Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. Welcome to the 3M 2016 Outlook Conference Call. During the presentation, all participants will be in a listen only mode. Afterwards, we will conduct a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded, Tuesday, December 15, 2015. I would now like to turn the call over to Matt Ginter, Treasurer and Vice President of Investor Relations at 3M.

Thank you. Good morning everyone and welcome. On the call today are Inge Thulin, 3M’s Chairman, President and CEO; and Nick Gangestad, our Chief Financial Officer. Each will make some formal comments, and then we’ll take your questions. Today’s press release and slide presentation are posted on our Investor Relations website at 3m.com. Now please turn to slide number two for a reminder of some upcoming 3M investor events. On March 29th, we will be hosting an Investor Day at our headquarters in St. Paul. During this event, you’ll have a chance to hear from a variety of 3M leaders and we also plan to showcase our new state-of-the-art R&D technology center. We expect to introduce a new five-year plan through the year 2020 in conjunction with this event, and I hope you can join us. Also note the dates for next year’s quarterly earnings calls scheduled for January 26th, April 26th, July 26th and October 25th. Please take a moment to read the forward-looking statement on slide three. During today’s conference call, we will make certain predictive statements that reflect our current views about 3M’s future performance and financial results. These statements are based on certain assumptions and expectations of future events that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Item 1A of our most recent Form 10-K lists some of the most important risk factors that could cause actual results to differ from our predictions. Now if you’d please turn to slide four and I will hand off to Inge.

Thank you, Matt and good morning. And thank you for joining us today. Today we will lay out our outlook for 2016. But before we address next year, however I will make some comments about the current state of 3M and how we are building a company that is positioned to drive efficient growth, both today and into the future. Please turn to slide five. At 3M, we are guided by our vision which is inspirational and something for us to reach for. It’s layout how we are striving to advance, enhance and improve every company, every home and every life. And we do that through technology, products and innovation. We complement our vision with six strategies which are operationalized throughout the Company. The first four strategies focus on growth, the fifth is around people and the last strategy is around operational excellence. Our team’s relentless focus on operational excellence has been critical throughout 2015 and will continue to support our success in what we expect to be another slow growth environment in 2016. On slide six you see our entire playbook which we’re executing in order to create more value for customers and shareholders. In addition to our vision and strategies, we also have laid out six leadership behaviors along with our code of conduct which defines how we live and work. Our commitment to doing business the right way is constantly reinforced throughout our Company. Finally, our three key levers portfolio management, investing in innovation and business transformation represent three big value creators for our enterprise and I will go into more detail on those later. Please turn to slide seven. As always, we’re focused on executing our playbook, making investments for the future, and managing those things within our control, in other words controlling the controllable. This…

Thank you, Inge and good morning everyone. Please turn to slide 18. Before I address the 2016 outlook, let me provide a few comments as we close out 2015. Global end-market demand continues to be soft, as reflected in declining macroeconomic forecast, a trend that has had a notable impact on our industrial business, particularly in the United States. We are also seeing weaker than expected demand in the consumer electronics market which is impacting our electronics and energy business. Therefore today, we’re updating guidance for the full year. We expect organic local currency growth to be approximately 1% versus prior guidance of 1.5% to 2%. As a result, we forecast full year GAAP earnings to be approximately $7.55 per share versus a prior range of $7.60 to $7.65. As Inge mentioned, we now forecast a full year free cash flow conversion rate of approximately 100% versus a prior range of 95% to 100%. On the Q3 earnings call, we announced the corporate restructuring plan, which will be completed by the end of the year. This action will result in a fourth quarter pretax charge of $100 million or approximately $0.14 per share. Let’s now look to 2016, starting on slide 19. As Inge said, heading into next year, our teams will continue to be focused on executing our playbook, controlling the controllable and making investments for long-term success. We expect positive but slow economic growth in 2016. So once again, our ongoing emphasis on operational excellence will help us deliver another year of efficient growth. We expect 2016 earnings per share to grow between 7% and 12% with approximately 80% of this growth coming from operations. As always, investing in the business remains our top priority. This includes CapEx and R&D which drives organic growth, as well as strategic…

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Andrew Obin of Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Please proceed with your question.

Yes, it’s a two-part question. Good morning.

Good morning, Andrew.

First question, just lowering guidance; we’re still haven’t finished Q4. Can you just be more specific as to where are you seeing headwinds, specifically by geographies or markets?

Yes, Andrew. As I said earlier, it does reflect the reality globally of what we’re seeing. We’re seeing particular weakness in industrial related businesses in the United States, and we’re also seeing weaker than expected demand in consumer electronics. For the quarter, we’re estimating organic growth in electronics and energy to be down high single-digits and we’re estimating industrial and safety and graphics to be down low single-digits. Our health care and consumer businesses were continuing to see good performance, Andrew.

And just another question, if I understood correctly, so you had your ‘13 to ‘17 five-year plan and you are talking about rolling out new plan in 2016. So does that mean we’re sort of scrapping, going to scrape the old five-year plan and just going to roll out new targets; am I understanding this correctly? Sorry.

Well, we were talking about the new five-year plan. And as you recall, the way we laid out the plan in 2012 with the targets around free cash flow conversion, returning invested capital, EPS growth and organic growth, I think we’re on track relative to that plan generally speaking with a couple of metrics actually ahead; free cash flow conversion and return on invested capital, we are ahead on that. And then I will say we go -- maybe we’ll be as you look forward now as to what have changed a little bit, have been more of a challenge for most people around growth, as you know. So, I think it’s time for us to look upon the target, as we move ahead. And I think March is a good time for us to do that. With that said, I’m personally very pleased with how we are operating and the way the playbook is working also for us. So, it’s -- but I think, I think specifically around the growth portion, if you -- the expectation in 2012 way back then was slightly different than it is today. And we can even see some changes around the world. Yes, the last year or maybe the last six months, as you know, if you look upon what was expected then from developing world versus what we see and developed world versus what we see. So, we’ve all been around long enough to see the business shift in the last three years. And I think we also like to make sure we all understand it, and that we put the resources in the right place and you guys also know what to expect for us as we move forward. I am very encouraged about the plan that is in place and executed but we’ve made some shift, the positive shifts I would say in our portfolio as well. So, we have done all this work that we have done the last three years. I think to take a new look at the plan and talk to you guys about it, I think it’s appropriate to do it.

Our next question comes from the line of Julian Mitchell of Credit Suisse. Please proceed with your question.

Just wanted to start off with a question on the geographic outlook, so maybe Nick, give a bit more color on Q4, if the U.S. is the only region that’s down in sales year-on-year; were there other regions as well? And then on the 2016 geographic outlook, I was intrigued you talked about China growing, so is that just on the assumption that there’s a sharp sort of step change sometime early next year? And also in EMEA, you had a down number at the bottom end of the range, even though EMEA seems to have been a fairly steady performance recently, so any color on that?

Well, this is Inge. I think first of all to -- if you look upon 2016 and the outlook -- you talked about China. We have China and Japan actually low to mid single digit growth. And I was recently in China, and I would say there’s of course growth. You have to prioritize and execute the plan. And I don’t think, generally speaking, that -- you talked about the step change, I don’t know if it’s a step change. This is the second biggest economy in the world; there’s growth, generally speaking, specifically to what I would call domestic businesses; and by definition, our penetration is low. So, we should grow there, no doubt about it. And our plan is good. Our plan is good and we have prioritized right there. I think if you talk about next year, I think that Latin America and Canada, we talk about 1% to 4% I think in that part of the world. In Latin America specifically, they would do okay, driven by Mexico. I think Brazil still would be a challenge. And I think we have to think about that for maybe one, eventually two more years before Brazil will come back to how we remember Brazil in the past. And then, we have to see what is happening in West Europe. And I would say that you heard here that we talk about the type of on the lower end of course. And there’s a lot of geopolitical things that are going on that is putting some, I would say uncertainty in a way. Now again, my view is West Europe is a very sophisticated market. They’re driving a lot of technology advancements there, which is good for 3M. So, there will not be a stellar growth but we are…

And just my second question would be on pricing. If you exclude the sort of the FX adjustment impact, how you feel about pricing entering into 2016 versus how you felt about pricing power, say 6 or 12 months ago?

Julian, when we strip out FX, our core pricing excluding pricing actions we take in reaction to FX movements, that core has been over a period of years in the 30 to 50 basis-point range, it’s probably been in about the 30 basis-point range for 2015. And we think that range is about right for us going forward into 2016. We’re not seeing the change on that front, Julian.

Our next question comes from the line of Steven Winoker with Bernstein. Please proceed with your question.

This is George Zhao on for Steve. As you put together your 2016 organic growth forecast, how much of the business did you say you have a decent visibility into distribution of direct sales rather than looking at IPI or other macro forecast?

Well, I think it all depends on the different business groups, as you know. If you think about 3M, we have a lot of businesses that are spec and designed in and then you have type of I would say consumables. So, I think on the spec and design-in, we have a very good view on it. And on consumables, maybe sometime one or two layers back. But I would say that we have pretty good visibility in the different businesses relative to inventory situations. And that’s a combination, as you know of facts and some art relative to the connection into the different business groups. So, you take that and you -- I don’t think anyone to be honest will have a total picture of it, at any company. I’ve never met anyone that can tell me in total how it looked like. So, I think it’s a combination of -- you feel the fabric of the business and then you of course look upon the growth rate that is estimated in a marketplace which is a strong indicator, if you like relative to how we should plan moving forward. So, I think it’s a combination of science and art, to be honest.

And then Nick, kind of piece together your all-in margin assumptions for next year, given the EPS walk and getting close to 60 basis points. Am I in the right ballpark there and could you provide some more color on that margin assumption?

Yes, George, I’ll go through that in a little more detail from a margin perspective. 2016 will be another year where we’re expecting margin enhancement. At the midpoint of our guidance that would assume that we’re at approximately a 150 basis points of margin expansion for 2016. And the drivers of that margin expansion year-on-year are restructuring that we’ve covered, both the impact to 2015 and to 2016, pension, the additional productivity, price raw material benefit and to some extent volume depending on where we are in that 1% to 3% range for organic growth. And that will be partially offset -- our margin headwinds next year will be part of the strategic investments I talked about as well as FX that we see FX becoming a -- reducing our margin in 2016.

Our next question comes from the line of Joe Ritchie of Goldman Sachs. Please proceed with your question.

So, I guess my first question is really, maybe talking a little bit about the organic growth cadence in next year first half versus second half, given that we’re going to be exiting 4Q with negative organic growth, just curious how you see organic growth stepping up or down next year?

Yes, Joe, first of all, I did say earlier, we expect the first half to be more challenging for growth than the second half, for that we expect higher organic growth in the second half. If I get even more specific, the first quarter of 2016, we’ll be having our most challenging comp. Organic growth in the first quarter of 2015 was 3.3% and within that we had our electronics and energy, with high growth, the electronics business in the first quarter was up 10%. So, that’s creating a challenging comp for us in the first quarter. We’re anticipating that total Company organic growth could be slightly negative in the first quarter with increasing growth as we progress through the year.

Maybe kind of switching gears a little bit to the balance sheet. The $2 billion to $4 billion in incremental debt in 2016, I think that your growth leverage is closer to two times. So, I guess I’m just wondering with the capital allocation plans that you have moving forward, how much more capacity do you have to maintain your credit rating today?

Yes. Joe, this has been part of a journey that we announced a couple of years ago about better optimizing our capital structure. We’ve been making progress on that as we have added leverage in the last few years to our balance sheet. And just to put your question in context, as we think about that, it’s not so much managing to a particular debt rating. But if your question is if we’d add significant leverage from this point forward and whether we have the capacity or appetite to do that, we would consider that for the right strategic opportunity. And by right strategic opportunity, it would be a large strategic value enhancing acquisition that would be the most likely, nothing like that contemplated now. But we have added leverage; we’re currently adding leverage in 2016. Beyond that we’ll talk in a little more depth on that in our 2020 plan outlook that we share late in March, Joe.

Our next question is comes from the line of Shannon O’Callaghan of UBS. Please proceed with your question. Shannon O’Callaghan: Can I follow up on the West Europe guidance? It seems like sort of through the year here, you guys were hoping to and maybe encouraged by some other things you were seeing in West Europe and now are sort of guiding the minus 1, plus 1; have you seen things take step back there or maybe you can talk about some of those points of caution that you’re referencing?

If we go back to the beginning of the year and you think about the currency effect et cetera, I think that all of us at that point in time had a view that specifically export will accelerate out from West Europe. If you recall that type of thesis, that was an external view. It did not really happen. And I think it was a combination of maybe not a best execution of the European businesses, I’m not talking 3M; I’m talk about the business environment over there and some other challenges that happened in specifically in Germany I think which is more a bigger issue, both politically and around some of the companies that went being through some challenging situation. I’ll say that the latest things that happened here on November 13 in Paris is -- of course followed us maybe tempering down of how will it look like for 2016. So for us, again, it’s to say that we’re looking for margin expansion. We’re planning for situation where it will be a slow growth. And I think the best thing to do when you plan is to make sure that you’re a more conservative in an environment like that than type of living on a hope. I mean hope is not a strategy. I think you have to be cautious relative to how 2016 will be, and then hopefully it will be better. But I think it’s important for us as we’re driving for efficient growth is to make sure that if your plan is that you now make sure that your structure is as lean as possible that you take out as much layering management as you can and focus in on execution in the front end in terms of sales and marketing and commercialization because it’s…

So, first of all, you see that we are coming 5.8% in R&D investment as we speak. And if you take that whole initiative, yes -- make the summary for you where you started. We have had 30 programs started. We have 19 that we started out in ‘13; we have seven in ‘14; and we have four in ‘15. And I’d say that of all those, seven have been discontinued. Seven of them said, hey, this will not work. So I feel good about 30 in and 7 out in the process, which is for me an indication of productivity is coming big time to research and development as well. We invested $40 million in ‘13; we have total up to ‘14 -- till ‘14 we have had $100 million invested and we have seven programs now that have been in early stage of execution. So, I would say that I’m pleased with that initiative. And as you know, it’s about disruptive technologies. So, we take longer time but I’m pleased what I’m seeing and strange that sometime you’re also pleased to see that we in fact stopped something early which I said we have stopped or discontinued seven, seven on the programs. So, I think that you should think about this that we had sales in this year around -- from those programs around $200 million and I think it will be double that by ‘16 like $400 million. So you have $400 million sales by ‘16 on that initiative, which is a long term initiative. So for me to get $400 million by ‘16 is okay, is okay. I’m never happy, as you know. So, I would say, it’s okay. But I’m pleased with the evolution on it.

Our next question comes from the line of Deane Dray of RBC Capital Markets. Please proceed with your question.

On the 2016 EPS walk, I was hoping to get some additional color on some of the assumptions that went into two of the buckets: The additional productivity, so what kinds of investments are being made there on some specifics; and then also under the strategic investments. What is the ERP system in there, what are -- is there anything that’s discretionary that you might be able to roll back later in the year?

Deane, I’ll cover the additional productivity piece and for that I put a range of $0.00 to $0.10 and those are on top of everything that we’ve -- getting for productivity in 2016 from the restructuring that we’re doing in 2015. About half of that is coming from our business transformation. And by business transformation, the efforts we’re doing there, we’re working on our changing and standardizing our global business process, implementing ERP to improve our customer service and responsiveness. We’re also establishing global service centers. Inge talked about one of those being deployed. That’s a big part of that productivity. Some of the CapEx that I talked about in the past where we’re investing in automation, that’s also part of the productivity, the additional productivity the LEAN Six Sigma efforts that we have, have been putting in and continue to increase our efforts on. And all of that additional productivity, Deane, is net of any kind of inflation we see on wages. So, this is productivity that more than offsets wage inflation.

And to the other piece, you have to look upon that; they are investments that will support our ongoing portfolio efforts, and I would say, to enhance ability to serve our markets better. So we put that aside in order to make sure, as we go that we can take action in order to improve productivity, generally speaking; it could be a smaller factory somewhere that we will consolidate in one way or the other. You have to have the flexibility to make those investments as we move ahead as we strengthen the portfolio. We’ve done, as you know for the last couple of years, we have taken pieces of it here and there including business transformation, as you talked about but we’re coming to different points on business transformation. So we say, it will now become more to strengthen the portfolio, as we move ahead.

And just one follow-up, are you contemplating additional potential divestitures from the portfolio, similar to what’s being looked at on health information systems?

Well, portfolio management is an ongoing process, as you know. So, I would say that we are constantly evaluating ourselves, pieces of the portfolio, if it will create more value inside or outside of 3M. But you also know that we are very dependent on our technologies in order to drive certain businesses. So, I think that’s an important element to think about. So, I will say that what we had -- I think the interesting thing here, Deane, is to say that when we worked on that category [ph] under strategic review that started $2.5 billion, they were businesses that were underperforming versus the average of 3M, all very good businesses that were addressed; health information system is different. So that’s more a question of can we in our business model create additional value for you and for us versus doing it in a different way. But I don’t think there’s anything else in front of me at this point in time for consideration. I’ve not seen it. So, it’s not that.

Our next question comes from the line of Jeffrey Sprague of Vertical Research Partners. Please proceed with your question.

Inge, could you just maybe step back a little bit? Obviously we’re in a very unusual economic environment here. I just wonder what gives you confidence that we’re not in the early innings or something more negative than you’ve put forth for 2016. And kind of what are you looking at to kind of recalibrate that forecast as things kind of play out here the next several months; are there couple indicators, external indicators or dynamics in the business that you’re really looking to for kind of a clue on where this global economy is actually headed?

Well, first of all, we base a lot of our assumptions of course on external facts and data that is coming towards us. And then we often temper that down because we know often what’s coming out that is slightly optimistic in the beginning. And I think we have facts on that as well as that quarters and years are going, it’s all tempering down, if it’s IPI, Industrial Production Index or GDP. But then in addition to that is the important element is to index monthly and quarterly meetings that we have with the division, get the feeling of what is going on in their specific markets and then, all the trips that I do personally in order to travel around to different parts of the world in order to get the feeling for it. I will say that I don’t at this point in time see anything that is indicating for me that it will be much-much slower as we move into ‘16. So, I think what you see here is realistic based on the information that I have at hand at this point in time. I think that this change maybe as we indicated here is maybe on the consumer electronic part where you saw other indication coming out earlier this week or end of last week, where it looked like smartphones, tablets and even TVs in that space and I think also into semiconductor had flowed a little bit. But reality is those businesses go in a cycle and they will -- they would turnaround again. And as I said earlier on another question, me, myself, I’m very pleased with the work we’ve done in that business now to have a structure in place where we can produce and deliver very good margins, even in a downturn. But I would say, I’ve been around here the last quarter to most part around the world and generally speaking you say that there would be positive growth and there is growth opportunities; I think it’s up to us with the portfolio work we have done -- and I’m talking now portfolio work on a local level in each country to go after those opportunities out there, because there are growth, there are growth when you segment down and you look into specific areas. You still see good growth in, generally speaking, in healthcare and consumer around the world. So, those domestic markets are growing well and we capitalize on that. So, health care is one of the highest growth rates for us going into next year with a highest margin that we say as well. So, I think it’s important that you make those call and prioritize. And I’m very confident that the 3M team are doing it, because we’ve done it and for so many years that it’s coupled and grained in the DNA here, and coming back to our culture and model of empowering people locally to go after the opportunities that they see there.

I was wondering if you could elaborate just a little bit more on U.S. industrial. You’re certainly not alone highlighting weakness there in Q4. Would you say it’s very-very broad based or there is some pockets of strength, auto for example or anything you could just kind of give us on maybe the key vertical exposures there would be helpful?

I think it’s slowed and I will say -- I will more categorize it maybe broad based versus saying there was one specific area that’s slowed more than the other. So, I think it was broad-based, generally speaking. And the industrial sector in United States has been going very well for quite some time. So, it’s -- I would say, we’re slowing a little bit. So, it’s not a huge, someone falling off the cliff, it’s just that it’s slowing down a little bit. They’ve done very well in the big -- one of the biggest sector in the United States economy. So, I think it’s broad-based. That’s what we see at least. We cannot call out one division or business inside industrial business group that is falling off more than the other. I think it’s broad-based.

Our next question comes from the line of Nigel Coe of Morgan Stanley. Please proceed with your question.

We’ve covered a lot of ground, but I do want to come back to the 4Q. It seems like -- when you gave the updates in October, it feels like you were trending in the low single digits. You’ve covered the consumer electronics; you’ve covered U.S. industrial weak. But what’s that you’ve seen unusual behavior with your customers? And you mentioned, you weren’t seeing a major adjustments back but are you now starting to see that and are you starting to being impacted by extended shutdowns over the holiday period?

Nigel, we’re -- couple of things just to put in context. Fourth quarter last year, we were seeing quite a bit of activity in what we consider building inventory in the channel. We’re clearly not seeing that occurring now. I’m not ready to declare that we’re seeing necessarily channel inventory contrasting more but it’s clearly not building. As far as quarterly trending of what we’re seeing so far, Nigel, there is no particular trend we’re seeing. What we’ve seen in October and November and what we’re estimating for December, it’s all a very consistent movement of the low to negative growth that we’re seeing in -- the negative growth we’re seeing in industrial in the fourth quarter. As far as year-end behaviors of plant shutdowns, probably hearing just a little bit more of that than I did a year ago but I can’t say it’s a substantial change in what I’m hearing.

One more thing, you mentioned the taxes, just thinking about your 2017 assumptions, this is where we’re in ‘16. One big variance is the tax rate is substantially higher. And I think you talked about the impact of FX on the tax rates. But I’m wondering, are you -- is there a greater proportion of overseas earnings been repatriated could help fund the cap allocation, is that a factor in the higher tax rate?

No, that’s really not a factor in the tax rate. The main thing driving our tax rate is -- the factor driving our tax rate up is the strength of the U.S. dollar which is in essence shifting more of our greater portion of our total earnings in to the U.S. which is our highest tax jurisdiction. And that’s offsetting much of the good progress we’re making with our centers of excellence. In terms of a longer term view, Nigel, we in the past have talked about a 27% tax rate as a target by 2017, with the stronger U.S. dollar we see that’s still occurring but likely a couple of years later than what we had previously targeted.

Nigel, it’s Matt. One follow-up on that, Nigel, you’ll see or you did see and you will see that our international cash balances are lower than they have run. And it’s not because we’re choosing to repatriate and pay the tax clause; it’s really because we’ve been able to deploy more of that cash toward acquisitions in a year where we’ve invested more on acquisitions.

Our next question comes from the line of Steve Tusa of J.P. Morgan. Please proceed with your question.

Just to make sure, we know from a rounding perspective, what exactly do you think fourth quarter organic will be, something in a range of 2% to 3% I think? And then also just how do the monthlies play out here, just curious as to the progression going through the quarter?

Steve, we’re just doing the math, it’s approximately a 2% negative organic growth in the fourth quarter for us to land at the 1% organic growth for the total year. When we adjust for billing day anomalies between the months; that’s a very consistent amongst all three months of the quarter.

Okay. And then, I’m just curious as to you’re kind of basing the -- your toughest comp in the first quarter. So, we just look at how the comps progress and then that’s how the growth built throughout the year or are you assuming second quarter is still relatively tough and close to flat?

For the 2016 the biggest driver would -- in looking at how to quarterlies this is looking at the comps that we’re going against in 2015. That would be the best guide. Otherwise it will follow fairly more trends.

One last question, last year I think productivity versus strategic investments was positive; this year it’s going to be negative. I know that there are some other things that go into that. You obviously have more restructuring to offset. Is that -- am I looking at that the right way that you look at these things in a holistic sense including all the variables or is there something that productivity offsetting strategic investments whether it’s just to get more growth or it’s more competitive world, how should we think about that trade off going forward?

Steve, I think the best way to think about it is -- I call that additional productivity. Clearly, the restructuring is a large driver of productivity that we’re having to deliver in 2016, as we work through -- as we deliver this plan. But this was additional above and beyond, beyond what we had baked in through the restricting. So, if I were you, I’d be looking at those two in combination and trying to discern any kind of productivity trends over the years.

Okay. One last quick one, you said 30 basis points a core price this year. So, you are basically saying there is no impact from the foreign exchange on that, on the total price number?

Yes, 30 is our core. If we have -- that excludes all of the FX, FX total revenue impact were fairly muted in the expectation right now of a negative 1 to negative 3. So, there could be a little, but I think we’re only talking 10 or 20 basis points on top of that, if currencies stay where they are today.

Our next question comes from the line of Robert McCarthy of Stifel. Please proceed with your question.

On the raw material side, how do we think about you’re going to planning for oil prices generally and how you’re thinking that’s going to play out with the puts and takes in the portfolio for 2016?

Our $0.10 to $0.15 of raw material benefits that we’re estimating is based on an assumption that oil prices will be in the $45 to $55 range on average through 2016. I’m clearly not going to try to predict what it’s going to be but that’s what that assumption’s based on. If it comes in lower than that that can create a little bit more of a tailwind for us; if it’s higher than that it could start to put us to the lower end of that range. The other point I’d add out to this is that $0.10 to $0.15, we clearly see the vast majority of that benefit coming in the first half of 2016 and very little of that coming in the second half of 2016.

Given some of the currency moves you’ve seen worldwide and kind of you’re positioning in terms of your global production footprint, is there any areas of the world where you have to be particularly focused on share vigilance in terms of market share, in terms of pricing, I mean how do you think about that going into ‘16?

I would call it unchanged. We’ve been diligent and vigilant on that throughout 2015 of how do these currency movements affect our competitiveness around the world, in particular the movements in the euro against the U.S. dollar and what that does with European competition that’s locally sourced in Europe. Part of our action to that is also adjusting our source of supply as needed, as we move more of our source of supply into Europe and we continue to expect more progress on that in 2016.

If this is a worse downturn than perhaps you’re modeling right now or thinking about right now, should we look at the antecedents of 2008, the furloughs or what kind of actions is in the playbook to kind of think about how you’d kind of operate in a tougher cyclical rollover environment?

Well, if you -- as you referred to the playbook, you can see that you have operational excellence is the last strategy of the six and you have the people side, it is the fifth of the six. So, if you think about that, business environment as we know, things are changing and you have just to make sure that you are ready to take action, if you need to, right. I will say that I’ve been in 3M for many years, as you know. And we have always a contingency plan ready to go if needed. I think that’s one of the duties that I’ve learned working in this Company is to make sure that you always are ready to take action, if you need to. So, if you refer to the playbook, what’s in the playbook, we are using the same playbook as we did 2008, if we need to. I don’t hope we need to but we did the same at that point in time. One thing then that we did was to make sure that we didn’t jeopardize investment for the future, meaning research and development and the people that stayed with us. Those are the two things when you think about downturn that you should be very-very careful to touch, your investment for the future specifically in research and development and make sure that the individuals that are with you get all the development they need because that will be the future when the economy’s turning around again.

Our next question comes from the line of Scott Davis of Barclays. Please proceed with your question.

I think a lot of ground has been covered already, there’s a couple of specific things I wanted to talk about. You have in your 2016 guide $0.25 to $0.30 benefit from restructuring. And that assumes I guess that you’re not going to be doing restructuring at a comparable rate to 2015. And I guess piling on maybe Rob’s question and even Jeff’s before that, what type of a downside scenario do you need to see where you need to take another step of restructuring, and is it flat growth or is it something more like negative?

I think it would be more of a negative, if you come into that scenario. I think that our structure based on what we did in 2015 specifically and what we have done over the last four or five years, the structure is in a much better shape today versus when we went into a real downside in 2008. I think the other thing, if you look at on that chart where we’ve gone from six sectors to five groups and we’ve gone from over 40 divisions -- or 40 divisions to 26. That’s taking out structure and driving efficiency and productivity. So, I would say that it needs to be something negative in order for us to feel the need to take other big-big swing as we go. But again, we would take the action that is needed, if it’s coming.

And then just a little bit of a nit, I normally don’t call out stuff like this. But on slide 22, it says developing markets plus 2 to 6, and then on slide 23, you have kind of range of EM and it’s more in a range of kind of 1 to 4 and EMEA negative 1 to positive 2. When you think -- I see a range of plus 2, plus 6, it seems let’s midpoint of plus 4. It seems like a fairly aggressive forecast for EM, just based on what we’re seeing right now. Is there something -- within this forecast first of all kind of explaining the differences between what’s on slide 22 and 23 but also is there -- where are the underlying confidence I guess come from that EM is in on that slippery slope to having another really tough year in front of us? I mean it’s hard to imagine short of massive amounts, the stimulus in China, things to get incrementally that much better, Brazil is going to be falling off the face of the earth. What is the playbook I guess where things could get better fasten up for that 4% to become a reality, particularly based on what you probably show us in 4Q?

Well, I think first of all that you -- there’s a couple of places where there eventually will be upside. And I think China could be for sure and China must be in order for you to get growth. And if you have decided to be a global growth company, you must grow in China. So, you’ve China part of it. You have also India part of it. India is a portion where I believe that we can see a positive uptick 2016, to be honest. You can also see in some of the countries in Central East Europe that will eventually do better. And the three bigs there is of course Russia, Poland and Turkey. And I think based on their performance, maybe the last 24 months, I think we’re closer to see a positive growth curve eventually coming there. So, I will say that -- and then you have Southeast Asia, we should not underestimate Southeast Asia. That’s in our plan an important growth driver for us. And as you know, Southeast Asia, you can look upon us as both, you have the domestic market there, but you have also -- you should also view them as the almost a supplier, both to Japan and to China. So, I will say that if you take the bigger pockets of real growth that eventually will capitalize and materialize, you need China; you need Southeast Asia; and India is also a positive, have a more positive outlook than I think we appreciate at this point in time. I totally agree with you on Brazil, totally agree on Brazil. That would take another two years. So, Brazil will not help from that perspective. I think is that making a sense for you?

Yes, no, it totally does. I guess I’m thinking about in terms of context of -- you’ve probably been working on this outlook for the last couple of months and just the rate of change in the last week, just look at commodity prices overall and then the data we’re getting even out of India is weakening by the day also. So, I’m just trying to figure out if this is an aspirational guide as far as emerging markets or if you actually really do see something on the ground that maybe we don’t see in the government data that would lead you to believe that we would not be -- I mean for example if you can do 4% in the emerging markets next year, you’d have -- it’d be tough to have the first half of the year be negative, I mean regardless of comps, would make it very tough. So, I guess I’m trying to delineate between the two of what we see or in data what I’m sure you see as well versus what your local sales people and local guys are saying, and of course you have some businesses like health care that could be growing, no matter what.

It’s -- I would say that I keep it to what I said relative to geographical growth drivers H. C. Shin that is leading our international business gave us very good confidence relative to what is then bubbling up. And he has came back from -- he came back firstly I think from been a trip down to Middle East, including Saudi Arabia and the pockets of growth that is impressive to be honest, in Middle East. You have to take all those pieces together and reality will be that it will -- the turn need to come in the big places, need to come in China, need to come in India, need to come in Southeast Asia. And that’s what I’m saying, don’t underestimate Southeast Asia.

That concludes the question-and-answer portion of our conference call. I will now turn the call back over to 3M for some closing comments.

Thank you. To wrap up, 3M is positioned for a successful 2016. As you have heard, we expect to deliver strong earnings growth while continuing to invest in the business. This includes investments in organic growth and productivity which will enable us to generate efficient growth next year and for years to come. We look forward to seeing you in March when we will show you our new research laboratory and share more details about our long-term plans. Thank you for joining us and have a great day.

Ladies and gentlemen, that does conclude the conference call for today. We thank you for your participation and ask that you please disconnect your line.