David Butters
Analyst · Ben Nolan with Stifel. Please go ahead
And fundamentally Ben, the concept of exports of petrochemicals is fundamental to development of raw materials. Goodwill trade is moving raw materials, propane or whatever to producing nations, producing markets. The United States has discovered this enormous amount of hydrocarbon through hydrofracking and other methods of technology creating the wealth of petrochemicals here that are cheaper than anywhere else. The further stage of all of that is the export of those raw materials, but that's a very crude way of creating value. What is happening is petrochemical companies, oil companies are converting those raw materials into upper grade product, propane, propylene and ethylene and butadiene, and further petrochemicals. And those are the things that in the future will be exported at the expense of the raw material. Now if we look around the world, that happens in other places, it happened in Iran in the late 1970s, early 1980s where they built up a massive complex of petrochemicals, because they had enormous amount of natural gas in Pars field and the best way to exploit that was not to export that natural gas in the form of LNG, but to upgrade it into various petrochemicals. That's been in a hiatus since the war with Iraq and sanctions and so on, but that's coming back now in a significant way, and we hope that some point we will be in a position to participate in that. It's also happening in the Mid-East. If you look at Saudi Arabia, they are drilling more natural gas and more use of drilling equipment to drill natural gas than they are for oil. Why is it natural gas? Because it's feeding their growing petrochemical complex in that country. They clearly are building that massive base of petrochemicals to be exploited and exported out of that country. The United States was the wealth of natural gas is doing the same thing. We're building an enormous base of capacity that's been going on now for the last four years. The amount of ethylene for example, new capacity is approximately 50% more than what we have right now. So, it's a trend we anticipated, the movement of petrochemical gasses in a variety of form at the expense of the raw material. So, we're in that trend which is slow, but inevitable, and we've tried to build our fleet and our capabilities anticipating that in the future, that's the business to be in, where we got the dominant position today. We got the complex group of vessels and different sizes, we got a team of engineers and operational people, we feel very comfortable as that business develops, we're going to right square in the mainstream of this. So, its' a slow process, it's inevitable, it's happening and if you doubt it, just take a look at what Enterprise is doing with their propylene plant in the Houston Ship Channel. They are shipping and anticipating that is where we're going.