite some time. But don't be too optimistic every quarter, let's put it that way. If you look outside of North America, overall, I would say this is a problem in the industry where our customers, if you would generalize, and that's not entirely accurate because you have some customers doing better than others. But if you look as an industry return on capital employed has been under pressure for quite some time, that has driven our customers to actually cut down investments and sweat assets, which is something you can do for a period of time. The good thing for us is that traffic continues to grow, it continues to grow at a very healthy rate. And I would even argue now that we overlay fixed wireless access, for example, we see actually growth rate…

Perfect. That is very helpful. And may I also wish a great summer?

Thank you. Same to you.

Thanks for the question, Andreas. So, we're now ready to move to the next question. So the next question will come from Andrew Gardiner at Citi. Andrew, your line should now be open. So please go ahead.

Thank you, Daniel. Morning, all. If I could just do two quick follow-ups on the last points that you were making, Borje. First, on the US, can I take it that when you say "selective investment" you weren't really expecting it? It's come sort of short lead time orders from customers, perhaps refilling a little bit of capacity here and there where they've needed it, but they're not yet giving you visibility beyond AT&T, perhaps, which is obviously quite specific, but they're not, the others aren't really giving you visibility into the sustainability of that into the second half. Is that a fair characterization?

Yeah, that's a fair characterization. But I would say, though, that given the -- when you have -- if you operate and rolling out, you try to keep that at a relatively constant, and they've been buying less from us to deplete their own inventories. That just needed to adjust a bit of that is what you see.

Okay. And then also on the point you made, particularly in Europe and Latin America, where you're seeing increased competition from the Chinese vendors, once again, do you feel like you're losing share as a result of this competitive activity, or are you able to hold share? But perhaps it's coming at the expense of price and margin.

You know, we like to be managing our overall pricing and profitability and gross margin. So, it will all depend on specific situations. I'm sure we will lose some, but we'll do that because we think it's right for the overall gross profit in the company. So, you don't expect us to be the most aggressive in the market.

Understood. Thank you.

Thanks for the question, Andrew. So we'll now move on to the next question. That will come from the line of Sandeep Deshpande from JPMorgan. Sandeep, your line should now be open. Please go ahead.

Thank you, Daniel. My question is on your IPR deals in the first two quarters, you've had two deals in Q1 and one in Q2 as well. What has been the one-offs associated with these deals, and what is the ongoing run rate associated with the IPR revenues? And I have a quick follow-up after that.

Lars probably

Yeah. We don't comment on this. They have always, as you know, a retroactive part, and then it's forward-leaning. But you can see the jump in revenue. That is, of course, partly -- to a large part explained by the one-offs there. And for the run rate, we are at around SEK12 billion now coming out of Q2. And as we said, we are -- the target of 12 to 13 is well in reach.

Okay, thank you. And my follow-up is quickly on the United States and the US market. You've seen this recovery in the US market, is this mainly coming from -- that the US market now those inventories of parts that they were holding are not there anymore? Or is it that they are actually now starting up new projects? There is some new movement in terms of where the investments are occurring, or it is to do with inventory replenishment or AT&T new contracts|

Borje, maybe we can pass that one over to you.

Yeah, I think it's fair to say it's a combination of those, right. But that's why we also say, let's not -- we know that the investment level has been, if you look at the underlying traffic growth and the growth of fixed wireless access, we know that traffic has grown. So, that requires a certain level of investment. So we knew that. But we had the inventory adjustment. And of course, now that they have run out of room to adjust that, they need to buy a bit more from us. So that is one thing that's clearly happening, but we're also seeing that they need to manage the network quality. And that's what give us comfort that you have a bit of a cyclical behavior in the investments. If you look historically, we've been at a low point and now that starts to come back, that's a bit what you should expect. And of course, you have the big contract win as of last year that starts to contribute in Q2, but it will be more in H2.

Thank you.

Thanks, Sandeep. We can move now to the next question. The next question on the line will come from Joachim Gunell from DNB. Joachim, your line should now be open.

Thank you. So can you just comment a bit on where you are in India and the US in relation to what you would consider normalized sales levels at this stage?

Sure. Borje, do you want to provide some high-level thoughts on those two markets? Thanks.

Yeah. If you look at the US, I mean, we think -- if you look historically, we're at the lower end of more of a normal cycle, so that's what we feel. India is more normalized now.

Understood. And if I may, just a quick comment here in light of the competitive environment comments you made, what is your view of the component availability situation for your Chinese competitors?

The honest answer is they should comment on that. But at least we see them quite aggressive in the market. And ultimately it's a choice customers will have to make, right? How they think about their network resilience, decisions for the future, et cetera. It's really in the customer's hands to choose. This is more a comment that we see them increasingly aggressive.

Thank you and have a great summer.

Thank you. And the same to you.

Thanks for the question, Joachim. We'll move on to the next question, which is going to come from the line of Daniel Djurberg at Handelsbanken. Please go ahead, Daniel.

Thank you, Daniel. And hi, Borje and Lars. I would like to just ask a little bit you give a healthy network gross margin ambition here for Q3, 45% to 47%. My question is, if it's also relevant to see this positive similar uptake also for Q4 or also into next year on back of the mix you expect. That's the first question.

As you know, we have the uncertainty going forward on volumes, et cetera. So that's why we try to keep and stay onto the Q3. That's where we guide now with the 45% to 47%. And so, it is the cost -- on the positive side, we have the cost out activities that we are doing that is helping us. But we also have a downturn in the market in total that we -- when you do the calculation around the seasonality on Q3, you see. So that are, so to say, the big impact. So, we don't see that we should give you guidance going after Q3, so -- but that's why we are cautious still.

I see. And just as a follow up on the harsher competition in Sub-Saharan. Is it mainly your number one competitor, Huawei, or is it also more broad-based ZTE, Samsung [indiscernible] et cetera that are also more aggressive or is it mostly the one?

It's -- you're seeing an aggressive, I mean, a competitive market, right. That, I think, it's fair to say the -- and we're more mentioning the -- I've gotten the impression over the last few months that everyone thinks that the Chinese vendors have kind of disappeared. And that's not true. That's why we wanted to bring it up. It's always been very competitive, right. So -- but I almost felt that everyone thinks they're gone and that's not true.

They should go to Barcelona in February, I guess. That they will learn. Okay, thanks, and have a great summer.

Thank you.

Thanks for the question, Daniel. We'll move on to the next question now, please. So the next question is going to come from Erik Lindholm at SEB. Eric, your line should now be open.

Yes, thank you and good morning, everyone. So, you mentioned taking some cost actions here, both in enterprise and outside enterprise. Is it possible to quantify these actions and what they should mean here for the second half and especially maybe in the light of not expecting normal OpEx seasonality? Thank you.

Sure.

Just to help you a little bit on the guidance before we dive into the, as we said, the enormous seasonality. You should not, it does not really apply since we are continuously having impacts of the cost reductions, but they are on the other end, we have salary inflation coming in. And also last year we had rather very low provisioning for incentives. So, those are, I would say, counterbalancing. And then we have some dedicated investments in the R&D area. So, that is a little bit just to try to help you to understand. So if you look at H1, where we also had a similar development with cost out offset by salary increases and provisionings, that we see that for the remainder half of the year as well.

All right. And any comments on where you're taking out costs, which areas, sort of in, both in enterprise and outside of enterprise?

Yes, I think the cost base is of course significantly larger in the mobile network side. So -- and we need to adapt to, we are still in a declining market, so that requires us to adapt accordingly over time. So, we don't point out a specific area. It is broad-based in the different markets and activities where we are active.

All right. Thank you.

Great. Thanks for the question, Erik. We will now move on to the next question. The next question will come from the line of Sami Sarkamies from Danske Bank. Sami, your line is now open. Please go ahead.

Hi. Thanks. I would actually like to continue on the cost topic we just discussed. Could you provide additional color on the OpEx development during the second quarter and provide some color on outlook for the rest of the year? If you look at second quarter, OpEx was somewhat higher than what you had guided for. It seems that enterprise was offering some sort of surprise here and then why have you chosen not to provide OpEx guidance for the third quarter as what has been customary in the past?

Yeah. If you look at the cost in the second quarter on the guidance that we gave for the mobile networks part, it's actually not so far off. But we had some additional investments in the R&D side there, and then we had higher costs on the enterprise side, where, as I mentioned, we are not -- we have stopped capitalizing R&D. So, that is around SEK1 billion on an annual basis. We all did that already, we started that already in Q1. So that continues for the rest of the year. And then we have some higher costs and investments that we are doing connected to some of the market exits, but also to increase the operational efficiency and ensure that we are following all or following the development when it comes to different regulations, et cetera. So that is building some cost in the enterprise part. So the big deviation here actually in Q2 is more connected to that. And then going forward, we took out the seasonality because we see that it doesn't really apply here. We see more of a stable cost development, you can say -- compare -- if you look at from the first half of this year. So, where we have continued cost out activities delivering, but also then that is offset then by some salary inflation and some higher provisioning. So, that is more to help you to see what is happening and on the enterprise side, there we are, I would say, more stable on the cost base going into the rest of the second half.

Okay, thanks. And I would have a follow-up on IPR licensing guidance. I mean, if we do the math, you're basically already at SEK13 billion for the full year, if run rate amounts to SEK12 billion, as you earlier discussed. So, why have you chosen not to raise the IPR licensing guidance? You did mention that there is still a possibility for additional deals.

Yes, we aim to get the best economic outcome of any agreements that we are working on. So, therefore we keep so let's say the guidance now for the SEK12 billion to SEK13 billion for the full year. And then if there is more to come, then we will announce that.

Okay. Thank you.

Super. Thanks for the question, Sami. And just as a clarification, in terms of the base, think about the H2 in terms of overall OpEx, when we talk about similar sort of levels rather than the single quarter. Just to clarify on that, in case it's helpful. Super. Ready to move to the next question, that's going to come from Joseph Zhou at Barclays. Joe, your line is now open. Thank you.

Hi. Thank you. Thank you for taking my questions. And my first one is on the gross margin for network business, and it's at a good level. And if I look at the business historically, only in 2021, you had a kind of higher gross margin at around, I think something like 47%. And you're guiding to 45% to 47% for Q3. And obviously, there's an element of structure improvement with IPR. But my question is, is it as good as it gets in the second half when you have this kind of in around 47% gross margin considering in '21, you obviously had a very, very high level of sales in North America with a value out. And I think it's safe to say we are not going back to that level of volume. And so is that a fair understanding that this level of gross margin is as good as it gets, or am I missing anything?

Yeah, no, it's a good question. We are, of course, quite happy with the margins that we saw now and also what we're trying to guide for here. And it is good levels, as you say, if it's as good as it gets, that we are continuously working to improve, but it is reaching a good or a high level now, I would say.

Yeah. I think also there you should think about where are we going as an industry, right. You will see less hardware, more software. So as you think about the longer term, the product mix hasn't changed dramatically now, but that's going to look different as we move forward.

That's very clear. Thank you. And my small follow-up is just on IPR. It's just the new contract. Can I assume it's with, say, a Chinese smartphone maker that you probably didn't have a 4G or 5G license with? Is that fair to assume?

We normally don't disclose these kind of contracts, but we will see if there is, you will see it, but normally we do not share who we share and sign up contracts with.

Okay. Thank you.

Thanks for the question, Joe. We'll move to the next question. The next question is going to come from Felix Henriksson from Nordea. Felix, your line should now be open.

Hi. Thanks for taking my question. I wanted to touch on the game plan for Vonage and the global communications platform. You now have the write-down under your belt, organic growth being negative and the business is loss making. So just wanted to hear your thoughts about the timeline. So, when do you have to achieve profitable growth in this business area to be somewhat satisfied with the acquisition here?

Super. Lars, do you want to start with any financial comments, albeit probably limited on our side, but and then Borje, we can talk a little bit about the strategic rationale as well.

No, I think, we are continuously working with managing the current business and improving that and that will require a return to growth. There has been some decisions now to step out of some of the low-margin deals that we have had and then to get back to a more of a profitable growth, especially in the global communication platform part, whereas enterprise wireless solutions there, it's more full steam ahead to capture the opportunities there. So, that is clearly in the targets. I will not give you a timeline today on that, but that is what we are definitely working on. And I think then for you Borje, to add a little bit on, let's say, the full -- the longer term picture.

Yeah, I think if we start on the global network platform, it falls down in two buckets, right. It's the strategic reason why we acquired Vonage and that's what we're actually investing in. So, we need to manage the existing business better than we have, that's for sure. But we have also seen a decline in growth rates that we didn't expect or didn't plan for. That's to be honest. And that I think is what you see on the current performance. What we are trying to do still is actually the North Star if you put it that way. That's to build a new marketplace for network APIs. And when we talk about network APIs, it becomes a technical language. But think about it, that you can have 3D positioning, for example, you have new ways of authenticating devices, you have speed on demand if you have a broadcasting camera that uses capacity, they can actually order the capacity with milliseconds latency. There are a number of these things that are now started to be implemented. That's a new way for the industry to drive a new type of revenue source the industry has not had. I mean, in reality, if you simplify it a bit, you can say it's monthly subscriptions and it's basically not linking revenues to -- neither to network investments or to costs in reality. So, we think that paradigm has to change. There are part monetization on 5G for operators. You see operators that have rolled out 5G, they typically have a bit higher ARPU when they have a bit lower cost. So they get actually gross margin expansion. But it's not a new investment case. What we can see with network APIs is that we think that is the investment case. That's actually, what we are focused on, that's not to detract from, we need to run the business better than we have. So, that's an element of improvement that we need to do. And that's what Lars said here, we review where we are, what products we offer, how we offer them, et cetera, to actually optimize the current business. But that's also why, when we talk about it, it's actually our focus is on the global network platform, not on the per se existing business of Vonage. Then on enterprise wireless solutions, it's full steam ahead. We have a product offering of wireless ones as well as dedicated networks, and we're seeing -- it's been an experimental market so far on dedicated networks, but we're seeing that increasingly pick up with actually some interesting customer wins. So, I think that is an emerging market as well. So, of course, we're working on two emerging opportunities here, which are you know will require some more time before you see the contribution in the P&L. But it's all part of the notion, how do we leverage the cellular technology for new applications and for driving new revenues to the industry.

Great. Thanks for the question, Felix. We will move on to the next question. The next question will come from the line of Janardan Menon at Jefferies. Your line is now open. Please go ahead.

Hi. Good morning and thanks for taking the question. One question and a short follow-up. The question is on the Q3, gross margin in networks, again on the 45% to 47%. I'm just wondering, what are the specific upward drivers of that gross margin, because I would calculate roughly between 100 and 200 basis points of sort of IPR impact, which you're sort of guiding that you will cover in the current quarter. So, is that coming from a better mix because of more US revenue versus sort of lower margin revenue, or is it coming from further cost reduction? That's my first question. And the follow-up is just on the competitive environment you were talking about Latin America, Africa, et cetera. But in Germany, there was recently some news flow about them excluding Chinese vendors from their core network. Does that signal any improvement in the European environment, which also, you've said, has been competitive in the past more than what the market thinks or is that not really yet coming through to the RAN side and just still on the core side, et cetera?

Thanks, Janardan. So, Lars, first on the margin drivers into Q3.

I think you have done the calculations, so I'd say we had a bit of positive impact in Q2. So, taking that off that shows a bit of an underlying improvement, and we have the cost-out activities that we expect to support. And then, of course, also a bit of the geographical mix, as you mentioned. So, I think that is, you are capturing it rather well in that sense. And then, of course, on the downside, we have still a declining market compared to last year. So, those are the key components. And on the other question, I think it's better for you, Borje, to give your point of view.

Yeah, I think it's still a bit too early to have a view on what's going to happen in Europe. We saw the legislation being passed or announced. I think we'll have to see how that impacts the market.

Understood. All right. Thanks.

Thanks for the question. We've got time just for a couple more questions. So, the next question will come from the line of Richard Kramer at Arete. Your line is now open. Please go ahead.

Thanks very much. Borje, I want to go back to Vonage, and given the further write-downs, which are now over SEK4 billion, I want to ask you, who's ultimately accountable for this level of value destruction and sort of what conclusions should investors draw that the management has learned lessons from this level of losses, which, I mean, it's really the largest we've seen since shortly after you arrived in 2017. And maybe alongside that with Lars, do you need to adjust your EBITA targets, given that they had been changed from EBIT to EBITA to include the larger amortization post-Vonage, and now you'll obviously have much lower amortization? Thanks.

It's clearly, I'm accountable as CEO, no choice about that. So you can have that there, but hold your horses a bit before you assess the overall transaction until we know if we can create a separate new market for network APIs, I think that's where our focus was the whole time. Maybe we have not delivered on the current performance of the existing business. Take that. We need to improve that. So let's take a look at this in a few -- once we see how the market for network API pans out.

Yeah. And on the EBITA, as you state, we will have less to amortize, but as it does not impact EBITA, it will not impact the EBITA level as such, but there will be a somewhat lower amortization going forward. I think that's also part of the outlook guidance we give.

Great. Thanks for the question, Richard, and we will move to our final question today. So, final question today is coming from the line of Didier Scemama at Bank of America. Didier, your line should now be open. Please go ahead.

Yes. Good morning, Daniel. Thank you for taking my question. And good morning, everyone. Just a quick one. It's on this comment you made on increased China competition or Chinese vendor's competition. I've got a simple question. Should we conclude from your commentary and the guidance you've given on revenue and margins that you're happy to give up market share to protect your gross margins? And related to that, if you don't, are you prepared to provide vendor financing in those emerging markets as we've seen in the past, given the FX headwinds that some of your customers are facing? Thank you.

Sure. Borje, some high-level thoughts on that one. Thank you.

Yeah, there is -- and this is very dependent on how the customer situation looks like. It depends also on choice. I mean, this is overall in the customer's hands. The customers need to make a choice of vendor balance, what the risk profile they take with different vendor balances, et cetera. So, it's very hard to give you a generic answer, right. And then so -- but I would say for us, what we know is that we need to be able to deliver a healthy gross profit in order to be able to invest in technology leadership. So for us, if that requires us to be disciplined and we're going to continue to be that on how we take market share, I think you have seen that over the last few years that we've been rather disciplined in managing the overall gross profit of the company. We've been able to do that and still gain market share. So, it actually comes back to another question, which is the technology leadership we have with the type of portfolio we can offer, we're actually able to do both. Is that always you can take that for granted? No, you can't. You need to make sure you invest in leadership and invest in the portfolio. And that's why we try to manage the total business with the gross profit and the need to invest in technology and trading those two off in order again to win in the marketplace in the long run, it's always expensive to give up footprint. I know that and you know that as well. So we need to manage both and how it looks will depend on individual situations, but we're not -- unless we get paid for our technology, why should we take off a contract?

Brilliant. Thank you. May I ask a follow-up?

If it's very brief Didier, we're just about out of time, but please go ahead.

Very brief. Your main competitor in Europe just acquired an optical vendor to, sort of, bigger footprint in data center and sort of AI. I know it's not your focus. How should we think about Ericsson's role, if any, in data center in the future? Thank you.

Yeah, I think that -- I think they're in a very different position than we are. They already have a business there. So, for them, it's kind of a rational acquisition. For us that, I think that's a market we serve through the access technology and we -- but seeing us to directly sell to data centers is rather unlikely.

Brilliant. Enjoy your summer.

Thanks. You too.

Super. That concludes today's conference call. Thanks, everyone, for joining, and we'll catch up after the summer.