Good morning, and welcome to the Perma-Fix Fiscal Second Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] Please note, this conference is being recorded. I will now turn the conference over to your host, David Waldman of Crescendo [Audio Gap] Communications. David, the floor is yours.

Thank you, Jenny, and good morning, everyone. Welcome to Perma-Fix Environmental Services Second Quarter 2025 Conference Call. On the call with us this morning are Mark Duff, President and CEO; Dr. Lou Centofanti, Executive Vice President of Strategic Initiatives; and Ben Naccarato, Chief Financial Officer. The company issued a press release this morning containing second quarter 2025 financial results, which is also posted on the company's website. If you have any questions after the call or would like any additional information about the company, please contact Crescendo Communications at (212) 671-1020. I'd also like to remind everyone that certain statements contained within the conference call may be deemed forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and include certain non-GAAP financial measures. All statements on this conference call other than a statement of historical fact are forward-looking statements that are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which could cause actual results and performance of the company to differ materially from such statements. These risks and uncertainties are detailed in the company's filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as well as this morning's press release. The company makes no commitment to disclose any revisions to forward-looking statements or any facts, events or circumstances after the date hereof that bear upon forward-looking statements. In addition, today's discussion will include references to non-GAAP measures. Perma-Fix believes that such information provides an additional measurement and consistent historical comparison of its performance. A reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures is available in today's news release and on our website. I'd now like to turn the call over to Mark Duff. Please go ahead, Mark.

All right. Thank you, David, and good morning, everyone. We delivered a sequential and year-over-year revenue growth in the second quarter, accompanied by a meaningful improvement in our gross margin. These results reflect continued progress on our operational initiatives, particularly within our Treatment segment, where revenue increased approximately 37% compared to the same period last year. Even more notable was the fact that our waste receipts more than doubled year-over-year to approximately $14 million in Q2 of '25. That said, treatment results were tempered by technical challenges that limited production capacity early in the quarter. These issues have been resolved through automation and process improvements that are already enhancing our throughput, improving safety and reducing manual labor. We expect to realize the full benefit of these enhancements in the second half of the year. Importantly, we continue to realize stay shipments from Hanford in support of the cleanup program as well as the tank management mission, which are estimated to be about $3 million of revenue per month. On a related note, the Department of Energy recently announced a delay in the DFLAW facility start-up from August 1 to as late as October 15. Despite the short-term delay, that program represents substantial new revenue streams for us. We remain encouraged by the long-term outlook for DFLAW and the substantial reoccurring revenue and cash flow it is expected to contribute once operational. In our Services segment, project delays occurred earlier in the quarter, largely due to the federal government and federal procurement timing impacting our results. However, field execution and cleanup and remediation work is now tracking on schedule across key DOE and DOD sites. We're also pleased to report that our team was awarded a position on the Navy's $240 million RADMAC III IDIQ contract during the quarter. This award…

Thank you, Mark. I'll start with revenue. Our total revenue from our continuing operations for the second quarter was $14.6 million compared to last year's second quarter of $14 million. That's an increase of $600,000 or 4.3%. Our revenue in the Treatment segment increased by $3.1 million over the prior year or 36.6% as the waste volumes increased as did our average price of waste, which is usually impacted by waste mix. Our Treatment segment began the quarter with backlog of $10 million and had waste receipts and related revenues in excess of $14 million during the quarter, which contributed to the improved revenue and the strong backlog entering the third quarter. The increase in revenue was offset by a decrease in revenue at our Services segment of $2.5 million. Project delays and completion of large projects in the prior year were the main drivers of this shortfall. Moving to gross profit. For the quarter, our gross profit was $1.5 million compared to a negative $1.3 million in Q2 of '24. That's an improvement of $2.8 million. The revenue increase and lower variable costs of the waste treated had a positive impact on gross profit totaling about $3.4 million, which was partially offset by increased fixed costs at the plants of $683,000. The increased fixed costs were primarily labor related due to increases in waste receipts. In the Service segment, gross profit was relatively flat with prior year, increasing by $90,000 as the impact of lower variable costs and fixed expenses was offset by the impact on gross profit of lower revenue. The lower variable costs were the result of improved profitability of the projects performed this year, while our lower fixed costs were the result of reductions to our indirect labor. Turning to SG&A. Our SG&A costs for the…

[Operator Instructions] Our first question is coming from Aaron Spychalla of Craig-Hallum.

First, on the treatment side of things, you kind of talked about some challenges, improvements that have been made. Can you just give a little bit more detail on there and maybe how you think about the margin pickup in the back half and just maybe how you're thinking about overall kind of treatments in the back half of the year?

Yes, Aaron, I appreciate that question. We started receiving -- I think I mentioned this in the last quarter call that we start receiving a sizable waste stream from the Hanford operations side of the house, not the tank closure, but the -- actually it comes through tank closure, but it's more associated with operations of the tank farms themselves. And this waste stream includes some solidification process that had to occur. And we're having a difficult time with the process to -- because it was labor-intensive, it was going very slow. And we implemented some equipment and did the training and got the permit -- permits aligned with it as well as the alignment with the folks that will take the waste from us on the Hanford site to make sure that everything was worked properly and the performance of the treatment was adequate. So that took several months. We didn't expect it to take. If you remember last quarter, we talked about the fact that we had to hire a lot of people, and it took a while to get them trained in place. So that all happened and then we had problems with production. But that has all been resolved in about halfway through the quarter, and we really started getting our feet under us in June and meeting our performance goals -- so now that waste stream should be sustainable through '27 at minimum. And it's really a core competency for the type of work we do with our Northwest plant. All the other waste streams are going well and the Northwest facility is becoming a real anchor for us as expected in support of upcoming projects at Hanford as well, but also many other clients around the country and internationally as we continue to expand the operations there.

All right. And then on Hanford, I saw the wording in the release on as late as October 15. Maybe just talk about -- it sounds like confidence that, that could start up before then. And you alluded to it, but just preparations being made at the Northwest facility to handle those volumes as they start up.

Yes. The delay was somewhat unexpected to us because it was so close to the anticipated start date, but it's not really unexpected that they would have a delay in these types of things. But we heard that there was a number of items they're working through that have been publicized by the independent groups that make sure they're ready and that they were finding nitrogen oxide and some of the off- gas systems that they had that they had to deal with and address those concerns. And we've been told uniformly that's what they're working on right now. It shouldn't be the entire period. They give themselves some buffer. That's largely speculation. They're not really discussing what their time line really is. But I know DOE is not going to want to do multiple delays. So we're pretty confident that they should be done well within that period and then get rolling. Once they get rolling, then they'll enter the hot commissioning period. That's where they introduce actual tank waste to the plant. And that they'll do about a dozen to 2 dozen canisters. Then they'll test those canisters for performance, making sure that meets the standards they design the build the facility to do and test all the systems, make sure they're working properly and then they'll enter into an operational phase after that. So the operational phase will most likely be sometime in Q4. I'm not sure when and how long it will take between the 2 phases. But it seems like they're on track to be in operational phase before the end of the calendar year and get rolling. Did that address your question, Aaron, I'm not sure if I hit all the points.

Yes. No, it does. I mean maybe just preparations at Hanford to be able to handle everything if you feel comfortable there, investments that you've made and things like that.

Yes. We've completed our preliminary design of the systems we need to have in place for receipt of that waste. So we're ready to go. We will continue to make investments -- capital investments as the DFLAW gets rolling into larger quantities. In other words, we'll duplicate the systems we've got and add staff accordingly. But we're ready to go now through at least the operational period. And it's still difficult for DOE to really nail down the different types of waste we're going to be getting. They provided estimates along the way on the total quantities that they're expecting, but there's about a dozen different waste streams, and we're not sure how much of each one that we'll be receiving.So we really got to see how things go during commissioning and early start-up to really know how we need to expand so we don't overexpand to support the full operation.

Okay. That makes sense. And then on the Services side of things, you talked a little bit about West Valley in the planning period, a little bit on RADMAC. Just how are you seeing that services segment here in the next couple of quarters? Is West Valley kind of more of an early 2026 start-up in your eyes? Or maybe just some color there would be helpful.

Yes. Services had a negative impact on our performance this quarter, particularly. As I mentioned in the notes, there were some delays in field getting into the field and some delays in procurements. Both those are largely attributable to the change in administration and a lot of retirees, a lot of retirements and uncertainty in the federal government's procurement shops. They're working through those things. I understand it's very common within the DoD as well as DOE with the changes that have been made. The administration -- the Trump administration is pushing very hard on both those agencies to streamline procurements and make them more efficient. We're starting to see some of that already. But overall, to answer your question specifically, we see that picking up on both the Services side in this quarter and next quarter, particularly in regards to several projects that are just now getting rolling and some procurements that we've just submitted bids on at the end of Q2 and beginning of Q3. So West Valley is moving a little slower, a lot slower than we thought it would. We thought we'd be working by now. But the way it goes with these types of contracts, again, it's an end-state contract. So, what that means is you put together a strategy, a very detailed strategy for the next 10 years of what you're going to get done. And then you line up your cost with that to stay within a funding level and then the Department of Energy approves that. And we're in that strategy stage, putting the strategy together for the next 10 years. We're intimately involved in the waste management portion of that and then DOEs to approve that within the funding that they've got. So that's where that process is now. So that finishes up here around the first of the year. And then we're anticipating to be implementing that strategy beginning in Q1. So it just depends on if there's changes to our approach or funding that's moved one way or another could impact that. So that's why we're hesitant to really make a real forecast on the revenue we're going to get from West Valley at this point. But we still remain very optimistic. Our scope is very important and one of the primary goals for the site in the next several years. So we're optimistic that we're playing a critical role in there, but it hasn't been nailed down yet overall.

Our next question is coming from Howard Brous of Wellington Shields.

Basically, one question. You anticipate production of DFLAW to ramp up? And what are our associated revenue expectations from now through 2026?

They haven't really given us a lot of detail for the ramp-up. But what we've been told informally in meetings and as part of the overall program is, again, they'll do the commissioning now. Once operations start, as I mentioned, will be in Q4, operations has been informally defined as about 40% production capacity. So if you remember, the design capacity is 1 million gallons a year. And at 1 million gallons a year, they anticipate generating 8,000 cubic meters of waste. And looking at the waste streams that they're talking about here, we're estimating that to be in the $70 million to $80 million range for the 8,000 meters. So, if you do the math and they are running at 40% capacity in -- later in Q4 we could anticipate once they get to that point, $2 million to $3 million of revenue a month. And they'll be ramping up as fast as they can, as safely as they can over the next 18 months after operations begin to try to get to 70% or 80% operational capacity on the way up to full capacity. So, we'll -- I think we're anticipating, again, not knowing all the volumes of the different types of waste we'll receive, again, just to summarize, $2 million, $3 million in revenue upon operational phase start-up and then ramp up from there over the next 18 months through '26.

[Operator Instructions] Our next question is coming from Aaron Warwick of Breakout Investors.

Just a question on the Navy contract or IDIQ, I should say. Could you give us an idea about the size of it and how many different entities there are that are available to bid on those and just kind of what your expectations are there?

Sure, Aaron. I'm glad you asked that. These IDIQs are very difficult to nail down. We have a lot of IDIQs that don't see a whole lot of action. We just submitted a very sizable job with DOE through one of their IDIQs that we hasn't seen action in quite a while. This Navy IDIQ for the RADMAC III is a very active contract. And if you do the research, if you just type in Googling it, it's been -- it runs out of funding. It's that much used. In other words, they pump a lot of funding through this historically. And so it's $240 million, and they have 6 total awards, 3 large business and 3 small business. And again, we're a small business. And small businesses get to bid on all the large business task orders, but not vice versa. It's -- they can't bid on the small ones. The big bid on the small ones. So to answer your question, we already got our first task order working on it right now. It's due here in a couple of weeks. And they don't give a forecast or something like that. We don't know how it lines up with funding, but it's basically to do radiological remediation mostly in the California Coast, initially in Southern California, San Diego area and then also we're anticipating a number of projects in the Bay Area as well, where there's been long-term radiological issues. So to answer your question, it is -- it's competitive. Each task force is competitive. We're very comfortable with the 3 small business we'll be competing with some of the smaller tasks, we know very well. And the type of work that is done within this contract is exactly what we -- our strongest core competencies are aligned with. We have some technologies in these areas. And -- but again, it is -- they are competitive. And it's real difficult to really define how much revenue we can anticipate on an annual basis.

While we appear to have reached the end of our question-and-answer session, I will now turn it back over to the management for their closing comments.

All right. Thank you, Jenny. As we move into the second half of 2025, we remain focused on executing against our key strategic priorities, expanding our treatment and PFAS backlogs, driving performance improvements across all of our operations and converting large services and federal bid opportunities. The operational investments we made earlier in the year, combined with the progress we're seeing at Perma-Fix Northwest within the PFAS program across our DOE segments and engagements, they all position us to deliver strong results in the coming quarters. While timing around certain federal procurement processes remains variable, our backlog, our field execution and our pipeline visibility continue to improve. So, in summary, we remain confident in our ability to deliver a stronger financial performance in the back half of the year, supported by the progress we've already achieved. We appreciate your continued support and look forward to updating you again next quarter on our progress. Thank you.

Thank you very much. This does conclude today's conference. You may disconnect your phone lines at this time and have a wonderful day. We thank you for your participation.