Good day. And welcome to the 2026 Earnings Call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. Should you need assistance, please signal a conference specialist by pressing the star key. After today's presentation, please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Kris Newton, Vice President, Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Hi, everyone. Thanks for joining us. With me today are CEO, George Kurian, and CFO, Wissam Jabre. This call is being webcast live and will be available for replay on our website at netapp.com. During today's call, we will make forward-looking statements and projections with respect to our financial outlook and future prospects, including without limitation, our guidance for the third quarter and fiscal year 2026, our expectations regarding future revenue, profitability, and shareholder returns, and other growth initiatives and strategies. These statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, which may cause our actual results to differ materially. For more information, please refer to the documents we file from time to time with the SEC and on our website, including our most recent Form 10-Ks and Form 10-Q. We disclaim any obligation to update our forward-looking statements and projections. During the call, all financial measures presented will be non-GAAP unless otherwise indicated. Reconciliations of GAAP to non-GAAP estimates are available on our website. I'll now turn the call over to George.

Thanks, Kris. Good afternoon, everyone. Thank you for joining us. We delivered a strong Q2 with revenue of $1.71 billion, up 3% year over year. Excluding the divested spot business, total revenue was up 4%. All flash and public cloud, which address growth markets and carry higher gross margins, made up 70% of Q2 revenue. This shift, combined with our continued operational discipline, has enabled us to drive profitability metrics higher. Our gross margin set a Q2 record and exceeded our guidance range. Both operating margin and EPS surpassed expectations and marked all-time highs. Expected softness in USPS revenue was offset by growth in all other geographies. We saw strong demand for our AI solutions, first-party and marketplace cloud storage services, and all flash offerings. In the age of data and intelligence, customers are choosing NetApp for our unified data platform that delivers exceptional value and operational efficiencies, fueling our success in the face of the ongoing macro environment. In October, we hosted our annual customer conference, NetApp Insight, where we unveiled major advancements to our enterprise-grade data platform, including enhanced AI workload capabilities, stronger cyber resilience, and deeper AI integrations and data solutions with our hyperscaler partners. Customers and partners shared how NetApp is driving their success in the age of data-enabled intelligence. Their feedback and achievements underscore our commitment to innovation and delivering value in a rapidly evolving landscape. We launched AFX, an ultra-scalable, extreme-performance disaggregated storage platform certified for NVIDIA SuperPOD, designed to power demanding AI workloads and AI service providers. AFX seamlessly integrates into an organization's hybrid multi-cloud data estate with the proven enterprise-grade data management and security features of ONTAP. We also introduced the NetApp AI data engine, an end-to-end AI data service integrated into ONTAP. The AI data engine, referred to as AIDE, simplifies…

Thanks, George, and good afternoon, everyone. As George mentioned, in the fiscal second quarter, we delivered strong results, exceeding both the midpoint of the revenue guidance range and the high end of the EPS guidance range. Total revenue for the quarter was $1.71 billion, up 3% year over year. Non-GAAP earnings per share was $2.05. Excluding the divested spot business, which generated $23 million of revenue in the year-ago quarter, total revenue was up 4% year over year. The effect of foreign currency exchange rates was favorable to revenue growth by approximately one percentage point year on year, while it was immaterial relative to guidance. Looking at revenue by segment, Hybrid Cloud revenue of $1.53 billion was up 3% year over year, driven by product support and Keystone. Keystone continues to show great progress with growth of 76% year over year. Public Cloud revenue of $171 million increased by 2% year over year. Excluding spot, public cloud revenue was up 18% year over year, driven by strong demand in first-party and marketplace storage services. At the end of the second quarter, our deferred revenue balance was $4.45 billion, up 8% year over year and 7% year over year in constant currency. Remaining performance obligations were $4.9 billion, growing 11% year over year. Unbilled RPO, a key indicator of future key revenue, was $456 million, up 39% year over year. Moving to the rest of the income statement, please note my comments will be related to non-GAAP results unless stated otherwise. Gross margin for the fiscal second quarter was 72.6%, above our guidance range. Sequentially, gross margin was up 1.5 percentage points. Gross profit was $1.24 billion, up 4% compared to Q2 2025. Hybrid cloud gross margin was 71.4%, up 1.4 percentage points sequentially due to product gross margin improving by…

Thanks, Wissam. Operator, let's begin the Q&A. Simply press star 1 again. Your first question comes from the line of Aaron Rakers with Wells Fargo. Please go ahead.

Yes. Thanks for taking the question. I guess the first question would be as we think about the component environment, both from a potential pricing perspective as well as whether or not you might be seeing any kind of constraints. I'm curious to how the company is managing that. Have you leaned in on any kind of strategic purchases? And any thoughts on the duration of those strategic purchases as far as the next couple of quarters? How much visibility do you have on the pricing dynamics underpinning the gross margin outlook? Thank you.

Hey, Aaron. Thanks for the question. So on the components, we know we did mention last quarter that we did lock in some prices. And based on that, we do have visibility for a couple more quarters, I would say, at least until the end of this fiscal year. When you look at where we are, obviously, Q2 product margin was slightly better than our long-term model, which is in the mid to high 50%. And then when we look at the rest of the year, we expect product margin or product gross margin to be relatively stable to where we ended in Q2. Looking ahead, if I think of the component pricing, look, this is an environment that could be volatile. And so we're not going to make a call on that. But what we do is we look at various scenarios. We have a very capable supply chain team that has been through many of these past cycles of tight supply and some of the commodities that we buy. With rising cost environments, for instance, we've been able to manage very efficiently over the years, in fact, while also in some cases, growing EPS. And so we will continue to manage our input cost and maintain our supply continuity. We haven't seen any disruptions so far. We heard of any as such. Now ultimately, our goal is really to focus on our total gross margin. And this comes down to the various components of our revenue and the mix. And so there's the rate there and the mix. If we continue to see current levels, let's say, of some of the commodities, in particular, let's say, I know you probably have in mind that one of the things, for instance, is NAND. We continue to see similar levels, we'll probably have a bit of headwind into fiscal 2027 from a product gross margin perspective. But when we look at the mix of the business, going forward, we continue to see high growth in the cloud business, which is now operating between 80-85%. I mean, Q2, it was at 83% gross margin. We continue to see good growth in Keystone. And so the mix is very much favorable to us. The couple of the last couple of points, I would say, as we think through all of this, we're focused on driving growth in gross profit dollars, which is foundational to the profitability engine of our business. And lastly, you know, if we are faced with higher commodity prices, relative to where we are today, we will always reconsider our pricing. Commodity prices are typically passed through for us, and we don't have an issue passing them through.

And, Wasson, I appreciate that. That's a very thorough answer. Looking back historically, how quickly could you pass those through? Is that within a given quarter? Does it take a couple of quarters to see that flow through?

Look, this is probably more of a hypothetical, obviously. As I said, where we are today, we have good visibility till the end of the fiscal year. But we don't necessarily need a lot of time to pass them through. We can always adjust prices as needed.

Thank you, sir. Thank you.

Thanks, Aaron. Next question? Your next question comes from the line of Eric Woodring with Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.

Great. Thank you guys for taking my question. Maybe I'm going to ask a similar question to Aaron. And Wassam, that is you're effectively at 60% product gross margins. I know you said we should expect them to be relatively unchanged through the rest of the year. First part of that is just, is this a function of, you know, mix to all flash? Is this still pricing tailwinds? Is this kind of bomb cost down? I'd love if you could just maybe contextualize what the real drivers are of that product gross margin expansion. And then second, I'll just ask both questions at once is, I realize you don't really need to talk to fiscal year 2027, it's too early in the commodity cost environment is quite volatile. But are we kind of at peak product gross margins? Can product gross margins expand from here? Like I just love to understand how you think about the sustainability of where we are even regardless of the memory cycle. Thank you so much, guys.

Yes. Thanks, Eric. Hey, look. What I said, yeah, for the rest of the year, we expect product gross margin to be more or less where we are now. We're in the 59%, I think, and change. When we think about the drivers, you know, it's a combination of things. If I sort of look at where we are year on year, for instance, cost is now roughly flattish. And so we are seeing differences mostly driven by mix and pricing. That's pretty much what drives the margin. And as sort of I look forward, obviously, as you mentioned, it's too early to talk about 2027. But I'm gonna talk about, theoretically, how we think of the long-term product margin of our business. You know, we are targeting mid to high 50% margin. And so that's really we are operating a little bit better than that now. But our target is a mid to high 50% because, ultimately, to drive better gross margins for the company, is the mix that's going to be also a tailwind as our fast-growing cloud business continues growing at the high and delivering higher gross margin than the corporate average. This should help us improve on our margins. I wouldn't put a cap on our product margin ultimately, we continue to be very operationally disciplined in how we conduct the business. But I hope this answers your question.

Alright. Next. Your next question comes from the line of Samik Chatterjee with JPMorgan. Please go ahead.

Hi. Thanks for taking my questions. And maybe if I can pivot a bit more to the revenue side. George, you talked about sort of the AI-related transaction or deals that you closed. Looks like 200 versus 125 last quarter. Wondering sort of what you're seeing in terms of trends there. It sounds like an expiration on the sort of headline number of deals you're seeing. And is the AFX solution that you launched at Insights, what sort of customer feedback are you getting? And is that playing into those deals that you're now seeing? I have a quick follow-up after that. Thank you.

We are seeing a fairly stable mix of transactions. The volume is growing. The mix has stayed roughly the same, which is data prep and, you know, data lake modernization about 45% of the mix, training and fine-tuning, about 25 to 30% of the mix, and the rest is kind of rag and inferencing. I think you can see the pace of, you know, kind of wins have grown. A year ago, it was about a 100 greater than a 100. Now it's close to 200 or 200 across. So we're seeing the growth in the number of wins. And the mix staying roughly stable. With regard to the AFX platform, listen, we have had a huge amount of interest in it. It's going through customer qualifications. It's too early to say that it's because of the results. In the quarter. It takes a few quarters for a new system and architecture to get qualified, but we're seeing strong early interest in it.

Got it. Got it. And then, maybe a quick follow-up for Wissam here. When I look at the 3Q revenue guide, it's roughly sort of flat, modestly maybe down quarter over quarter. I realized last year you had the same seasonality, but for most of the previous years, prior years, you typically sort of have a seasonal growth from Q2 to Q3. So obviously it's a dynamic macro and you have sort of public sector headwinds, but anything sort of driving this seasonality to be a bit below average relative to your prior years into Q3?

So Samik, the really the couple of reasons are pretty much what you mentioned. You know, there's a bit of a dynamic macro. We're expecting our U.S. Public sector business to be slightly below seasonality. Given, obviously, the most recent shutdown in a little bit of time for government to reopen. Having said that, we view these as temporary and long term. We expect that business to get back to normal levels.

Got it. Thank you. Thanks, Mick. My question.

Thank you, Samik. Your next question comes from the line of David Vogt with UBS. Please go ahead.

Great. Thanks, guys, for taking my question. I'm going to roll them into one. So maybe George and Wissam, when I think about kind of the demand drivers going into the second half of this year, and I think you said you still expect federal to be sub-seasonal. How do we marry that sort of outlook and then going into 2027 with kind of how you're thinking about inventory and purchase commitments because your inventory on the balance sheet is still relatively modest doesn't seem like you took in a lot of finished goods. From my quick look. I'm just trying to think how we should think about marrying maybe a recovery and of the verticals like U.S. Federal next year. Hopefully, that's behind us. And how you're thinking about adding purchase commitments and working capital to support the business next year? Thanks.

I think maybe I can start and then Wissam can add color. I think, first of all, if you look at the second half implied growth rate, it is up if you look at x spot relative to the first half. So we are seeing some acceleration despite the U.S. public sector headwinds in the second half of the year. We see the, you know, the non-U.S. public segments had a strong result in Q2. Our flash business accelerated from 6% to 9% in the quarter despite a tough compare a year ago. So we feel good about momentum. We are aligned to what customers are spending. Despite the choppy macro, customers are spending on AI projects, on data infrastructure modernization to get ready for AI. They are implementing additional cyber resilience protection. We feel good about our alignment to customer spending. And then I think the third thing is that the faster-growing parts of our business are now a bigger part of the overall number. Cloud and flash are now 70% of the overall number. The slower, you know, the parts of the business that are not growing, are both smaller and also stabilizing more. And so that gives us belief that second half, hopefully, once U.S. public sector gets clarified, we should have a strong set of results going forward.

Yeah. And, David, with respect to purchasing commitments, look, as I mentioned, we have good visibility till the end of this fiscal year and we would be opportunistic as we go forward. We will be obviously looking at fiscal 2027 and we enter the year, we would want to be able to have good visibility and in many cases secure whatever would he. And so we won't hesitate to take the right actions. To make sure we protect our business and we have the supply that's needed.

Wissam, can I follow-up or full year kind of purchase commitments given the environment? Like what's your philosophy going into next year?

I would say it all depends on what buying and when. And so there isn't really one answer that fits all. We will be very dynamic. We'll make decisions very fast. But as I said in my earlier remarks, we have a very capable supply chain team. We the commodities and we don't hesitate to take action as needed. We do have a strong balance sheet. And if we need to take any specific action to protect our supply or to sort of lock in good prices, we won't hesitate to do that.

Great. Thank you.

Alright. Thanks, David. Your next question comes from the line of Krish Sankar with TD Cowen. Please go ahead.

Yes, hi. Thanks for taking my question. The first question, George, is for you. You kind of spoke about the 200 AI deals that you closed in the quarter. What is the average size of these deals? And also, where are we in the pilot to production journey for enterprises of AI? Is there a way to think about that into 2026? I have a quick follow-up.

Listen, the deal sizes are all over the map. I think that there are some that are smaller in proof of concept, and there are others that are in scale deployments that are much larger. So I would not share a particular number related to the average deal size. It would misrepresent the answer. With regard to the, you know, broad themes, I think, first of all, you know, data lakes and data prep are usually prior to scale deployments. They are in the get ready to use AI, bring all of my data together. I think fine-tuning and inferencing are at various stages of the, you know, kind of proof of concept to production deployments pipeline. I think if you look at the industry, life sciences, financial services, some parts of manufacturing, and public sector are areas where we see AI being broadly adopted. With the most advanced use cases in life sciences, and I think that you know, the adoption use cases depend on industry.

Got it. And then as a quick follow-up, Peter, for you or Wissam, you spoke about the first-party hyperscale services demand was very strong last quarter. Can you just quantify how much did that grow last quarter, that services business?

The first-party at marketplace services business grew 32% year on year.

Great. Thanks, Josh.

Yep. You're welcome. Thank you, Krish. Next question comes from the line of Steven Fox with Fox Advisors. Please go ahead.

Hi. Good afternoon. I just had one question. Given all the supply shortages that you're talking about, which seem to have accelerated, I guess, in the last several months. And I understand that you've taken some tactical moves to secure supply. Why do we think or is there a risk, I guess, that you run into next year sometime? Not saying first quarter or second quarter, but is there a risk that at some point that the lack of supply hurts overall demand, whether because of overall price of product or just your availability to ship? Thanks.

I'll just clarify the comment by saying we did not suggest that we have any supply shortages. We said that we have secured supply commitments and pricing through the end of the fiscal year. And we'll take appropriate actions to guarantee supply across a broad ecosystem of suppliers through the next fiscal year depending on what we see.

Okay. So that you're confident that the price whatever price you're talking about a year from now, George, is sustainable in the marketplace, I guess?

Listen. There's a lot of puts and takes in the bill of in our products. And so and we have a broad ecosystem of suppliers. So we work with them both to look at, you know, a variety of different price points and offering. And we'll have the right mix. As we said, you know, the historic pattern of this industry is that when component prices, commodity prices go up, there are pricing actions taken to share some of those price increases with. And if it reaches that point, we will have we have the experience to do that.

Great. Thank you for the color.

Thank you. Thanks, Dave. Your next question comes from the line of Tim Long with Barclays. Please go ahead.

Thank you. Two if I could as well. Hate to kill the commodities here, but just curious, a lot of talk about NAND, but HDDs are tight and going up as well. So is there what's the impact on the business of QLC being used more than hybrid or maybe more than TLC? Any moving parts that might actually benefit the move towards all flash, number one? And then number two, the cloud revenues have been pretty consistent, high teens x spot. George, you mentioned a lot of new offerings on the big cloud players. Could you just talk about that kind of xSpot growth rate? Do you think that high teens is sustainable? Or can some of these newer offerings help accelerate that number even though the base is fairly large? Thank you.

Yeah. On the first question, listen. HDDs actually performed well for us this quarter. It performed, you know, in my expectation, better than we had planned. And so we are seeing a broad range of use cases for these products. We don't see that one type of technology replaces the other. There are use cases for TLC, QLC, and HDDs, and we are seeing that pattern in our business. I think with regard to your question on cloud, listen, I think broadly speaking, we are super positive. About the growth of our first-party and marketplace cloud services business. They have been kicking along nicely north of 30% representing strong customer demand for our differentiated. I think that, you know, the scale of the business, if you look at the Q2 quarter on quarter growth, it was the highest quarter on quarter, you know, incremental revenue the history of the cloud business. So we feel really strong about that. And broadly speaking, we have a really good set of tools for enterprise workloads on the cloud. The next big push is to capture the AI and data-intensive workloads on the cloud. And so you'll see us bring innovations in the market. We already talked about some of them, and you'll see a lot more of that over the next, you know, six to twelve months. And so super excited. This is really about scaling the go-to-market. It is almost, you know, we can bring on as many clients as we want. It's really bringing effectively scaling go-to-market motion. For our cloud offerings.

K. Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Simon Leopold with Raymond James. Please go ahead.

I wanted to see how you thought about your opportunities to win business with some of the sovereign or neo clouds who are not necessarily hyperscale and, you know, building their own storage solutions. How do you see that fitting into your strategy? And what kind of opportunities have you seen so far there?

Yeah. We are part of a large number of sovereign clouds. Across the globe for many, many years. With regard to their AI landscapes, we have mentioned, you know, sovereign AI wins. Solution. We have expanded the range of offerings with the AFX that allows us to participate in a broader range of, you know, footprints within those, you know, sovereign AI cloud. And we are bringing more innovation to the market, you know, over the next few months. So stay tuned.

And how do you think about the competitive landscape in that application and broadly the AI opportunities?

I think that as those sovereign providers look to serve enterprise clients, with AI workloads, all of the value that we have both in terms of the differentiated capabilities around security, multi-tenancy, data protection, hybrid landscape, play to our advantage. We are seeing some of that momentum. With the introduction of the AFX. People have been super interested in our ability to serve those new use cases that those AI cloud providers are trying to go after.

Thanks. Thank you, Simon. Your next question comes from the line of Jason Ader with William Blair. Please go ahead.

Yes. Thank you. Good afternoon. Wanted to first ask just on the performance in the quarter. You had a nice roughly $20 million beat. And then you reiterated for the year. So I just wanted to understand why you didn't flow through the beat. Is it just a little bit extra conservatism? Based on public sector or supply chain or any other factors?

Yeah. I mean, I think we saw, you know, in the quarter, some really strong we talked about large deals. We had a, you know, good set of those that helped offset the really steep decline in the U.S. public sector business. We had not anticipated when we guided the quarter that USPS would suffer such a long shutdown. And I think as we look out to the second half of the year, if you look at the overall guide for the second half of the year ex spot, it actually is an acceleration year on year from the first half. But you know, clearly, we want to have more line of sight into how U.S. public sector plays out. As Wissam mentioned, it takes a while for the governmental agencies to get back to procurement and spending, and so we're being a tad cautious about that. There are no implications from the supply chain in our guidance.

Okay. Great. And then just a quick follow-up, on Keystone. Don't think that's come up in the Q&A yet. Know, you've been in this space for a long time, George. I mean, do you feel like we're hitting some type of an inflection in the storage as a service model? Maybe it's not an inflection. Maybe it's just sort every year, it's going to get bigger and sort of be more of a slow burn. But it does seem like that part of the business is incredibly strong, and we've seen strength across other suppliers as well. So do you think that this is just going to be more of the norm in the storage market over the next decade or so?

I think this is, you know, a new way for customers to buy infrastructure. I think it is driven both by maturity of the offering as well as customers, you know, kind of maturity in using these business models coming from the cloud. Right? So they've learned how to buy infrastructure and a consumption model from the cloud. And so we see that growing as a part of the overall business. You know, like all things, enterprise infrastructure is a very large market. And so it will grow as a part of that market. We're excited to lean into that trend. I don't think the whole market switches overnight. Nothing ever happens that way, but it'll grow as it'll grow faster than the rest of the enterprise infrastructure buying models.

Thank you.

Thank you, Jason. Your next question comes from the line of Ananda Baruah with Loop Capital. Please go ahead.

Yes. Thanks, guys, for taking the question. George, with video, such a big theme at Insight, let me just since we have you take the opportunity to ask you anything notable or interesting on video that you saw over the last ninety days that you're seeing emerge? And I guess, video specifically, but unstructured generally? You know? In your customer base or in some of the proof of concepts. Thanks. I have a quick follow-up too, if I could. Thanks.

Yeah. Unstructured is clearly the place that customers are spending time organizing. We talked about the use cases where, you know, large semiconductor equipment manufacturer brought together millions of documents across a variety of applications to better understand what their engineers and their operations teams were working on so that they could, you know, kind of continue to optimize yield and, you know, efficiency in their business. We see that more and more across organizations. I think with video itself, you know, we talked about the content production house. That is using AI to build better, more enriched experiences for their digital clients. And so you're seeing that in certain use cases. We are also seeing the use of multimodal applications starting to grow. And then video analytics, for example, in weather forecasting, weather analysis, things like that. And so it's growing. I wouldn't say it's been the dramatic inflection, but multimodal is growing. We are seeing demand from customers for support for more complex multimodal language models, for example.

That's helpful. Thanks. And just a quick follow-up on memory. The hard drive makers seem, as we go through next year, like, they're pretty intense. On mixing up pretty quickly from 20 TB drives to 30 TB drives. Is that consistent relatively speaking with what your customer base is looking for also? I guess I'm wondering if that's organically in tandem with what your customers also would want. Thanks. That's it for me.

I think broadly speaking, customers are looking for aerial density improvements from above, you know, all of the silicon. We work with our supplier ecosystem to qualify different media sites and density points. And we'll do the same. We follow customer demand. We look at what the supplier ecosystem is telling us. Broadly speaking, you know, performance, cost, and density are the key drivers of new silicon adoption.

Thanks, George. For that. Your next question comes from the line of Louis Miscioscia with Dowry Capital Markets America Inc. Please go ahead.

Hey, George. On the latest earnings call, you'd seem to be a lot more encouraged about AI. And, obviously, you have a lot more wins this quarter. And I guess, you sort of were asked this question before, but let me just try again. Obviously, there's been a massive growth in many areas, mostly in servers, but storage in general hasn't really seen a big, big pickup from AI. So when do you think inference applications really start to create more data? That would then drive material new revenue for you? Do you see it as maybe first half calendar 2026, second half? I mean, I assume at some point it has to hit.

Yeah. I think we've always set compute and network build out would be both bigger and earlier than the storage build out. I think it is because the training of large language models and the algorithms that are being used for AI does not require a lot of storage. Right? Nobody is creating a second copy of all the Internet data to train OpenAI. And so that build out, of course, will be bigger and earlier than storage. I think as we said, storage is 80% of the storage use is actually from inferencing. So as inferencing becomes a bigger part of the overall AI landscape, you will see more storage consumption. I think we are seeing it in our business also in the data lake, data modernization business where people are building large multi-terabyte repositories to bring all their data together. I think if you were to look at, you know, what we said, we said, hey. You know, the number of proof of concepts would pick up in fiscal year 2026. We are seeing that. I think with regard to broader enterprise AI adoption, we've always believed it's use case by use case. It's not a horizontal technology that gets deployed. And so it really depends on the ROI from the use cases. That we see. There, we are seeing, like we said, health care and life science was ahead of the market. You know, some of the other ones, you know, kind of heavy in proof of concept, but not yet in production.

Okay. Thank you. Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Wamsi Mohan with Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Yes. Thank you so much. George, you said at the end of your prepared remarks that you would be capturing share in the market. And I was wondering how much of that is predicated on some of the flexibility you have in pricing given the supply that you have secured versus product portfolio mix capability? How are you thinking about that? And I have a follow-up.

Mean, broadly speaking, once the in a transaction, the majority of the value is in software. And the data platform that the company that the customer is signing on to. Right? They train their teams on the use of the platform. I think our growing differentiation, not only with cloud, but cyber bringing more advanced data management capabilities. This the leading indicator. I think when you are trying to displace the competitor, having a, you know, kind of flexible set of tools both things like Keystone or, you know, subscription type services and the ability price aggressively is helpful.

Okay. Okay. Thanks, George. And just a follow-up. You just raised your public cloud gross margin range and you're already kind of at, you know, more than halfway through that, range with slight increase in revenue in the quarter. I'm just kind of wondering like what's a natural ceiling with for this business? That you see? And maybe you can just maybe, Wissam, can just comment on cash flow as well. A little bit weak in the quarter. Just thinking through sort of trajectory over there, that would be helpful. Thank you.

Sure, Wamsi. So let me start with the first part of your question. On the cloud gross margin, look, this is the second quarter we're operating within our upgraded target range. We feel comfortable operating within this range. We've seen the mix in that business shifting a little bit more towards software. And as we talked about before, we've had some roll-off and depreciation. Having said that, there could be potentially an upward bias, but it's too early to talk about that today. I would say, we're still comfortable operating in that within that sort of 80% to 85% range that we published last quarter. Respect to the cash flow, it is there's a bit of seasonality in our cash flow. And so Q2 is typically lower, in some cases, sometimes the lowest point in the year. Also in Q2, we had the last installment of the tax payment, which had to do with the transition tax that was related to the law that was enacted back in 2017, I believe. So those are, I would say, the couple of factors influencing Q2 cash flow.

Okay, great. Thank you so much.

Thanks, Wamsi. Next question comes from the line of Param Singh with Oppenheimer. Please go ahead.

Yes. Hi, and thank you for taking my questions. So really wanna dive a little bit more into, you know, your AI wins. You talked a little bit about AI differentiation, the AFX, and what's helping you win versus competitors. Wanted to understand, you know, what are you hearing from customers technically? Do you feel you're there yet? And if you could share, what mix of your AI wins are with existing customers as opposed to taking share from new customers?

I think with our, you know, AI win, just like with our all-flash business, we are bringing on a lot of new customers. And then I'm talking about the on-prem business. The cloud business has been a very strong contributor to new clients. As we have shared, roughly half of all our cloud customers are net new to NetApp. Right? And that's pattern has stayed the same for a very, very long period of time. So if you talk about the enterprise storage business, the, you know, number of new customers that are signing on to us has been strong. A lot of that is because of unified data management, you know, hybrid cloud, you know, kind of deployment options. And an increasing number of customers coming because of our built-in Mist two compliant cyber resilience solutions. And so those are the key sources of wins. I think with regard for enterprise AI, we feel really, really strong. Yeah. We are we don't have we are ahead of all the competition. Most of the competitors have, you know, kind of point products. They don't have an integrated stack. They don't have hybrid. They don't have all of those pieces that we have. Do we feel good? You know, clearly, in our installed base, we have an enormous because we hold all the data. And as we talked about at our inside conference, we can bring AI to your data rather than copy all your data over and do AI.

Got it. And, before my follow-up, anything sorry. So just a quick follow-up. You know, assuming that, you know, you keep winning and you, you know, your revenue trajectory is gonna improve on the product side with incremental workloads coming into AI inferencing. After that, you have Keystone going faster, easier comps with Spot, increasing public cloud mix, wouldn't it be reasonable to assume that off of 5% you know, normalized go through this year, you should see an acceleration to next year. Would that be the right way to think about it?

I'll just say people guide fiscal year 2027 when we guide fiscal year 2027. All of the comments you made are in terms of a growing part of our business is coming from faster-growing, you know, components of our business. Like cloud, Keystone, all flash, and AI. And I think that as that mix gets to be a bigger part of our business, you should expect acceleration. But we'll guide fiscal year 2027 when we get there.

Thank you so much. Appreciate it.

Yep. Thank you.

Your next question comes from the line of Ari Terjanian with Cleveland Research Company. Please go ahead.

First, just on the quarter, good to hear the uptick in large deal activity. I know, George, at the start of the year, you referenced some larger deals in the pipeline. What do you think drove some of the larger deal activity this quarter? Was it execution or maybe there's some pull forward ahead of potential shortages? And then, you know, my second question, you know, it seems like topics was down year over year. It seems like it's been trending that way. How sustainable is that? Is that more timing related of hiring? How should we think about that in the second half? And next year? Thank you.

Yeah. I think, first of all, with regard to, you know, Quinn, listen. This is execution. Right? We said we had good pipeline, and we are executing to that. I do not think that there are pull-ins due to supply chain. Right? I mean, listen. We have never said there's a supply chain issue in our, you know, kind of our pipeline. And so I just we'll just say, hey. These are wins. You always get some that get closed earlier than others and some that get closed later. I think that, you know, our strength in the business helped offset a significant, you know, kind of deterioration in U.S. public sector. Due to the shutdown. And so we feel good about that. With regard to OpEx, I'll let Wissam comment on it.

Yeah. With regards to OpEx, look, this is a matter of time. We expect it to be potentially slightly higher from here for the second half. We do wanna continue to invest in the business. We wanna invest in the growth of our business. And so, I'll leave it at that.

Thanks, Ari. Your next question comes from the line of Amit Daryanani with Evercore. Please go ahead.

Hi. This is Hannah for Amit. Was just wondering for All Flash, the growth accelerated rather well. This quarter. Can you just touch on what drove that? And was it pricing, portfolio refresh? Or was it AI?

I think that, from a workload perspective, AI was noticeable. With regard to the mix, listen, I think we have refreshed the full set of systems last year, Anna. And so we're seeing the benefit of that as customers have qualified the systems and started to use it. And then we saw strong results, especially in the high-performance flash area. Where our offerings are, you know, did really well in the quarter.

Thanks, Anna. Your final question comes from the line of Asiya Merchant with Citigroup. Please go ahead.

Great. Thank you for taking my question. Just I was wondering, you answered partly that about the high-performance mix shift. I think there was some mix shift that worked the other way in the prior quarter. So just as you look ahead, the guide for the, you know, overall gross margins ticking higher here, you can just kind of lay out how you're thinking about the mix here. And then what's embedded in terms of public cloud revenues? Because obviously that's the higher margin. What's embedded in terms of public cloud revenue growth expectations? For the third quarter? Thank you.

Hey, Asiya. Thanks for the question. Look, we don't guide to that level of granularity. I think I've said enough with respect to product gross margin to sort of give an indication as to how we expect the next couple quarters to shape up. With respect to public cloud, I would expect as I said, from a margin perspective, we're comfortable in where we are operating exiting Q2. And from a revenue perspective, we talked about the growth being very much in line with what we've seen over the past, let's say, couple of quarters. So hopefully, this helps.

Alright. Thanks, Asiya. I'm gonna turn it over to George for some final remarks.

Thank you, Kris. Strong execution and operational discipline enabled us to deliver a strong second quarter. Our focus on AI, all flash, and public cloud continues to yield top-line growth in an uncertain macro environment. In the quarter, we introduced substantial innovation to extend our differentiation and further solidify our leadership position. Looking ahead, we remain confident that our visionary approach to a data-driven future will enable us to outgrow the market and capture additional share, driving value for customers, partners, and shareholders. Thank you. Have a great Thanksgiving.

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's call. Thank you all for joining. You may now disconnect.