Good morning and welcome to the Annaly Capital Management Second Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. [Operator Instructions] Please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the call over to Sean Kensil, Director, Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Good morning and welcome to the second quarter 2024 earnings call for Annaly Capital Management. Any forward-looking statements made during today's call are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, which are outlined in the risk factors section in our most recent annual and quarterly SEC filings. Actual events and results may differ materially from these forward-looking statements. We encourage you to read the disclaimer in our earnings release in addition to our quarterly and annual filings. Additionally, the content of this conference call may contain time-sensitive information that is accurate only as of the date hereof. We do not undertake and specifically disclaim any obligation to update or revise this information. During this call, we may present both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP measures is included in our earnings release. Content referenced in today's call can be found in our Second Quarter 2024 Investor Presentation and Second Quarter 2024 Supplemental Information, both found under the Presentations section of our website. Please also note this event is being recorded. Participants on this morning's call include David Finkelstein, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer, Serena Wolfe, Chief Financial Officer, Mike Fania, Deputy Chief Investment Officer and Head of Residential Credit, V.S. Srinivasan, Head of Agency, and Ken Adler, Head of Mortgage Servicing Rights. And with that, I'll turn the call over to David.

Thank you, Sean. Good morning, and thank you all for joining us for our second quarter earnings call. I have four areas to discuss today before handing it off to Serena to discuss the financials. First, I'll briefly highlight our performance during the quarter, then review the macro and market environment, followed by an update on each of our three businesses, and I'll finish with our outlook for the second half of the year. Now, to begin with, we were pleased with our performance during the quarter that saw a fair amount of volatility. While interest rates rose modestly quarter-over-quarter, the 10-year Treasury yield traversed a 50-basis point range as economic data in April meaningfully reduced the magnitude of 2024 rate cuts priced into the market, whereas in June, employment and inflation data brought accommodative policy and a near-term focus for the market and certainly the Fed. Now, in this environment, we delivered a roughly 1% economic return for the second quarter and a 5.7% return for the first half of the year. Earnings available for distribution exceeded our dividend by $0.03, demonstrating our ability to consistently earn strong returns with prudent leverage, which stood at 5.8 turns at the end of the quarter. Now, to expand further on the macro landscape, activity continues to slow gradually as tight monetary policy weighs on most parts of the U.S. economy. While core service inflation has been more muted following their brisk pace in Q1, recent data suggests that shelter inflation, the most stubborn component of inflation, is finally beginning to meaningfully soften. Meanwhile, the employment picture has moved into better balance as demand for labor has slowed and the pace of hiring is more in line with historical averages. Now, these developments point to rising conviction that the Federal Reserve will…

Thank you, David. Today I will provide brief financial highlights for the second quarter ended June 30, 2024. Consistent with prior quarters, while our earnings release discloses GAAP and non-GAAP earnings metrics, my comments will focus on our non-GAAP EAD and related key performance metrics, which exclude PAA. As of June 30, 2024, our book value per share decreased from the prior quarter to $19.25. Despite the asset spread widening and interest rate volatility during the quarter, we generated a 0.9% economic return, including our dividend of $0.65 to Q2. Looking back to the beginning of 2024, including $1.30 dividends declared year-to-date, we have generated an economic return of 5.7%. Rate volatility and modestly higher Treasury rates resulted in a decrease of $0.96 per share on our agency MBS portfolio, with positive contributions of $0.16 and $0.31 per share coming from our resi MSR portfolios and hedges, respectively. Earnings available for distribution increased in the second quarter by $0.4 per share to $0.68. Higher coupon income related to the continued rotation up in coupon on the agency portfolio and $2.8 billion in assets settled via the Onslow Bay Correspondent Channel contributed to the increase in EAD. Consequently, average asset yield, ex-PAA, increased 27 basis points from the first quarter to 5.14% in Q2. Higher coupon income was partially offset by an increase of 12 basis points in our economic cost of funds. Taken together, our net interest spread, ex-PAA, increased by 15 basis points, reaching 1.24% in the second quarter. And net interest margin, ex-PAA, also rose 15 basis points quarter-over-quarter to 1.58%. While repo rates remained stable, even declining 2 basis points in Q2, securitized debt expense increased in Q2 due to the high volume of securitizations we completed in the first six months of 2024. Additionally, our swap…

We will now begin the question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Bose George with KBW. Please go ahead.

Actually, can I start just with getting an update on quarter-to-date portfolio?

Sure, Bose. Good morning. As of Tuesday's close, we were up roughly 2% with dividend accrual and a little over 1% net of this dividend.

Okay, great. Thank you. And then just in terms of the hedges, so you were replacing the maturing swaps with Treasury futures this quarter. Can you just talk about the advantages of that?

Yes, sure. So there's multiple advantages. We were certainly concerned with rate volatility and particularly spread volatility, so reducing the exposure to swaps was somewhat warranted, particularly later in the quarter. And there is differences with respect to initial margin and liquidity associated with swaps. It's not a material change. One of the catalysts for the change was also putting on a little bit of a curve trade, a steepener, given what our view was with respect to the expectation for a little bit of yield curve steepening, which we saw this quarter. Certainly, as we're about 20 basis points steeper, 2s, 10s. And generally, just for liquidity and IM benefit as well as creating the right balance. Another point to note as it relates to our swaps, Bose, is that our swap position is in a very good place. We have had a lot of runoff over the past couple of years, including this past quarter and Q1, and we're in a place where we do not have any more swap runoff of that low pay rate for the rest of this year, and so we feel pretty good about our swap position here. And when you look at the relative tightness of swap spreads, I think 10-year swap spreads are around negative 45. It's a good hedge, so we're going to be a little bit overweight swaps because the levered return relative to swaps versus other hedges is pretty attractive right now, notwithstanding concerns over balance sheet as it relates to swap spreads.

The next question is from Doug Harter with UBS. Please go ahead.

Thanks. David, you talked about, you know, kind of having a slightly different strategy on acquiring new MSR. Can you just talk about the risk profile of new MSR and the relative attractiveness of adding those to what's a very attractive existing portfolio?

Sure, Doug. I'm going to hand it over to Ken to help you with that.

Yes, sure. I mean, new MSR just has materially more prepayment exposure to it, so it relies on a different hedging strategy than the legacy MSR with a much lower note rate and more stable cash flow. However, the new MSR also provides opportunity for recapture that's not present in the legacy MSR, so that's an additional revenue opportunity as well.

And can you just remind us, Ken, kind of where you are in terms of recapture, what agreements you have, and how confident you would be in your capabilities to execute?

Absolutely. We currently have four recapture partners. Each of these partners has different strategies, approaches, and tools for customer outreach and creating recapture. And what we do is we compare the results between them and allocate our initiatives to the best performers and kind of refine these strategies over time, so we kind of have a portfolio approach to this. And we have the ability to be dynamic, given the use of multiple providers. We also have several strategic discussions with potential new partners that many are considered best-in-class, and they offer unique technology and differentiating strategies. So our approach and ability to partner with servicers and originators is what we're happy about.

I guess just to be clear on that, so when there is recapture, do you share in the full origination economics, or are you just getting the MSR back, just want to make sure I understand how those economics work?

We effectively share in the gain on sale in a material way by taking that MSR back at a below-market price, and those prices are negotiated, and they're different depending on the provider, what the recapture rate is. So there's kind of an incentive fee structures with these providers and given how low origination margins are in the industry, the repurchase of the MSR back at a discount is effectively assuming that origination.

Yes. And Doug, given how competitive origination at servicing is, we're able to extract the right value associated with our recapture relationships.

The next question is from Rick Shane with JP Morgan. Please go ahead.

I really needed to cue in before Doug because that was the topic I wanted to explore as well. I am curious, one of the things that is driving MSR pricing is that recapture opportunity, and I'm curious, and again, you've talked about some of the efficiency from an economic perspective for you, from a recapture perspective, but I am curious if you're seeing peers out there whose economics are really focused on the origination side who are making pricing in that space less attractive for you. It's an interesting time to shift from bulk to flow.

Yes. Well, we are observing just, as everybody is, when you observe the prices, the price spread between low note rate MSR and newly created higher note rate MSR has never been less than I've seen. So you are seeing increasing comfort with the ability to price in that recapture by the market overall and there's always a couple of participants that stand out. But in general, yes, the comfort with using big data, call center technology has absolutely increased.

Yes. And Rick, another point which you may be alluding to is that as it relates to our MSR portfolio, we're very protective of the borrower, and the last thing we want to do is use a subservicing relationship that is going to lead to, over churning of our portfolio or anything that would damage our returns, and so it's a high bar to partner with us when it comes to recapture and subservicing.

Got it. That makes sense. Hey, a request, as you transition to more of a flow business and potentially the coupons start to shift a little bit, could you provide disclosure on the coupon in the way that you do for the MBS portfolio so we can see the distribution of coupons?

Sure, that's certainly a consideration, but it is important to note that in the current portfolio, the vast, vast majority is very, very low rate, so it's a pretty homogenous bucket of what are -- should be considered to be non-refinanceable mortgages.

Absolutely, yes. Again, depending upon how fast that flow business grows, we could start to see the portfolio barbell a little bit and just would love to understand that better.

You bet, Rick.

The next question comes from Jason Stewart with Janney Montgomery Scott. Please go ahead.

One more on the MSR and servicing front. Do you have any thoughts? I know it's early and likely to change, but thoughts on the CFPB's proposed servicing rule regarding foreclosures, how that might impact the valuation, competitive environment, et cetera?

Yes. That's a good question, Jason. So we certainly recognize the CFPB's efforts to revise mortgage servicing rules to benefit borrowers, and many of the proposed changes would result in more complex loss mitigation processes with potentially longer timelines to reach resolution. And, on the surface, if implemented as proposed, our subservicer oversight team would ensure that our subservicers are following all relevant laws and regulations, and we could expect subservicing costs to increase on the margin. But our portfolio, both on the resi credit side as well as the MSR side, is composed of very high-quality borrowers with significant equity in their homes, and our portfolio is specifically Fannie and Freddie, made up with very low delinquencies, as I mentioned, less than 40 basis points, and we have no Ginnie borrowers to speak of. We have a very small sleeve of Ginnie Mae from the legacy [indiscernible] days. So we don't expect the cost to us to increase in any meaningful way, but it could lead to a little bit higher servicing costs overall.

Yes, thanks. I think it's important to note that differentiation there, so thanks for that color. And then going back to the up-in-coupon trade, when you look at specified pools up-in-coupon, I think you noted you're looking at very, I call it high premium or quality pools there. When you combine that with the competitive environment for, marginal refi activity, where is the most value, and how are you looking at hedging those to protect that value?

So basically what our strategy has been, that as we move up-in-coupon, we buy higher-quality pools. So on 6.5s, we generally buy very high-quality pools, and on 6s, it will be a little bit less, and on 5.5s, it will be a little bit less. The way we think about hedging is, we think of a specified pool as a combination of TBA duration plus a pay-up duration. So we kind of model how that pay-up duration is going to move in a rally and a sell-off, and we kind of measure that duration, and that's how we hedge the pay-up.

Okay, thanks.

The biggest advantage is these pools provide ample spread right now, and because they are less negatively convex, we are not really giving up that much carry in the near term. And in the long-term, if and when rates do rally, they provide very durable yields for an extended period of time.

Yes, I guess my takeaway there was that the carry is going to benefit you for several quarters, and you can potentially hedge away the negative convexity, but we might be getting too much in the weeds there. But that was just my thought.

Yes. That's the right assessment, Jason.

This concludes the question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to David Finkelstein for any closing remarks.

Actually, I do believe we have one more question in the queue.

I do see him, yes. Let me announce him. The next question is from Tim Chiang with BTIG.

Sorry for punching in late. I think the question here is just, it looks like the Fed is going to cut more aggressively, what's your perspective on how mortgage spreads will respond to that, even what we're seeing just in the market over the last, call it 24 hours? Thank you, guys.

Yes, under that scenario, Eric, we would be optimistic on mortgage spreads. You'll see, you know, further steepening in the yield curve than the 50 basis points that's priced in over the next year between 2s and 10s. The $6.1 trillion in money market funds, as those yields start to decline, will gravitate toward longer-duration fixed income. As I mentioned, you'll potentially see bank demand come in, and it'll just be a better environment for agencies. We've experienced this cycle after cycle. When the Fed cuts and the curve steepens, there is better demand for agency MBS, and you would expect ball to come down. It should be a dampening environment, and we would expect strong performance from agency, which is why we like the sector. We think that the appropriate amount of cuts are currently priced in, but when you look at the Fed's posture and the shift over the last number of months, it's gone from, focus on the inflation mandate to more balance between the employment mandate and inflation, and there is a likelihood that given what's gone on in the labor market is that the focus could shift to be more weighted towards the employment picture, and you could see more aggressive cuts than what's priced in, and that would be a perfectly good outcome for us.

Yes. That's good perspective. I appreciate that. Hey, so how are we thinking about the tradeoff between maybe levering up with the MSR a little bit more and raising capital or even delevering the agency MBS portfolio to maybe balance out or buffer any of that, prepayment risk?

Yes. So I would say that incremental purchases of MSR would likely be levered. We have very, very low leverage on that portfolio. We've been fortunate given our abundant liquidity to be able to use the agency portfolio as somewhat of a bank to finance it, and it's led to returns that are in excess of the 12% to 14% we show in the materials, which assumes warehouse financing, and so we have the ability to leverage. Right now we have the liquidity to not need to, but I would say to keep that capital allocation in the context of 20% or thereabouts, we probably would lever incremental purchases and maintain the liquidity of the overall portfolio. And, look, as it relates to capital raising, two conditions have to be met. It has to be accretive and benefit shareholders and assets have to be available and at the right price. There's a lot to get through, and to the extent it's -- the market is compelling us to do so, we'll certainly look at it, but we feel like we're in a good place, and we'll see how things evolve over the near term. One sec, Eric.

I just add that we have committed MSR line, so we can tap them anytime we want.

Exactly. This concludes the question-and-answer session. I'd like to turn the conference over to David Finkelstein for any closing remarks.

Thanks, Debbie. And thank you, everybody, for joining us today. Enjoy the rest of the summer, and we'll talk to you in the fall.

The conference is now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.