Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for joining us today. My name is Emily, and I'll be your conference operator for this session. Welcome to Grab's First Quarter, 2023 Earnings Results Call. [Operator Instructions]. I will now turn it over to Vivian Tong to start the call.

Good day, everyone, and welcome to Grab's first quarter 2023 earnings call. I'm Vivian Tong, Head of U.S. Investor Relations at Grab, and joining me today are Anthony Tan, Chief Executive Officer; Alex Hungate, Chief Operating Officer; and Peter Oey, Chief Financial Officer. During the call today, Anthony will discuss our key strategic and business achievements, followed by Alex will provide operational highlights, and Peter will share details of our first quarter 2023 financial results. Following the prepared remarks, we will open the call to questions where Anthony, Peter, and Alex will respond to the Q&A. As a reminder, today's discussion contains forward-looking statements about the company's future business and financial performance. These statements are based on our beliefs and expectations as of today. Actual events and results could differ materially due to a number of risks and uncertainties including macroeconomic, industry, business, regulatory, and other risks, which are described in our Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022, and other filings with the SEC. We do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements. The discussion today also contains non-IFRS financial measures, which should be considered together with rather than a substitute for IFRS financial measures. A reconciliation of non-IFRS to IFRS financial measures is included in this quarter's earnings material. For more information and additional disclosures on recent business performance, please refer to our earnings press release and supplemental presentation for a detailed first quarter 2023 financial review, which can be found on our IR website. And with that, I will turn the call over to Anthony to deliver his opening remarks.

Thank you for joining us today. We kicked off 2023 with a solid set of results for the first quarter. Consistent with our focus to drive sustainable growth, Grab's year-on-year performance was strong with revenues more than doubling and adjusted EBITDA losses being reduced by 77%. With five consecutive quarters of adjusted EBITDA improvements under our belt, we remain disciplined in executing our strategy, accelerating our path to profitability, and extending our category leadership across mobility and food deliveries. As we look ahead towards the rest of the year, we expect continued growth off the back of four key trends that we are seeing. Firstly, we're seeing encouraging user trends. Monthly transacting users on our platform are growing at a healthy pace. We remain focused on building more innovative and affordable products and services that will allow us to sustainably serve a greater segment of Southeast Asia. secondly, Mobility demand continues on a positive trajectory, with travelers returning to Southeast Asia and demand picking up domestically. We've rolled out a series of product enhancements and partnerships to capture a greater share of the high-value traveler market and are optimistic about further recovery in the tourism segment, especially with China's reopening. Thirdly, despite seasonal headwinds impacting deliveries in the first quarter, we strengthened the profitability of our largest segment. Our focus on offering the best range of choice, affordable options, and value from our GrabUnlimited subscriptions program positions us well for the rest of the year. Finally, Demand for Financial Services within our ecosystem remains very healthy. We're seeing greater lending activity with the rollout of several credit products across various markets. including GXS Bank in Singapore. And this is all being done in a risk-prudent manner. I also want to share my thoughts around AI, which has always played a…

Thank you, Anthony. I'll dive deeper into the business and operational highlights by segment, starting with Mobility. Mobility displayed strong year-on-year revenue and GMV growth in the first quarter. Demand remains strong with mobility MTUs in the first quarter, increasing 28% year-on-year and 3% quarter-on-quarter, fueled by a return of international travelers to the region, as well as further normalization of local commutes across our markets. Notably, airport rides increased by 133% year-on-year and 7% quarter-on-quarter with ample room to recover further as we were still only at 69% of pre-COVID levels. We've rolled out tech and product enhancements to support international travel demand including Chinese, Japanese, and Korean versions of the app, menu translations, and image-based guides to pick up points for more than 4,000 venues across Southeast Asia. We've partnered with other leading consumer apps such as WeChat, AliPay, Ctrip, Kakao and Booking.com to make grab services available through those apps when tourists enter the region. Our ongoing efforts to rebuild and optimize our driver supply base have also continued to yield positive results in service quality, including reduced average passenger wait time and a lower proportion of rides with surge pricing quarter-on-quarter. Driver metrics have also improved year-on-year in parallel. Active driver supply is up 10%, and both total active driver online hours and active driver earnings per transit hour are up by 14%. As a result of these initiatives in the first quarter of 2023, we extended our category leadership in ride-hailing across the region over the prior quarter. Over the rest of this year, we expect to see a continued increase in demand from travelers and local commuters. At the same time, we will push deeper into every market by offering affordable mobility options across the region, including relaunching grab share. Now let's review our…

Thanks, Alex. We delivered a healthy set of results this quarter, setting a good pace for the rest of the year and remaining on track towards achieving group adjusted EBITDA breakeven in the fourth quarter of 2023. Revenues in the first quarter grew by 130% year-on-year or 139% on a constant currency basis and 5% quarter-on-quarter to reach $525 million. The strong revenue growth came from all segments of our business. For mobility, revenues grew 72% year-on-year and 3% quarter-on-quarter to $194 million underpinned by the continued growth of international and domestic ride-hailing demand. For deliveries, revenues grew by 203% year-on-year and 3% quarter-on-quarter to $275 million as we further optimize our incentive spend and saw higher contributions from Jaya Grocer. As a reminder, there was a change in business model in the prior quarter in certain delivery offerings in one of our markets, which is not reflected in the first quarter of last year. Financial Services revenue for the quarter grew 233% year-on-year to $38 million from $11 million in the same period last year and grew 38% from $28 million in the previous quarter. The improvement was attributed to continued growth in ecosystem lending and greater optimization of incentives. For enterprise and new initiatives, revenues improved 29% year-on-year in the first quarter to reach $18 million as we focus on driving profitable transactions within our advertising business. Turning over to Group GMV. We recorded year-on-year growth of 3% or 7% on a constant currency basis to reach $5 billion in the first quarter. On a segment level, Mobility GMV continues to grow strongly, increasing 46% year-on-year or 51% on a constant currency basis as we track towards pre-COVID levels by the end of 2023. Deliveries GMV was $2.3 billion and declined 9% year-on-year or 4% on a constant…

Ladies and gentlemen, we will now start the question-and-answer portion of the call. Joining us for the question-and-answer session will be Anthony Tan, Chief Executive Officer; Anthony Tan, Chief Financial Officer; and Alex Hungate, Chief Operating Officer. [Operator Instructions]. Our first question today comes from Pang Vit with Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Good evening, and congratulations on a good set of number. And Anthony, congratulations on the arrival of your baby Aaron as well. Two questions from me, please. Firstly, I noticed from market trends that your market share for on-demand has improved considerably in the quarter, I think especially in Indonesia. Your top line holding up stronger than peers. Can you share with us what have you done differently than your peers here? Also, are you able to provide more color on the strong growth trends you were seeing in April and May from Mobility and Deliveries. That's question number one. Question number two, on your upgraded guidance on adjusted EBITDA. Can we understand what had changed in the quarter that allows management to see an improvement in EBITDA burn versus prior guidance. How do you plan to achieve this? And what does your guidance imply for segmental EBITDA across Mobility and Deliveries. Can you also walk us through our quarterly EBITDA trend even if you use the high end of your full-year guidance and expect you to basically reach EBITDA breakeven by fourth quarter, we have to assume more quarter-on-quarter loss for second quarter and third quarter. So, a little bit of the bridge here would be helpful. And lastly, corporate costs, how do you expect that to trend after we saw a $7 million improvement Q-on-Q here in what is particularly your quarter with improvement and promotion as well.

Thanks for your question, Pang. There's a lot to deal with. So, I'll start and Peter will continue. Now during the quarter, we spent a significant amount of effort investing into improving driver supply. And our fulfillment rates also improved across all our countries. As a result, we actually saw the number of active drivers on our platform increase 10% year-on-year, while retention rates have remained healthy. Overall trips also for transit hour has improved, providing more income for our driver partners. As we continue to offer more affordable services across our markets, we've also managed to reduce the proportion of surged Mobility rights. I know probably good news for, Pang, that results in strong demand uplift. As a result, we see that our MTU for Mobility in the first quarter increased 28% year-on-year. Now we've also expanded our products to capture a wider range of the market. For example, GrabUnlimited and also Jaya loyalty program for our Malaysian supermarket, that drives up more user engagement, more stickiness at a lower cost. Just to share some quick numbers. Our GrabUnlimited users spend actually 3.7 times more than non-Unlimited users. And GrabUnlimited now comprises more than quarter of delivery GMV. Now the second thing, talking about affordability options, such as saver for Deliveries that we've launched across our markets or Grab share for mobility, that has been quite successful with price-sensitive customers. And then third, we've actually rolled out premium offerings such as GrabCar Executive, which I hope many of you will try, and that provides a high-quality service to business executives across the region. Now I remember you also asked a question about growth. On growth, we're actually encouraged by the rebound we are seeing. Now coming out of the Ramadan fasting period, that has seen continued growth even into the early weeks of May. On Mobility, we're expecting a very busy summer ahead of us with further rebound in tourism as well as increase in business demand. We're also slated to launch in Philippines, our two-wheel services as part of our affordability push. And we also maintained our expectations on Mobility GMV to return to pre-COVID levels by the end of this year. On Deliveries, we saw a strong bounce back, as I just now in demand post-Ramadan in April. And in the early weeks of May, we're seeing continued growth. Going to the second half, we aim to sustain this momentum hosting laser, laser-focused on driving towards adjusted EBITDA breakeven in the fourth quarter. So, we will continue to innovate. We will continue to reduce our cost to serve. We'll continue to leverage our scale to improve our affordability and serve more users in the region.

Okay. I'll take the second part of your question. And I think you had three parts. One was around what changed that allows us to see the improvement in EBITDA. So, I'll address that first, which I'll dovetail in terms of our future, how do we think about future quarters about EBITDA, and I'll handle your original copper costs in the final piece. So, we've now delivered, as you can tell, Pang, five consecutive quarters of adjusted EBITDA improvements. And you saw our first quarter results, which is very strong from an adjusted EBITDA. And that gave us a lot of confidence and also very encouraged to see how the business is trajectory for the remaining of this year. We're very laser-focused as Anthony and all you've listened to our prepared remarks in making sure that our Deliveries business. Our margin and EBITDA continues to grow, and we reached 2.6% all-time high. We're very committed to achieve the 3% plus that we've always been mentioning in previous calls, and we are inching closer and closer, as you can tell, in getting to that 3% Deliveries margin. You also saw improvements in our financial services. In the first quarter and a meaningful improvement in segment EBITDA and a ton of work has been going into our financial services in terms of operating costs. We to share you a bit of number here. If you look at our graph in business, our nonbank business, our OpEx reduction was 10% quarter-on-quarter, and that's on the back of what we delivered last quarter, which is 11% quarter-on-quarter reduction. So, again, all these elements that we have gives us confidence in terms of how we think about the future quarter of 2023. Now to your question, how do we think about the future quarters We…

Our next question comes from Alicia Yap with Citigroup. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Hi, and good evening, Management. Thanks for taking my question. congrats on the solid results. I have to two a little bit more medium, longer-term question. First is related to GrabPay and the DG banks. Can management share with us, what are server milestone that you would hope to achieve. For example, in one year, three years and five years-time line in terms of some of the important metrics that you are using to measure your performance. For example, the MTU, monetization per user, the take rate, the EBITDA margin improvement. So, any comments or color you could provide would be helpful in terms of the one year, two years and five years? Second question is on Mobility. I think these business segments will always encounter from time to time on various regulatory requirements, for example, the rider's income, rider's welfare, consumer safety, all these, but in the event, if the operating cost is ramping up, what is Grab as a whole, as a company, right, to think about ways to mitigate the operations, risk and also offset any margin pressure there is? Thank you.

Thanks, Alicia. This is Alex. Why don't I answer both those questions actually? The first one on the Digi banks. As you know from our Investor Day, we're focused on supporting our own ecosystem with our Digi banks, which we believe allows us to better manage risk and credit costs through the cycle. So, much better than, for example, if we were a stand-alone bank outside of an ecosystem. And that's one reason why we expect to break even sooner than a stand-alone bank. The other reason, of course, is we have lower acquisition costs because they're already customers of grab. So as a result, as we shared during Investor Day, we aim to break even for the Digibank operations by the end that's for all three banks, Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia. So, to your question, I guess, the first key milestone that I can reaffirm with you is that we intend to break even across the entire Digibank operations by the end of 2026, three-year, that's a three-year milestone. Given that the Malaysian and Indonesian banks will only launch in the second half of this year, 2023. Still early days for the Digibanks because we've only just launched in Singapore so far, and our growth has been limited by the deposit cap where we're basically operating already just below the cap. However, the key operating measures, just to share with you that we are tracking during this period are Net Promoter Score and other engagement measures around the transaction pattern. In the longer term, the five-year -- our vision is not to be the largest bank in our market. We are focused on supporting our own ecosystem. So, the size will be proportionate to the GMV and the MTU base that the ecosystem has we do believe that we…

Our next question comes from Piyush Choudhary with HSBC. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Thanks a lot for the opportunity, and congratulations on steadily narrowing the losses. Two questions from my side. Firstly, group MTUs have been stable quarter-on-quarter at around $33 million. So what efforts are being taken to drive growth in MTU? And can you provide us an update on the expansion to new cities to drive this MTU growth? Secondly, in digital Financial Services, can you give us color on out of the total operating cost, how much is variable and how much is fixed? I'm trying to understand what is the room for either cost to come down or business with the same fixed cost can support much higher level of revenue opportunities. So, is there a lot of operating leverage opportunity here? So, your thoughts here and outlook for this segment would be appreciated. Thank you.

Thanks so much. I appreciate it. On the first question on MTUs. MTUs actually grew year-on-year to $33.3 million in the first quarter. Now we are actually optimistic on growing our user base on the back of improving the affordability of our Deliveries services and our Mobility services, and alongside the continued recovery we are seeing in tourism demand and in driver supply. So that also supports the Mobility business growth. Now looking ahead, there's still a lot of potential to grow the total addressable market given, one, the sizable online population in the region, and yet if you look at our core services, that is still largely underpenetrated. The fundamentals also are strong with a large expanding and growing population and rising middle class and one that is rapidly digitalizing. Today, Grab only sells one in 20 people every month. So, this means there's still plenty of room for us to grow. Now how do we think about growing MTUs we actually have a multipronged approach to widen our reach across the region. First, we are evolving our products and services to appeal to a broader range of users. Second, we're penetrating into cities, and I talked about it just now with whether it's Saver, whether it's Grab Share, things like that. Second, we're also penetrating in the cities with new services, and that actually took a backseat during the pandemic. So, this is especially important for outside of the capital cities. So, what we call OTC expansion. The third is we're also increasing our product offerings within the Financial Services segment that Alex talked about to serve our ecosystem partners. So, when we talk about increasing demand, we don't really think about for especially increasing demand for affordable services. It's not just about lowering prices, but growing in a category that we also grow the bottom line. So how do we do that? Innovation is absolutely key to do that. So, we innovate using our technology to lower the cost to serve so that we can actually take that cost savings and pass it on to the customer. So, Grab continues to have plenty of growth opportunities we're in pole position to capture the large total addressable market given the power of our ecosystem and the scale. And we will execute this multipronged approach I just talked about to grow their user base.

Thanks, Anthony. Piyush, why don't I take the second question on the financial services. Just to recap the strategy for the payments business is to push down the fixed costs while growing volume. And actually, there's some evidence in the numbers over the last couple of quarters that we've been able to achieve that. So, this quarter, the cost for Grab in came down 10% quarter-on-quarter, and then that built on an 11% reduction in the prior quarter. So, you can see that we are driving down those fixed costs even while the financial transaction volumes are going up. Net-net, if you look across the banks and GrabFin together, about 50% of the costs are fixed at this time and about 50% of variable supporting, for example, the 45% year-on-year increase in loan disbursements that we've had in this quarter. Now the proportion of fixed costs actually is going down. So, a lot of those quarter-on-quarter reductions that I just quoted were taken out of that fixed cost piece. So, we are getting more operating leverage, and that's a key part of the strategy. Maybe, Peter, you want to comment on the profitability profile.

Yes. So Piyush, the way to think about it is -- as you can tell, we made some good strides from the first quarter of our Financial Services segment in terms of profitability. Now we've got a couple of bank launches coming up in the second half of this year, one in Malaysia, one in Indonesia. And as we launch those, obviously, there will be some costs related to that as we launch -- as we go to market for those two countries. And what you'll see is that the peak of the financial services cost structure at Q2, Q3 levels. So overall, what we expect is relatively a flattish level of EBITDA loss -- you've got the puts and takes between our Grab find business and our Digibank business, but we won't see losses worsening post those two investment quarters that we have in terms of our Digibank launching, while the graphing cost continues to come down.

Thanks a lot, its very helpful.

Our next question comes from Mark Mahaney with Evercore. Please go ahead, Mark. Your line is open.

I just want to ask one question about the incentives. This disclosure you provide is great about the incentives per segment, and they've -- there's a very clear pattern of them coming down as a percentage of DMV. I assume that will continue to be the case. Is there a natural steady-state level that you think that those overall incentives can come down to? Is there one of the segments that indicates where incentives can kind of base out and just help us think about how low can they go. Thank you.

Hi, Mark, this is Peter. Let me take that one. Yes, incentive has been coming down, especially in Deliveries, we saw another improvement of roughly about 70 bps from a quarter-on-quarter as a percentage of GMV. I think where we are today, there's still opportunities in the Deliveries for us to continue to optimize. Now we're balancing that also, Mark, as we think about the marketplace and also looking at potential opportunities where we can also to gain and improve our category position. So, we're keeping a close eye on our continuing leadership as well as we're continuing to also stimulate further growth in our Deliveries business, but we are committed in getting to that 3% margin that we've stated plus that we've stated multiple times now. So, it's that delicate balance that we'll continue to manage. Mobility, what we did see is a little bit of uptick in terms of incentives, about 60 bps on a quarter-on-quarter, and we reinvested that into the marketplace. We are seeing very strong demand in the Mobility at the moment. And Mobility, if looking at the past three quarters, if you look at from Q2 to where we are last four quarters, we've been hovering around that 7% as an incentive as a percentage of GMV. I think we're comfortable so far what we're seeing in terms of that level of incentives. Again, the balancing act in the marketplace. Again, the number of drivers that we have on the road and the demand that we're seeing, there will be time to time where we might flex a little bit more in incentives to make sure that the driver supply can meet the healthy consumer experience with our demand. But what you're seeing today is in deliveries, further opportunities and Mobility will continue to hover around the 7% mark.

Thank you, Peter.

Thanks, Mark.

Our next question comes from Sachin Salgaonkar with Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Congrats for a good set of numbers. I have a couple of questions. One would be great to understand from you the competitive landscape, both in Mobility and delivery, and how that has changed in the last few months? And second, I'll perhaps go back to the guidance. Given the fact that your run rate at GMV on Deliveries and Mobility appears to be good. And even if you assume your continuing run rate at the loss reduction continues, then one gets a clear sense that your guidance is conservative, especially the breakeven at 4Q. And you did mention the fact that when you give guidance, you talked about conservative, but just wanted to understand any particular reasons you guys are looking at it? And maybe a related question to that is any range of investment you guys could provide us from investments in Digibank for this year and next year? Thanks.

Thanks, Sachin. This is Alex. Let me take the first question. Our primary focus, frankly, is on our consumers rather than our competitors. You've heard a consistent theme in all the comments this evening about striving for greater affordability even while we improve reliability. We've seen that, that has worked in the first quarter and has allowed us to grow our competitive physician leadership even further in the quarter. Therefore, we're going to double down on that. We're going to do more of that. Our competitors don't have the scale that we have, and therefore, that operating leverage that we get out of the scale allows us to be affordable and more profitable. And so, at the same time, we've been able to reduce incentives and improve margins in the quarter. So that's our key focus. It's true that the competitive spending on incentives, which was largely funded by shareholders' money in the past is definitely drying up, which means that the environment continues to be conducive for that push on incentive. We've been able to take 500 basis points out of the deliverer’s incentives year-on-year. So that's obviously a conducive environment to be that rapid in the improvement. But like I said, our primary incentive -- our primary focus has been and will continue to be on providing great service with great reliability to consumers at affordable prices. In that way, that will allow us to continue to grow the addressable market in Southeast Asia. We're still at only one in 20 of the addressable market in Southeast Asia. So that's our key focus rather than taking share of competitors, our key focus is in growing the market through better affordability and better service.

Sachin, I'll take the next one. I think your question was around our EBITDA guidance, I think you're questioning the conservativeness of the guidance. I think, yes, there are conservativeness in the guidance, and we believe that's a philosophy that we take as a management team, it's important that we feel that we give the business and our leaders also the flexibility to make sure that our marketplace is healthy. We also give us the ability also to make sure that when we need extra supply of drivers for an example, we're able to tap into that and also to offer support to our merchants and also consumers. So again, the healthy marketplace is critical and our market leadership tied to that marketplace is equally as important. So, we control those levers. You've seen that quarter-on-quarter now five consecutive quarters of able to demonstrate our levers within our reach, and we know we're trying to pull, but our delivery and our margins is always in sight where we want to achieve. So, I give you -- I hope that gives you a bit of a color in terms of how we think about it and how we're going forward. Now it's early days. We still -- this is a first quarter earnings report. So, we still have three more quarters to do. But so far, we're feeling pretty good about the business. Your third question, I think it was around Digibank [ph]. Look, we don't comment in terms of the level of investment that we're making. Again, there is a set of -- that we work with because it's a joint venture with Sing Tel. So, we balance that in terms of what's needed. But what I can assure you is that we're very careful. We're very cautious in terms of how we deploy capital for our digital banks. As Alex mentioned earlier, we have a very clear target to break even over the next three years for our Digibank business. We are launching over the next six months, we will allocate capital where it's required with our joint venture partner but again, it's very important that every dollar that we deploy against the bank itself that there is a set of returns that we're looking to get back over the next future period. And that's how we're looking at the Digibank investments.

Our next question comes from Navin Killa with UBS. Please go ahead.

Hi, thank you, for the opportunity. I actually had three questions. If I look at your peak rates for both delivery and mobility, they seem to have declined quarter-on-quarter. I just wanted to understand, are there any particular kind of strategic initiatives that you took? Or how should we look at this going forward? Secondly, on the Delivery business, medium-term margin target of 3%, you're obviously tracking well ahead of that. I guess my question is, how do you look at that number itself? Do you think there is upside to that? And I guess the reason I'm asking this is because when I look at mobility, when your margin kind of went above the target levels, we have seen you kind of reinvest back to drive growth. Would it be fair to assume that, that's how you'd probably take the Delivery business as well? And the last question I had, if you could share with us your loan book for the Financial Services. Thank you.

Okay. I mean let me take all those three questions. Let me take the first one around take rates. I think you mentioned Mobility, Deliveries. Actually, if you look at the numbers, both on the commission rate, which is as a -- this is pre-revenue from your GMV all the way to gross billings. Our deliveries was relatively flat. I mean it's 30 bps down, but really, it was 23.8% in the fourth quarter. It's roughly 23.5% in the first quarter of this year. Mobility was actually flat, 23.4% on a quarter-on-quarter basis. If you look at the net tech rate from a revenue standpoint, actually Deliveries was slight was 40 bps up and Mobility was about 50 bps down. And then part of that is as you look at Mobility as we were reinvesting back into the marketplace. Again, we had very strong demand in the first quarter, and we wanted to make sure that as part of the mix, the healthy marketplace, especially for consumer experience, we were looking to -- we reinvest it back into our driver supply. Again, that will move from time to time as we look at just the condition of the marketplace and also as we continue to make sure our category position leadership continues to be very strong. Second question, around Deliveries, our margin of 3%. If you look at some of our core markets today, actually, the majority of our core markets today, they're actually tracking above 3% from a margin side. And that gives us strong confidence that gives us a lot of playbook that we can deploy also in some of the other couple of countries that inching closer also towards the 3%. So as a business overall, we're committed to that 3%, again, at the same time also just similar to Mobility, it will be time to time where we may redeploy some of those margins into the marketplace, whether it's on the merchant side, the driver side or even the consumer side also. Again, to make sure it's a balanced marketplace. So far in the first quarter, we didn't need to do that. We manage -- we got an all-time high in terms of the delivery margin there. But overall, stepping back, the 3% plus that we said multiple times now, we're very committed, and we'll balance that along the way in the future quarters.

Maybe just to add on to what Peter was saying. I think when we talk about Plus, strategically, we're thinking about the advertising upside. The advertising business is still very small, still early days. But you can see year-on-year the way we've managed to drive much higher margin. So, generating in this quarter now $8 million. So still small, but that's an $9 million contribution to the bottom line. So, when we think about growing the Deliveries business and reinvesting into growth. One of the reasons for that is we want to have a good scale advertising platform with sufficient reach to really grow the very profitable advertising business in the future.

Thanks, Alex. Yes. And Navin, on your last question about the share loan book, we don't disclose that number. But you heard from the prepared remarks that our loan disbursements was up 45% year-on-year. And what's key here is our credit cost is at a very healthy level. And also, our NPLs is also at a very low level also. So, we're balancing the risk as well as also making sure we're feeding into our ecosystem for our lending business.

This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Peter for any closing remarks.

Thank you, everyone, for taking the time to join our call today. We appreciate everyone's time. And if you have any questions, please feel free to reach out to our Investor Relations team or visit our Investor Relations website. Thank you. We'll speak again in Q2. Thank you.

This concludes Grab's first quarter 2023 earnings conference Call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.