Good morning, ladies and gentlemen and welcome to Nokia’s Second Quarter 2022 Results Call. I’m David Mulholland, Head of Nokia Investor Relations, and today with me is Pekka Lundmark, our President and CEO; along with Marco Wiren, our CFO. You will notice that we switched to an audio-only webcast this quarter. We will continue to use video for events where we see it adding value such as our business group progress updates. For our quarterly updates, considering we’re now on the road meeting many of you in person, we felt it more efficient to return to audio-only. Before we get started, a quick disclaimer. During this call, we will be making forward-looking statements regarding our future business and financial performance, and these statements are predictions that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may therefore differ materially from the results we currently expect. Factors that could cause such differences can be both external, as well as internal operating factors. We have identified such risks in the Risk Factors section of our annual report on Form 20-F, which is available on our Investor Relations website. Within today’s presentation, references to growth rates will mostly be on a constant currency basis and on margins it will be on our comparable reporting. You can find reconciliation tables in our Q2 report back to our IFRS financials. Please note that our Q2 report and this presentation are published on our website on both the reconciliation is in there. In terms of the agenda for today, Pekka will give a quick overview on our financial and strategic progress in the quarter; and Marco will then go into a bit more detail of some of the key factors impacting our financial performance and how we see the outlook for 2022. With that, let me hand over to Pekka.

Thank you, David and good morning to everybody. I’m pleased to say that we continue to execute well in Q2. As you can see on this slide, net sales grew 3% in constant currency. This was in spite of continuing supply chain challenges and timing issues in two contract renewals in Nokia Technologies. Gross margin was 40.6% and operating margin, 12.2%, reflecting good progress in both Mobile Networks and Network Infrastructure. The margins declined slightly year-on-year due to the contract renewal timing and technologies and that one-off software deal in Mobile Networks that as you may remember that we highlighted in Q2 2021. If you exclude last year software deal on Nokia Technologies from our results, operating margin would have improved by 330 basis points from 5.6% to 8.9% in Q2, and this does demonstrate the strength of the improvement in our product businesses. Our good Q2 performance was achieved whilst we continue to invest in R&D. On this picture, you can see also on this chart on the screen you can see that there has been a 13% increase in R&D expenditure since Q3 2020. And this has been funded through our improved gross margins and focus on efficiency in SG&A. We will continue this focus to further strengthen our technology leadership. And then I’ll say a few words on the performance across our business groups. First, Mobile Networks, where I was pleased to see a return to growth with a 1% increase year-on-year in constant currency in spite of COVID-19 related lockdowns in the Shanghai region, supply chain challenges and a tough comparison caused by a one-off software deal in Q2 2021. We saw good growth in North America, Middle East and Africa and Latin America which counter declines in some other regions, including the impact of our…

Thank you, Pekka and good morning from my side as well. If we now look a little bit deeper our financial results and starting with the regional performance, and at the Group level in reported currencies, the growth was 11% and of course, FX had a strong impact here and 3% on a constant currency basis. And also here on the chart and on the report you can see that we now provide the regional performance, excluding Submarine Networks. And this is due to the fact that the nature of the business and the volatility that it has between different regions, we feel that it’s better than to show the actual demand trends we see across our regions. And we also have Submarine separately, so you can see that there. And if we start we’re looking at North America, we saw 19% year-on-year growth which reflected the double-digit growth in Network Infrastructure, where both Fixed Networks and IP Networks had double-digit growth. Also Mobile Networks had a double-digit growth in North America. Then when it comes to Europe, you can see a decline, but remember, the large portion of this was related to the fact that we include all of our Nokia Technologies business in this region. And because the decision that to exit Russia that will impact – impacted also Europe. And Russia impact was about EUR 100 million year-on-year impact. And lastly, as you see, Submarines had a very good growth, 27% year-on-year. So next, moving over to our operating profit development. Once again, we saw a good improvements in Mobile Networks and Network Infrastructure businesses, where both operating profit and margin expanded. And impressively, the improvement in Mobile Networks came despite the one-off software deal that helped Quarter 2 in 2021. However, these were largely masked by…

Thank you, Marco and thank you, Pekka as well for the comments you made. Before we move to the Q&A session, I just wanted to give you another date for your dairies. We are planning to hold our next progress update, which will focus on our group technology strategy with our Chief Strategy and Technology Officer, Nishant Batra, along with our Nokia Technologies business with its President, Jenni Lukander. The event will shift to being in-person in New York on Friday, the 9th of September, but the event will also be webcast for those who are unable to join us in-person. So with that, let’s start the Q&A. As a courtesy to others in the queue, could you please limit yourself to one question and a brief follow-up. Darcy, could you please give the instructions?

Thank you. We will now begin the question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] I’ll now hand the call back to Mr. David Mulholland.

Thank you, Darcy. We’ll take our first question today from Alex Peterc from Societe Generale.

Yes, good morning and thank you for the question. Congratulations for very solid results by the headwinds that we see everywhere. Now, my first question would be on your ability to offset ongoing inflationary cost pressures to improve pricing. Are there any meaningful differences in this respect among your divisions? And is the frequency of new product releases similar across divisions? And do your longer duration contracts have any inflation-related repricing process? That will be my first question. And the brief follow-up would be just if you could give us a trend on your levels of inventory. Are you now happy with where you are or do you increase – need to increase the buffer or lower in the remainder of the year given what’s going on in the supply chain? Thanks a lot.

Okay, thank you. If I take the first one, and Marco takes the second one. First of all, as we all understand, there is a big difference between existing contracts and new contracts when you deal with inflation. We are, of course, in all our new contracts in all our businesses, when we are making offers and signing deals, we are taking into account all the cost information and the cost development estimates that we have available. And I guess good news is that we continue to – while doing that, we continue to have strong order intake. So this is definitely good news. Then, the other side of the coin is that depending on the business. And I guess when you asked about the differences between businesses Mobile Networks would be the one where the contracts would be in average longer than in other businesses. So, it is usually very hard to go back to an existing contract and start changing the prices after the fact. We have to remember that this industry has been for a long time kind of thought into a mode where prices go down every year. And now this is quite a big educational effort from us all to change that, because we are now in an inflationary environment. So this is clearly the reason why we said already at the end of last year that even though we expect the underlying improvements in our profitability and our competitiveness to continue this year, the inflation does dampen some of the profit improvement potential during this year. And this all has been, of course, included and incorporated in our guidance, including what we said today that we are expecting to land somewhere around the midpoint of the 11% to 13.5% range.

And when it comes to the inventory levels and where we want to be. As you’ve seen, we’ve been working to build inventories to just have more safety stocks than normal. And the reason for business being that it has been difficult to understand exact lead times, they’ve been quite volatile. And that’s why it’s good to have some buffers. In Quarter 2, for example, we increased inventories by EUR 240 million. And we believe that until the supply chain has returned to more normal and we can trust on the lead times that we get from our suppliers, we prefer to have at least the level we have today and have a little bit buffer.

Thank you, Alex. We’ll take our next question from Andrew Gardiner from Citi. Andrew, please go ahead.

Good morning, David. Good morning, guys. Thank you for taking the question. Just another one to follow-up on Alex’s point on margins. If I think through the progression through the year based on the guidance you’re giving, and if you know we assume technologies is in there for the full year in terms of a full complement of licensees, are you effectively implying Mobile declines half and half say from the 9.5% you’ve just done for the first half of the year somewhere into the mid-8% range. Network Infrastructure declined a bit as well. Now, I hear what you’re saying in terms of supply chain constraints and inflation and FX. I was just wondering whether you know is there anything specific that you’re already seeing in second half costs that is going to drive that or you know are you just being prudent in terms of the current environment?

Yeah, I can start. And first of all, we have been executing extremely well and if you see the first half year, we have a supply chain situation which has been quite challenging. We see that it should improve in the second half, but it’s more supply-specific issues that we still see than a broad-based issue for the whole industry. And what comes to the operating margin, I would highlight at least two main reasons why we are guiding towards the midpoint. And one is the inflation that we have implicated early as well and also the fact that we actually have our annual salary adjustment will come now from July and onwards. And additionally, we have our hedging program that I mentioned also in the presentation.

And maybe, Marco, just to add – sorry, just to add one thing that is also important, is just specifically about Mobile Networks. We had a pretty strong mix in H1. And you saw the comments in North America. So this mix is expected to be less favorable in the second half of the year. And again, all this has been incorporated into the forecast of being closer to the midpoint of the range.

Thanks very much.

Did you have a follow-up, Andrew?

Just by the hedging impact.

Yeah. What I mean by the hedging impact is that we hedge our operating profit in absolute terms. And when we’ve seen now, for example, very strong USD growth, we will get higher sales, but we will keep the operating profit at the same level. And that will have a negative impact on the operating margin. But this is just a timing issue, so it is step-by-step going in because we have a rolling 12-month hedging program just to dampen the big swings that we see in currency fluctuations.

Thank you, Andrew. We’ll take our next question from Alex Duval from Goldman Sachs. Alex, please go ahead.

Yes. Hi there. Many thanks indeed to the question. We’ve seen one of your peers talk about the solid 5G backdrop this year, adopting rates. Marco, you’ve talked about a good situation there as well. I just wondered if you could give us some color on the sustainability of the RAN market into next year. Obviously, one tends to think about target customers being somewhat less macro sensitive. And you’ve talked today about confidence that you’re not going to have a big impact near-term from macro. But would be great to get a bit of context on your view into next year? Many thanks.

Okay. Thanks, Alex, that’s obviously an enormously important question. And again, none of us have a crystal ball on this one. But when we look at what we are seeing today, what we are seeing today and hearing from our customers, the plans for ‘23 seem to be pretty strong. And we have to remember that, there are countries and regions which haven’t even really started in 5G yet. And obviously, India is one of the most important one here. Latin America, the same thing. It’s only starting now. So that’s why we do believe that we are still early in the 5G cycle. As you saw on the slide, the penetration of 5G sites is only 15% outside of China in the world. Again, this does not mean that we would be immune to any macroeconomic cycles. Of course, they do play a role, but all we can comment is what we are seeing today. And then we are arguing that the underlying kind of almost secular, not cyclical trends should continue to be there for quite some time.

Did you have a follow-up, Alex?

Just very briefly on one of the earlier questions talking about the supply chain using in the second half. Some investors have been asking about press reports talking about chipmakers taking up prices in some areas, including in communication chips in coming quarters. Just wondered if you can comment at all on that and how you factor that into your statement of supply chain easing in the next couple of quarters? Many thanks.

I mean supply chain easing comment was more on the availability side. We all know that semiconductor inflation has been strong. We’ve been able to deal with it reasonably well, as you can see in the numbers. And then, of course, as I said, everything, we are now seeing from our suppliers, we are taking into account in the new offers that we make. Then the billion-dollar question is that, if the economy weakens, we are now seeing that demand on some consumer equipment is going down. How much of the relevant semiconductor capacity and the foundry capacity, substrate capacity will that release on the market and how will that be reflected on pricing. That remains to be seen. We have seen already that memory prices have come down. But then for the other parts, it still remains to be seen.

Thank you, Alex. We’ll take our next question from Sandeep Deshpande from JPMorgan. Sandeep, please go ahead.

Hi.

Sandeep?

Hi, hi. Can you hear me?

Yes. Go ahead, Sandeep.

Yeah, hi. My question is, you know when you look at your growth in Mobile Networks in Q1 and Q2, it has been below market growth. Do you think that that growth will accelerate now into the second half? And you will begin to take share because it looks like you have lost share in the market maybe because you could not ship. So now will that shipments catch up to allow you to take share which will allow you into the following year to go on to be a share taker in the market? And I have one quick follow-up on that.

Yeah. Thank you, Sandeep. The statement that we made at the Capital Market Day already more than a year ago is still valid that we did admit then that we had lost market share in the early stages of 5G. That is now changing. We have caught up on technology. Now in this quarter, as you saw, we have returned to growth. And especially if you were to exclude that EUR 80 million one-off software deal in the comparison quarter, the growth would actually have been stronger. And we do expect this trend to continue, a positive trend in terms of top line and market share, to continue in the second half of the year.

And just to build on what Pekka said, Sandeep. Also if you look the Quarter 2 Mobile Networks sales, we had a very good development on the RAN side, the equipment side. And we deliberately actually have been taking down, deploy services in certain geographies and certain customers where we don’t believe that we are enough – profitable enough. So this is also impacting the mix.

This is, Sandeep, a very important point that Marco is raising. The equipment and software growth is much higher actually than the top line headline figure on Mobile Networks. And on to the services side, Marco mentioned deploy services, there we are getting kind of becoming more and more selective when it comes to the types of deals that we make, and we are moving priority in services to higher-margin support and customer care services from deploy, which is the fact of low-margin installation work.

Thank you. Just one follow-up on that was, when we look at the market, I mean, you know when investors, all of them talk about you know are we at peak 5G and you presented some data on how many base stations have been installed in terms of you know how many need to be installed. Is that the case in North America as well, where 5G rollout started before other parts of your market?

North America is obviously ahead of some other markets, and I refer to India, which has not even started yet. I mean, you have seen – everybody has seen North American operators’ comments on their CapEx. It continues strong in ‘23. And then for obvious reasons, they would probably start to see some normalization in ‘24. But then, of course, in addition to that, there is then the Enterprise side, the Enterprise Digitalization side, which is only now picking up. So it’s – I mean, there’s multiple factors playing into this equation.

Thank you, Sandeep. We’ll take our next question from Francois Bouvignies from UBS. Francois, please go ahead.

Thank you very much. I was just wondering what is your sales growth excluding technology and Russia in Europe, just to have a feel of where you are in terms of growth rate and market share given maybe there is some swap out with Huawei. That’s my first question.

Yeah, I can start. When it comes to Europe, just like I mentioned in the presentation as well that, we have – remember that on those figures, we have technology – the whole technology sales, and then we had about EUR 100 million impact from Russia, exiting Russia. So that’s impacting. When it comes to the otherwise Europe, I would say that we have been quite successful in those cases where our customers have been replacing the supplier base, and we won about half of those cases. Just remember here as well that in the beginning of that contract, we do the swaps and that’s when we don’t see that big impact in our P&L, in our profit line. It takes some time before that starts to come through.

Do you have a follow-up, Francois?

Yeah, a quick follow-up is on the 5G site penetration of what you disclosed 15% excluding China. I was just wondering how you think about this percentage penetration 5G given maybe the lack of penetration, maybe more use for urban areas. I mean do you expect this penetration to be like 100% or it’s going to be lower focusing on urban in the first stage and maybe more rural, but in the longer-term? Just trying to feel about how should we think about the site penetration level in the near future.

That’s, of course, a very good question, but also very difficult to give a detailed answer. The way it, of course, goes is that, that the installation start in urban areas, you build first urban coverage and then at the same time, when you start adding capacity in the [technical difficulty] rural – more rural coverage and this goes gradually. But of course, there is a lot of areas in the world, rural areas, where it will take a long, long time before there will be coverage. So, it will never go to 100%. But the pace of this with which this will happen, of course, would require a longer and more detailed conversation than what is possible at this time.

Thank you, Francois. We’ll take our next question from Peter Nielsen from ABG. Peter, please go ahead.

Thanks very much. I’d like to return to North America if I may, please. Can we take your comments – previous comments about growth going forward? To imply that the issues which hampered your sales in North America at the latter part of last year and again in Q1 are now behind you completely, and we are sort of looking at more growth in line with the market sort of based on market dynamics and competition, et cetera, but there should be no structural factors hampering your sales in North America going forward, if I understand your comments correctly. And my quick follow-up would just be, Pekka, you mentioned accelerated growth in Enterprises in the second half. Can we also assume that the investments in Enterprises will also accelerate going forward and perhaps the profit contribution in the near-term will be more negative sort of in the near-term? Thank you.

At least when it comes to North America, I can confirm that what we are hearing from customers now is that, that we are now fully competitive when it comes to technology. Then, of course, there is always new deals to be made on a continuous basis. And of course, our goal is now that we would at least grow with the market. And in any business, of course, we want to – we have lost market share in the market, our goal would be to win it back. So that’s at least the fundamental basis for competitiveness, which is technology is there which gives us good possibilities to then fight even harder on the market. Then on the Enterprise side, yes, we do see Enterprise investment accelerating. As a whole, the service provider market is – has always been and will be a low growth market. But the Enterprise market, in many cases, grows double-digit. And as we have said many times, only a small part of the Enterprise or Industrial Digitalization potential has been captured yet. And this is something that we expect to be a megatrend in the world that is driving that part of the market throughout this decade actually. And that’s why, well, Enterprise is now 7% roughly of our sales. Our goal absolutely is to make that relative share grow going forward so that we would get it into double-digit in the coming years.

Thank you, Peter. We’ll take our next question from Richard Kramer from Arete. Richard, please go ahead.

All right, thanks very much. I’d like to ask this very specifically because I’m just trying to understand the shortfall in Technologies. Are you currently in dispute with any other large licensees beyond Oppo/Vivo that might be impacting the Technologies business? And do you anticipate any potential license renewals between now and the end of the year having an impact on those numbers? Because they obviously have a huge impact on profitability. Thanks.

Yeah, thank you. And it’s Oppo and Vivo, just like we’ve been saying as well. So we have in several countries, we have a litigation with them. And I suppose you saw the latest outcome from Germany that it seems that at least in German Court was very positive how we have been handling these negotiations. So – and we just want to emphasize once again that we want to protect the value of our patent portfolio before specific timing, and we are very confident that we have a very good patent portfolio as well.

Did you have a follow-up, Richard –

Yes, please. And just a quick follow-up on this, on Sandeep’s question about the US and whether it might have a peak in CapEx in ’23. Can you lay out whether you’re still expecting that you can win back market share at Verizon since that’s obviously has been a 10% plus customer of Nokia in the past. And can you talk a little bit about the competitiveness of your products at the 3.5 gig level on the radio side? Thanks.

We believe that we have a fully competitive product on 3.5 and in 5G overall. I mean, just as one example, if you look at the recent Ookla measurements in North America and how they are rating the different carriers and our largest or one of the large customers that we have, T-Mobile and the performance of their network where a significant part of that network is the competitiveness this is true to both 3.5 and then the other frequencies as well. Then when it comes to specific customers and the market shares of win backs. As I said on a general level, of course, our goal is to maximize our market share. And if we have lost market share somewhere, our goal is to win it back. But if those things would happen, that’s something that I do not want to speculate on.

Thank you, Richard. We’ll take our next question from Artem Beletski from SEB. Artem, please go ahead.

Yes, hi. Thank you for taking the question. I would like to ask about the Network Infrastructure growth that continues to surprise us positively. And whether you see that this type of double-digit development could be sustained going forward? Or would there come some type of capacity limitations to you? And I guess like Fixed Network is particularly the part that has been showing good development. And maybe my quick follow-up is relating to supply chain related revenue impact, would you provide some type of indication how big this impact has been in first half of this year? Just to get a clue how big acceleration we could see going forward if situation normalizes.

For Network Infrastructure, we do see the underlying strong trends to continue. And you saw on that slide one KPI, which is the Homes Passed and Homes Connected. But the interesting thing for NI is that, now when we are building home broadband and building 5G base stations, that is driving the backhauling market. It’s driving the IP routing market, and it’s starting to drive the Optical, Regional and then optical backbone market as well. And typically, the access markets take a first that we have seen both for base stations and fixed broadband access and then the natural assumption would be that then next, we would see an acceleration in IP and Optical. And the good thing is that we have a pretty strong technology position here. Of course, then if you ask that how long will the double-digit growth continues – it’s impossible to say the comparables are, of course, getting tougher if you take fixed access or fixed broadband grew 35% last year, 29% in Q1 and 22% in Q2. So yes, comparables are getting tough. But we have good market share. The market share has grown in GPON or XGS-PON optical line terminals, we have more than 50% market share. So – and that is one of the strongholds that we have in that business. And – and again, even on this access network level, there is a lot of work to do that remains. So that’s why we are really proud of what NI has achieved in the last couple of years and there is every reason to be optimistic about the future as well.

And just building on what Pekka said, if you look at the US government and also European Union are heavily focusing on this area. When it comes to connectivity. And we see a lot of good opportunities for us as a market leader and you know to capture good share here as well.

Thank you, Artem. We’ll take our next question from Simon Leopold from Raymond James. Simon, please go ahead.

Thank you very much. I just want to get a really easy clarification than my question. On the clarification, I just want to verify that the rationale for the higher revenue outlook for the full year is fully reflective of currency and not other factors? And in terms of my question, I want to get a better understanding of your goals and opportunities for non-telco revenue. As we look out into the future, whether it’s coming from routing, private wireless, what kind of verticals, government versus webscale, we could unpack what’s driving that. I did hear earlier, the 7% base and the goal for double-digits, I want to get a better understanding of what drives it, where does it come from? Thank you.

Yeah, I can start, and when it comes to the guidance on the top line, this is purely adjustment to the current FX rates that we have. So we keep the guidance as we had earlier. The only thing that we now narrowed down a little bit, we say that on the upper end of that interval. So we give a little bit more understanding where we are in that guidance. What comes to the ambitions to grow beyond operators, today, we have about 18% sales outside of CSPs. And just like Pekka mentioned earlier, we believe that within this market, Enterprise sector has definitely much higher growth outlook than CSP market, and we believe that big part of that growth that we see in the coming years is coming from the Enterprise sector and webscalers.

Just to build on that, I mean, in addition to – I mean, when we talk about non-telco, it’s important to qualify what that means because there are several different types of or quite different types of business opportunities. Obviously, in that 18%, which is non-telco, for us, yes, we have the Submarine Networks or webscalers for example, we have the licensing business. But the real enterprise, one business case is clearly Enterprise, Network Infrastructure, Optical and Routing for Enterprise. Then the other business case is webscalers, which is a fast growing market when you look at the market growth estimates while again, while telco growth is slow when you look at what webscalers are estimated to invest in connectivity and in networking, it’s really growing fast. And from that point of view, the breakthrough that we made into the Microsoft switching is really an important one. And we have similar attempts going on, on the Optical side with some of the webscalers as well. And then, of course, there is this big opportunity of private wireless campus wireless networks that we are getting into. Then another opportunity is authority networks, which are getting modernized and new generations with additional security for authorities and public services, such as police, fire brigades, ambulance and so on and so on. There’s a lot of going on there as well. And then, of course, government’s own networks, US government is investing a lot. We have started a special unit for that. A lot of opportunities there as well. So, this is quite – when we talk about Enterprise or non-telco, it’s really broad-based. And we are moving on several fronts there.

Thank you, Simon. We’ll take our next question from Sami Sarkamies from Danske Bank. Sami, please go ahead.

Good afternoon. Thanks for being very clear with the guidance. I would still like to check one more thing. When you say that you’re expecting to be around the midpoint of the guidance range in terms of EBIT margin, do you think you will be able to reach the midpoint even if the pending IPR renewals don’t happen this year?

Yeah, thank you. The assumption that we have in the outlook is that these two deals that we are in the litigation right now will be solved. So this is baked in, in our outlook as well.

Okay. And as a follow-up, could you please disclose the IPR catch-up payments you recorded now in the second quarter and a year ago?

And they were about the same level this quarter than last year.

Which was?

We haven’t actually disclosed the number itself. And the reason is that, if there’s one specific deal that we signed, we’re not allowed to disclose any details of those deals, and you could calculate backwards also in that case what is the value of the deal. And unfortunately, we are not in a position to be able to do that.

Okay, thank you.

Thank you, Sami. We’ll take our next question from Paul Silverstein from Cowen. Paul, please go ahead.

I appreciate you all squeezing me in. Pekka and Marco, I appreciate your comments about the ongoing strength of demand, but concerns about macro. My specific question is, can you give any insight on linearity in certain quarters? Have you seen consistent strength in your order book throughout the quarter, through the end of the quarter, and into the beginning of this quarter?

Yeah. We have not seen any major changes. Our order intake and the number of new opportunities that we have in the pipeline has remained strong. Again, I’m not implying that we would be immune to anything that happens in the macro. We are all seeing the worrying development in macro. But all we can – we don’t have a crystal ball. All we can comment is what we are seeing from our customers, and there is no – on the kind of aggregate level, there is no change. There has been cases, especially in emerging markets where there have been countries hit by weak currencies and/or high inflation where CapEx plans have been indicated to be lower. But at this time, these have been more exceptions than rules. In the big picture, we have not seen at this time any meaningful change.

So my follow-up, I have a similar question regarding supply chain improvement and inflation. Relative to your comments, are you just allowing for – an impact assuming accounting for the obvious or have you actually seen inflation already just start to have an impact on your cost structure? And same thing with your comments about supply chain improvement, is that based on hope – are you actually seeing points that coming improvement in the second half?

Now the line was breaking up, so I’m not sure if I –

He was asking on have we seen concrete evidence of the impact of inflation on our business. And what – do we have something concrete on the supply chain improvement in the second half.

I mean – well, absolutely, we are seeing inflation in our business, the semiconductor prices have gone up. There is inflation in pretty much everything that you touch in the world at the moment. And all of that has, of course, been incorporated in the guidance that we have given we’ve been able to mitigate some of that with the technology improvement with productivity improvement and so on. And that’s why we’ve been able to maintain a pretty solid profitability despite the inflation. And then when it comes to new deals, as I explained earlier. Of course, in all new deals that we make, we take into account all cost information that we are seeing and what we are expecting to see in the coming years. Then specifically on semiconductors, the concrete evidence that you asked for. I mean, this is very tactical. We are in day-to-day discussions with all key suppliers and little and little – little by little, there are more cases where we see more components becoming available. And this is what we are expecting to see in the second half of the year. Then, just to complete the answer on the cost of semiconductors, as I said earlier, we have seen that memory prices have turned. They have actually dropped, but this is not yet true to the broader component supplier base.

Thank you, Paul. We’ll take our last question from Felix Henriksson from Nordea. Felix, please go ahead.

Hi, thanks for taking my question. Just given that your restruct penetration rose to only the one Mobile Networks and you’re say to achieve your 100% target by the year-end. How should we think about the gross margin upside in Mobile Networks heading towards the year-end and into the 2023 as the inflationary headwinds are mounting how should we think about the different components? Thanks.

We are, of course, not giving any specific gross margin guidance. I mean, this is always like in any business, this is a game that you need – that you want to play between volume and margin so that you optimize the outcome for your shareholders. And that’s what we are doing. Top line is important. Margin is important. We are working with our suppliers to deal with the inflation. We are, of course, negotiating best possible prices in the deals, and as I said, optimizing volume and margin so that we get the best possible outcome. I’m not really sure if I’m able to get into any more details than this. It depends a lot on the overall semiconductor cost development overall inflationary development regardless of all that, we still have potential to improve our technology position, our internal efficiency, our R&D productivity and so on. So there’s a lot to do in addition to working on the supply chain cost.

Did you have a very quick follow-up, Felix?

No, that’s all from me. Thanks.

That was our last question for today. Thank you for – everyone for your questions. Thank you, Pekka and Marco, for your answers. Ladies and gentlemen, this does conclude today’s call. I would like to remind you that during the call today, we have made a number of forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may therefore differ materially from the results currently expected. Factors that could cause such differences can be both external as well as internal operating factors. We have identified such risks in the Risk Factors section of our annual report on Form 20-F, which is available on our Investor Relations website. Thank you for listening.

The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today’s presentation.