Greetings. And welcome to Sunrun Second Quarter 2022 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference call is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Mr. Patrick Jobin. Thank you. You may begin.

Thank you, Operator. Before we begin, please note that certain remarks we will make on this conference call constitute forward-looking statements. Although we believe these statements reflect our best judgment based on factors currently known to us, actual results may differ materially and adversely. Please refer to the company’s filings with the SEC for a more inclusive discussion of risks and other factors that may cause our actual results to differ from projections made in any forward-looking statements. Please also note that these statements are being made as of today and we disclaim any obligation to update or revise them. On the call today are Mary Powell, Sunrun’s CEO; Danny Abajian, Sunrun’s CFO; Ed Fenster, Sunrun’s Co-Founder and Co-Executive Chair, is also on the call today and will be participating in the Q&A session that follows the prepared remarks. And now, let me turn the call over to Mary.

Thank you, Patrick. Well, well, well, so much to talk about since our last quarter. Frankly, I was already looking forward to speaking with all of you this week to talk about the exciting developments and how strong we are delivering on the fundamentals, and then we received the good news coming out of Washington on climate legislation. As a company providing customers with the ability to have a more affordable, innovative, resilient and recession proof future, it truly feels like the sun is shining on our work. That said, in the spirit of, you make your own luck, the Sunrun team has been laser focused on crushing the fundamentals and I am excited to talk about the work we have been doing and some of the luck we have created. We delivered above-guidance volumes in the quarter, growing new installations by 33% from the same period last year and have continued to see incredibly strong momentum, breaking sales records again just last month and growing customer orders 28% compared to last year. We are delivering on improving net subscriber values through continued actions to be faster, better and stronger and to see those benefits continuing to build and flow through the pipeline, which underpins our guidance of continued margin expansion into Q3. Looking beyond the quarter, I am very excited about building the future we are running to. We are a clean energy technology company and we believe the ultimate way to fuel life is through the natural abundance of the sun. We aim to put control, simplicity and possibility in the hands of every customer to connect with the cleanest energy on earth for powering their homes, their transportation and their lives. We are running to provide a more affordable, resilient and energy independent future for America. Now…

Thank you, Mary. Hi, everyone. I am pleased to be joining Mary and Ed today on my first quarterly call as CFO. Today I will cover our operating and financial performance in the quarter along with an update on our capital markets activities and outlook. Turning first to the results for the quarter. In the second quarter, customer additions were approximately 34,400, including more than 25,000 subscriber additions. Our subscriber additions were nearly 74% of our total customer additions in the period, up from nearly 72% in Q1. Solar energy capacity installed was over 246 megawatts in the second quarter of 2022, a 33% increase from the same quarter last year and exceeding the high end of our guidance range. We saw strong customer demand for our products and services in Q2. Customer orders increased by 28% in the quarter compared to the prior year. While we are still adding customers to our pipeline, the increased pace of installations is allowing us to gradually work down our pipeline. Our current pipeline is closer to one quarter at this point. We have now installed over 42,000 batteries. We expect battery installations to grow rapidly in the quarters ahead. Current battery supply conditions and longer install cycle times have resulted in lower battery attachment expectations in the near future, but we expect that as we introduce additional battery suppliers and work through our pipeline, attachment rates will increase meaningfully. Today we are prioritizing allocation of batteries in key markets where they are needed the most for grid reliability concerns. We ended Q2 with approximately 724,000 customers and more than 614,000 subscribers, representing 5.1 gigawatts of networked solar energy capacity, an increase of 21% compared to the prior year. Our subscribers generate significant, recurring revenue with most under 20-year or 25-year contracts for…

Thanks, Danny. It is such a powerful time in our nation’s history to be working in clean energy, shoulder-to-shoulder with thousands of Sunrunners, every day working hard to deliver to Americans what they want and need, clean affordable independent energy to power their lives and give to them a greater sense of comfort and security. We sit on the precipice of perhaps the most impactful climate and inflation reduction legislation the U.S. has ever seen. It is so exciting to think about the measures and how they could dramatically accelerate our work and maximize our impact, all while addressing rampant energy inflation, which is squeezing households across the country. That said, no matter what the world throws at us, at Sunrun we stay focused on making our own luck, growing faster better and stronger and delivering on our obsession with our customers, with the employees who serve them and delivering strong results for our investors. Before opening the line for questions, I want to again express my deep appreciation for the big hearted, ambitious team of employees at Sunrun, the customers we are blessed to serve and the many partners who work with us every single day to deliver on creating a planet run by the sun. With that, Operator, let’s open the line for questions.

Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Julien Dumoulin-Smith with Bank of America. Please proceed with your question.

Hey, team. Good afternoon. Thank you and kudos for holding in on that 10,000 the figure that we have all been seeing fixated on here.

Thanks.

If I can, just -- indeed, if I can, just to keep running with that. If you don’t mind, I’d love to hear a little bit more about how you think about future further rate increases, right? For example, how do your rates compare with utilities today, after the increases that you have implemented and considering that typically the cadence of rate increases is fixated around January 1st, can we expect a further step up and expand that 10,000 going into 2023 or at least in a 1Q 2022 or 2023?

Hey, Julien. It’s Mary. Thanks so much for the question and for the enthusiasm for our maintaining our focus on net subscriber value. But that’s it. Yeah, your question, I will hit it first at the broad level and then see if Danny has any additional comments. But we have a lot of headroom. I mean, the bottomline is we have a lot of headroom. We basically are providing customers all across America. But particularly in some markets with really, really significant savings value proposition. We are also at the same time, Julien, we are seeing more and more customers, candidly, that are so motivated by other factors. And again, more and more customers are also going solar to power their electric vehicles. So when you also think about the opportunity to power an electric vehicle with your own independent solar versus the prices, the volatile prices at the pump, that also is a part of what we see as continuing to drive demand. So I would say, at the highest level, again, we are being very opportunistic, at the same time as we are very, very focused on making sure that we are delivering a significant value proposition to the customers we serve. And with that data, I don’t know if you want to hit anymore.

Yeah. Not much that, Julien. Thanks for the question. I -- as we discussed last period, and as we have shown this period, we are making progress towards getting the realization of the pricing actions we have made. And as you as you will notice, the guidance for Q3 and Q4 this time indicating we also, obviously, have gained confidence that the pricing actions we have taken will stick. Beyond that, we are not guiding anything at the moment. Mary has kind of given you a sense for how we are thinking about things and I think we are confident in what we have said regarding Q3 and Q4 at this time.

And Julien, lastly, also, as you know, the other adoption that’s happening, whether it’s electric vehicles, heat pumps, other types of electrification, it’s just then driving up the demand for larger systems as well.

Certainly. Excellent. Thank you. And just a quick follow up here considering IRR, obviously, there’s an existing ITC, but the extent to which you could get an additional bump up on the ITC with some of these additional adders, what portion of the your perspective origination could qualify for some of these additional ITC adders here or how nimble could your business be to pivot towards those kinds of higher ITC opportunities is that you see today?

Hi, Julien. It’s Ed. We have a fantastic opportunity here. I am a little cautious to share exact numbers, because the regulations on each of the adders will be promulgated by Treasury and haven’t been issued yet. But our preliminary analysis is, on the low income adder, approximately a third of our existing customers that we originate would qualify based on Census Tract Data. And obviously, with our direct marketing sales team in particular, it would be possible for us to seek additional business in those geographic areas. On the American made components, the opportunity, obviously, will depend on the percent requirements that are promulgated. But again, we think there’s probably a good opportunity there. And then on the energy communities, there’s a significant opportunity there, for instance, I suspect, like most of Houston would qualify based on the workforce. So there we have got additional work to do there. So I think we feel like there’s a significant opportunity even on the run rate business and we have a lot of flexibility in targeting to achieve higher sort of attachment rates of those adders. And then, obviously, I should mention, again, that those adders are only available under the Section 48 Tax Credit, which is the one available to lessors.

Yes. Indeed. Excellent. Thank you, guys.

Our next question is from Andrew Percoco with Morgan Stanley. Please proceed with your question.

So just my first question is just more on the cost side, totally understand you have pricing power to offset from the near-term pricing headwinds. But just curious, if you have any thoughts on when you might start seeing the actual creation costs start to drift down more towards that 5% decline per annum that we saw historically?

Yeah. Yeah. So, yeah, we have talked a lot about some of the cost pressures. I think we -- as Mary mentioned, one of the positives on that dimension over the quarter was, we were able to achieve the sequential growth, with our headcount virtually unchanged or not materially up as we described it. And it’s speaking to the improving efficiency of the business, there are equipment, cost pressures, there are other kinds of pressures around us and we continue to kind of work through those things, by delivering greater efficiency through the business as we continue to scale up the up the volumes. In addition, driving towards higher margin product via battery attach, right, like we commented about battery attach that that is a product that kind of has momentarily had dip in or a lack of further increase in the attachment rate, which we think is going to resume as that supply eases and certainly the consumer demand is there. So, like, margin expansion opportunities, coupled with just grinding out day-by-day further efficiency in the business to compensate the inflation pressures we know all around us.

Got it. Super helpful. And there is one more on the funding strategy for me, ABS has been a big component of your funding strategy in the past. And I think, Ed, last call, you alluded to the fact that there was a noticeable difference between the credit spreads and the ABS markets and what you are seeing it from some depository capital. Just curious maybe where your cost of capital is today and how that funding strategy might change, if at all going forward?

Yeah. Yeah. So, it’s quite habitual for us to be looking at the broad access to the capital markets we have and continuing to evaluate those cost of capital difference we see between markets. And I think we have played that quite favorably over different cycles and periods of time. And then we are certainly in one of those where -- we think there is a cost of capital difference between the markets. We also understand that that cost of capital difference can often be fleeting and we are strategically designed as in our approach to the capital markets to be able to access both and pivot back and forth quickly as needed. So today we have said and continue to believe that the commercial bank market is a little bit ahead or more favorable than the ABS market on a pricing basis. That pricing difference is relatively narrow, but it exists and we continue to look at that. And to your question about cost of capital, we continue to see cost of capital, which is the blended cost of capital, with our senior and subordinated debt all in run in that 5% to 6% range. It has varied through the quarter, as we have seen, credit spreads move around a little bit. We have seen base rates move around a little bit more, but I think, as we mentioned in the opening remarks, have tapered off recently to a much more favorable spot. So cost of capital, recently trending positive, still up from late last year. And as we have discussed, we have taken a lot of action to kind of work through that and those dynamics broadly.

Great. Thanks so much. I will leave it there.

Thank you.

Our next question is from Brian Lee with Goldman Sachs. Please proceed with your question.

Hey, everyone. Thanks for taking the questions. I had two kind of related in the model. First, on the growth guidance, you are implying 3% sequential growth for 3Q and then maybe mid-to-high single digits growth in 4Q to hit the full year target. That’s a little bit slower than what you just saw in 2Q, which was robust and above the high end of the guide. So this question would be, was there any sort of pull-forward ahead of your pricing increases or maybe you can just talk us through the cadence of growth you are seeing in bookings activity versus prior quarters right now? And then if there’s been any notable shifts in customer trends you are seeing between the different offerings, PPAs, leases, loans, et cetera? And then I had a follow up.

Yeah. Thank you for the question. So on sequential growth and volumes, I think, we have had, as we have discussed previously, major increase in new customer orders at the beginning part of the year, late last year, heading into this year. On the last call, we guided to a backlog or a pipeline encroaching on nearly two quarters, as the sequential growth in the business is picked up, that has reduced to closer to one quarter. And as we look at the next couple of quarters and even the next few quarters, that has also, obviously, there are some challenges on the cost side, we have talked about with a growing pipeline, but the ability to bring it in and continue to work that down on a measured pace, I think, is valuable to the to the business, that is a deliberate focus. As we see some of these uncertainties and the macro picture, growing the physical footprint of the business in a measured deliberate pace has been has been a focus and the guidance we provide, we are comfortable with. As far as the product mix, the lease versus loan, we have seen a little bit of a shift, we have seen a relative pickup of the lease product where last quarter that was 72% and this quarter that increased to 74%.

Okay. That’s awesome. And then on net subscriber value expansion, kudos on hitting the targets here and reiterating the second half. Just wondering, can you sort of bridge the $2,000 plus step up from 2Q, how much of that is pricing reading out versus other drivers like mix and so forth? And then, as we think about the model longer term here, what’s the normalized target for net subscriber value? I know you had talked about kind of reaching 10,000 to $12,000 per customer in the past. Obviously, you are kind of already there. So, wondering if there’s an update to that and what some of the step up drivers from here would be, if you can quantify? Thank you.

Yeah. Thank you. We have still room to run on the realization of the pricing increases, so those are late March, early April, coupling that with the backlog, which we said, again, encroaching upon two quarters, means, one -- about one quarter has passed and we have got a little bit more room to run here for those pricing actions to kind of take hold through the metric. So it’s a partial realization of those through the through the quarter and that’s also what’s causing us to form the guidance to greater than 10,000 for the balance of the year. As we continue to deliver scale, we get some operating cost leverage as well, which we will see on the cost side and the back half of the year. And we continue to see margin improvement, within our creation cost, we have platform services margin. We expect some margin improvement there as well through the balance of the year, while contributing to that positive direction in the metric.

Great. Fair enough. I will pass it on. Thanks, guys.

Our next question is from James West with Evercore. Please proceed with your question.

Hey. Good afternoon, guys.

Hey.

Good afternoon.

So, Mary, you have had some back and forth with notable short seller here recently or at least there’s been some agitations made against Sunrun in some of the accounting. And of course, there was a response from you and another response from them. I am curious if you wanted to comment or take this opportunity with the microphones you have right now on your conference call to respond to them?

Sure. Yeah. Actually, James, I -- from a high level, I think, as you know, we went to lengths to sort of go sort of point-by-point and…

Right.

… just make sure that that folks were so clear that from our perspective, muddy waters is -- has it wrong. I thought, actually, it would be great for Danny as CFO, given his tenure with the company. I would just -- I would actually love to have you, Danny, share your thoughts and sort of how we look at it. We certainly welcome any and all dialog as we always have as a company. So, yeah, Danny, I thought it would be great if you could hit.

Yeah. I just lay around those internally prepared remarks that we posted on our website. We are kind of at our fingertips, if you will, given the long history here.

Sure.

Delivering just very high quality and reputation from a due diligence standpoint over the course of 15 years, my 12 years here, with probably close to about $20 billion raised, much of which was under private situations, private deals, where investors really have the opportunity to come in, even some for like, spanning multiple days to have asked us these questions and we have answered them some over a decade ago. So, we felt quite good about the response. I don’t think we planned to elaborate further here on those point-by-point responses. I think that record speaks for itself on our website. But, again, it’s a culture of awesome reputation with our investors, that comes from the transparency and humility with which we have treated a lot of the due diligence we have had to go through to raise all the capital we have raised. And I think, as far as, like, anybody you could reach in the market to ask them about our reputation in those situations, I think, they would speak very highly, they have certainly said those things to us and we definitely appreciate that level of rigor we already get from a lot of these private investors, where we do have to kind of open up the hood a bit and get -- really get into these very specific issues, which we have done so many times, which is why, again, you saw a pretty robust response, go on our website, that the team kind of very quickly prepared here and I think that that’s kind of basically it on the on the matter. And we are excited about all of the execution. There’s a dynamic macro environment. But we are excited about the execution of this team.

Sure.

And we are excited about the trajectory of the business.

Okay. Fair enough. I will leave it there. Thanks, Danny.

Our next question is from Maheep Mandloi with Credit Suisse. Please proceed with your question.

Hey. Good evening. Thanks for taking the questions. First, just on the growth over here in terms of targeting kind of 275 plus megawatts in Q4, could you kind of talk about the sensitivity to that growth from California the entry point to proceedings over there?

Yeah. That not -- I mean there is a question on the timing. So there is some timing uncertainty there. At the moment, the base assumption is, any impact given it’s unknown, the impact of any action would deliver kind of more into next year. And we obviously have to see what comes out of it, measure those impacts and more clearly guide to them. But at the moment, we don’t believe there is a high impact to the volumes that we have guided to in Q3 and what’s implied for Q4 with the annual guidance.

Got you. And just two more from me, one on the IRA, does the tax credit transferability. Does that help with tax equity and for the EV chargers, who’s the OEM supply or is it related to the SK JV? Thanks.

Sure. So this is Ed. So, a couple of questions. So, first, again, on the potential for tax credit transfer in the current IRA draft. That is something again where Treasury will have to promulgate rules and I don’t want to speak in advance of those rules. I think my high-level suspicion is that sort of traditional tax equity capital will continue to be cheaper, but that will certainly expand the market and be helpful, and potentially for more off-the-run products or something like that. So we continue to monitor that and chat more about it, but I think that the traditional structure, which monetizes depreciation as well ought to give a better financial outcome most likely. As to the EV charger, that is a product that we are sourcing separately, although we are not manufacturing it ourselves. It continues to be that we expect to be or I should say that the SK with JV will be talking more about itself sometime during the calendar year.

Got you. Thanks for taking the questions.

Our next question is from Mark Strouse with JPMorgan. Please proceed with your question.

Yeah. Good afternoon. Thank you very much for taking my questions. I just had one kind of two-part question on inventory. Going back to the comments about USLPA creating some kind of delays in the market, is that having a tangible impact on your ability to meet demand here in 3Q or are you kind of leaning into your inventory during this period? And then kind of the second part of that question is, assuming the USLPA kind of gets cleared up over the next quarter or two, kind of what your strategy on inventory would be if that becomes kind of a working capital tailwind? Thank you.

Yeah. Hey, Mark. Thanks for calling in. I don’t know if you were done with the question. I didn’t want to talk over you. Yeah. So great questions. On the inventory balance itself, given those dynamics with USLPA. We -- if you look at our financials, you will still see inventory balance up for the year, if you kind of compare June 30th to 12/31. You will also notice that it’s slightly down about $9 million quarter-over-quarter. So we did dip into the inventory a little bit through the period. We are still overall up. Obviously, some of that is being driven by increased volume in the business. Some of it is being driven by keeping that days of supply high. We did guide last time that we were carrying a balance of days in excess of 100. Now with both the volumes increasing and some of our product getting detained that has dipped below 100 days, but I think we have planned around it in a way where I think we feel comfortable for the balance of the year, although it remains a risk, we feel comfortable given all the procurement activity that we have done very tightly around the situation.

Okay. Thank you, Danny.

Our next question is from Philip Shen with ROTH Capital. Please proceed with your question.

Hi, everybody. Thanks for taking my questions. As a follow-up on the USLPA situation. Mary, I think you referenced some of the CVP challenges. Can you provide some additional color on how the USLPA may have impacted your business? How much redesigning did you guys actually have to do was one of the module vendors that you had contracted with possibly impacted? Thanks.

Yeah. So at a high level, I mean, again, we are crushing it on the fundamentals. So and as we reported, like, yeah, we had some flexing we have to do in the organization, and again, we have -- we work with a number of suppliers. So make no mistake, there’s always some flexing we have had to do in the business. So it’s just highlighting that risk and that that’s where it shows up is in the context of the friction it causes in the business and the amount of redesigning that you might have to do for customers if you are finding that you have one set of vendor panels versus another. The good news is we are in an enviable position. We work with really good vendors. We have had long-standing relationships. We have been a leader in having standards for who we operate with, making sure that they meet all of the requirements. So it’s really been around just working very directly, most recently with Customs and Border Patrol to make sure they are aware of that to really put the pressure on ensuring that we get product released as quickly as possible that’s sitting at the port. But we -- as Danny said, we are still sitting on a good amount of supply. We have great vendor relationships. We have been a leader in making sure that folks meet requirements. And so really, ultimately, I see it largely as just being something we have really got to keep our eye on and keep pushing on in this quarter.

Great. Thanks Mary. As a follow-up to net subscriber value, I wanted to see if we could hit the potential view on 2023, again, specifically, would you expect the net subscriber value to be flat in 2023 as we get through the year, maybe potential for even more expansion?

Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. So far we haven’t guided to 2023. I think in the remarks, we noted some of the swinging variables around net subscriber value, total value generated and those come into play more so in 2023 than they do for the balance of the year. That includes impacts from what happens in California, the ITC stepping up to 30%, the interest rate environment. So with enough of those uncertainties and I think our focus on closing out the year strong and having those pricing increases stick. I think we have kind of stayed away at the moment from getting deep into 2023 on the guidance.

Okay. Fair enough. Thanks very much.

Our next question is from David Peters with Wolfe Research. Please proceed with your question.

Hey. Good afternoon, everybody. Just curious with respect to the IRA, I think, in the past, you said the industry could grow anywhere from 10% to 15% annually over the next several years and you made the comment in the release about, I think, the incentives turbocharging your growth. Do you have any sense in magnitude at this point or just any thoughts about how much bigger the TAM would get from day one just in new markets that you could enter where it wasn’t quite economic enough before? Thanks.

So -- hey. This is Ed. So I mean the -- assuming if the IRA were to pass, which we expect it will, I think TAM could increase from quite a few areas, right? There’s obviously the base increase in the tax credit. There are also tax credits now available for things or there would be like main panel electric upgrades, which also will make storage more affordable for more people. There are the adders that we discussed earlier on the call, particularly for lower income Americans but also for other situations and then also, it’s also very -- it’s a long-term extension of the credit which is also helpful. So with those elements, obviously, against the backdrop of just rapidly escalating commodity and electricity prices, we think that the opportunity for robustly quicker growth is significant. We obviously have -- we haven’t quantified that yet, and obviously, our -- we want to build a path and the regulations they make…

Yeah. Yeah.

… but it’s obviously…

Right.

… where it would see…

Yeah. But…

… nice acceleration?

Yeah. And Ed, thank you so much. And just to put a point on that. So, again, I mean, we are sitting at a place of like really strong growth, surging customer demand, right? And then with a potential passage of a bill that is going to encourage more Americans to move faster towards electrification, which means more Americans are going to also want to move faster, not just to the other kinds of electrification products we can help them with, but with the ability to generate their own energy that is way more affordable, reliable and energy independence. So we really believe, as I said, that we are on the precipice of really some monumental and impactful climate legislation that, again, is going to be felt not just in like the TAM, not just in sort of these very practical ways, but seismic ways in terms of the drive towards electrification and the surging demand, that’s going to turbocharge around the need for solar energy.

Great. No. I appreciate those thoughts. Just one other one, just back to the net subscriber value, I guess you guys are kind of guiding to exit year around that $10,000 level. But just how quick can we see that step-up just from the higher ITC alone, again, assuming the bill passes just understanding the value of tax equity would be marked up in that calculation, right, would it flow through pretty fast or just how should we think about that?

Yeah. Yeah. It depends on, obviously, the legislation in its current form. It is dated to January 1st. So there would be an immediate flow on future installations and then there would be some additional value pickup on the systems you have already placed in service for the year. And that would show up as an impact through our investment funds, as well as we kind of calculate the tax equity returns with the 26 versus the 30, I think, it will factor in there and have some positive financing and working capital benefits as well. But should be pretty immediate, and apply to systems across the year -- this year.

Great. Thank you. Appreciate it.

Our next question is from Colin Rusch with Oppenheimer. Please proceed with your question.

Thank so much. I am just curious about a couple of elements on the cycle time. So can you talk a little bit about changes in the sales cycle and then also in terms of recruiting and training new installation staff?

Yeah.

Yeah. Can you -- what specifically was the question on the sales cycle.

Yeah.

If you can elaborate on that first one?

Yeah. the -- just the directionality of it, are you able to shorten it here with some of the elements that you have been working on with permitting are customers getting to a point where they are educated enough where they make faster decisions than you are able to get out and install these systems quicker, just…

Yeah. 100%...

…short?

Got you. Yeah. So in that context, again, I was really pleased with the progress we made in this last quarter with really tightening on the cycle time. Candidly, it’s not so much in the sales process. It’s actually, again, with a lot of the coded related challenges over the last couple of years, it was more -- the cycle time we really focused on was shortening the time from customer signature to installation and that’s where we have, again, made some -- in this last quarter, we made some real nice headway. But, yeah, we are seeing, as again, as I have talked about before, that we have -- in my view, we have really already hit this consumer tipping point where, again, solar is really becoming a way more mainstream to be thinking about and talking about. So in the context of the work that our sales teams are doing, it has been really fundamentally dealing with really incredible customer demand, and that part of the process is moving very slow. So in the context of also, I think, you mentioned training. Again, as you would expect, we definitely have robust training that we have new employees go through. But one of the things I have also been really impressed with from a labor perspective at Sunrun is, we just -- we continue to remain a highly attractive employer. So, we also just seem to have a relatively straightforward time in the context of recruiting and bringing on a lot of new enthusiastic Sunrunners where and when we need them. So we are in a really good position from labor, from the productivity metrics that we are seeing and what we are driving towards in terms of the installation cycle.

Fantastic. And then the second question is, the conversion rate of the referrals you are getting from Ford. You need to speak to how many or what percentage of those referrals are actually turning into sales for you guys?

Well, it’s -- again, it’s -- we are early in the process. I think, as I described, when I opened, we are talking to literally thousands of customers. And what I also described is, I think right now, again, it’s super early, but we are like 10% of the currently scheduled customers for the bidirectional charging are -- have also decided they want to go solar at the same time, which is super powerful. And not surprising to us because there is such an incredible correlation between those -- between electric vehicle drivers and those who want to go solar. So we are expecting to see great continued uptake.

Perfect. Thanks a lot guys.

Our next question is from Kashy Harrison with Piper Sandler. Please proceed with your question.

Hi. Good afternoon, everyone. And thank you for taking the question. So I noticed that you disclosed the value generation target of greater than $900 million. I think there were some also you mentioned to it in the prepared remarks, and you indicated that is way up relative to 2021. However, corporate cash net of recourse debt is down about $250 million net of the investment from Q1. And so just wondering if you could help us think through the corporate cash trajectory as you look into the second half of the year? And I have a follow-up.

Yeah. Yeah. The corporate cash dynamic for the -- I think we might have talked on the -- I forgot exactly what we said on the last call, but I think the enormous growth over the first half of the year, was such that it was cash consuming on the working capital side as we have increased sequentially by large numbers quarter-over-quarter, getting that installation footprint increased and catching up to the demand. We have also mentioned the increase -- the increasing inventory balances we have had to carry over the supply chain situations. So there’s been general working capital consumption through the year. And I think quarter-over-quarter, the movement was less significant.

And this is Ed. I think the one other thing we did mention on the prior call would continue to be the case is that from a cash flow performance, the systems that we originated prior to the quick run-up in interest rates, that we have now placed in service during the period of higher interest rates don’t meet our kind of long-term desires for cash generation. But as we now transition back to the projects to installing the projects that we originated after we increased pricing, that is very helpful to the cash trajectory as well.

That’s helpful context. And then as my follow-up, as you contemplate strategies to maximize customer economics, not just in the second half of the year, but it’s really long term. I was wondering if you can maybe talk a little bit about customer acquisition costs because that is something that you have the ability to control unlike NEM and ITC, et cetera, looking at where customer acquisition costs are now relative to prior to the Vivint deal. Those numbers are up a bunch. And so just wondering, is that somewhere where with a downturn coming on the economy, you can maybe bring those down and rapidly improve customer economics, rapidly improve levered cash generation for 2023?

Yeah. Yeah. So definitely, the dynamics in the economy, particularly as the economy softens, I think that could generally be a tailwind to the business on the cost side. And I think that would apply whether you are talking about equipment, you are talking about input labor on the install side or you are talking about labor on the sales side, that could certainly be a factor that would be beneficial over time. We have also seen just the record demand for the product. I think the benefits as we see those tailwinds just from just consumer awareness, adoption, their wallets being pinched with rising utility rates and everything else, I think that those are generally favorable dynamics to customer acquisition costs. We did see the sales and marketing in our creation cost metric go up quarter-over-quarter, and that is reflecting because of the way we realize that upon the install to the dynamic Ed mentioned earlier. You are also seeing in our metric some of the sales and marketing costs get realized upon install from systems we originated in Q1 prior to those pricing changes, which should have a beneficial impact over the next period or 2.

Yeah. And I would just add to that. Yeah, from a big picture perspective, back to your fundamental question, we are 100% focused in like as we are getting faster, better, stronger in driving down the cost stack like in every area, right? And at the same time, really, again, dramatically driving up customer experience. So we are doing a lot of things around simplifying process and other activities that should continue to improve the overall profile.

Thank you.

Our next question is from Sophie Karp with KeyBanc. Please proceed with your question.

Hi. Good afternoon and thank you for taking the questions. It’s been a long discussion. I have got a few questions for you guys. Okay. So first, I was curious, looking at the net subscriber -- net earning assets rather, value, right? And how the trajectory of that metric has tracked in the last, call it, 12 months, has been growing in low single digit, especially if you look at it on a per share basis and it’s a pretty much towards flat, right? So do you expect to target that growth in that metric as one of your core targets at some point? Or would you just prefer to focus on, I guess, customer value I guess what I am trying to say is like how should we think about increasing customer value translating into ultimate increase in the net earning assets? And is this the right way of looking at the economics of the business?

Yeah. Thanks for the question. Yeah, again, going back to one of my responses to the prior questions, in the last couple of quarters. And again, echoing what Ed mentioned, there was that period of time where we had that major increase in volumes that major increase in interest rates, where we did write a lot of business that had impacts to their ultimate unit economics from the financing environment as well as the working capital environment, which we are still kind of working through as we raise up to the higher volume level over the course of the year. So you also see the related impacts through the metric. The metric is also burdened by the SK investment we have also talked about.

So eventually, we should see that metric to kind of recover to more about level of growth…

Yeah. So the -- yeah, we have seen a modest pickup between Q1 and Q2. So in the most recent period, there has been a resumption of growth in the metric.

Yeah. Okay. And then I have a follow-up. So we talked about utility rate inflation and such, right, and real mode energy costs up. Here’s my question. So the most recent spike in the utility rates that we have seen is, to a large degree, driven by the spike in energy and fuel prices, right? Let’s say, if we -- the economy softens, and the energy prices moderate, so the we will presumably see a corresponding decline or moderation at least in the issue of growth rate. Is there any risk that some of your most recently underwritten customers could actually see negative sales versus the utility rate if that happens?

Sorry, could you repeat the last part of your question?

If the [inaudible] rates come down because energy prices, let’s say, crush in the softening economy, is it possible that some of your most recent customers would see negative savings or no savings or maybe paying even more with the solar installation versus the utility rate because they were underwritten in a high energy cost environment.

Yeah. Sophie, it’s Mary. Yeah. No. I think that’s my short answer. Again, as a former utility executive for 20 years. Fundamentally -- the fundamental cost drivers of what you are seeing from a utility rate perspective, like, yeah, you are right, fuel costs were a big part of the driver of a lot of the recent uptake, but what you are also seeing is fundamentally just really billions of dollars of rate base investment that needs to make its way through the process of being absorbed in rates. You also are seeing in, like, as I think about different major markets we are in like California, you are seeing the effects of climate change and fires and droughts creating, again, unprecedented levels of utility spending both from a distribution and a transmission perspective. You are also seeing much higher labor costs. You are seeing so many fundamentals that are -- that really take years like even if some of those fundamentals change, which I am having a hard time seeing what would be driving that change in the short term. You are literally talking about like things that take sort of a decade to work their way through the system. So even if you had other countervailing positive trends, it would just take an incredibly long time that to feed through. I mean where you see the -- where you see fuel prices affect utility rates positively and negatively more quickly is just in power adjusters, right? So in certain parts of the country or in certain states or regions where there’s the pass-throughs, right? Then you are going to see those really huge upticks that may be purported as being temporary, but the reality is they shake customers to their core in the context of price stability. So again, that’s a big part of what our customers want. It isn’t honestly, just the savings as much as it is about the stability. It’s about really knowing what the cost is going to be of this really important essential service and knowing what that’s going to be for a given period of time. So I think there’s a lot of dynamics. I know, Ed, I don’t know if you want to add something to that?

Yeah. There are a few things I wanted to add. So in the background, as Mary mentioned, there is this CapEx extravaganza. Utilities nationwide are incurring 2.5x as much CapEx as depreciation. This is why, for instance, in Arizona, over the late decade even before the recent rise in energy costs, wholesale power costs fell in half while retail power costs doubled. In addition, retail power costs kind of go up with made of like efficiency because even if there is a savings on the fuel side, usually someone finds a CapEx experiment to plug the hole. That said, a lot of the operating cost increases that utilities have already experienced. They have not yet been able to pass through because they get approved in rate cases. So increases in operating costs, increases in capital costs and long term and increases in long-term fuel procurement, you haven’t seen actually in rate increases. What you have only really seen in the last 6 months is the impact from the small portion of energy that utilities kind of buy on the spot market. And so there is this giant animal that the snake still has to digest in terms of price increases. And then you have also got happening in the background, this huge CapEx increase. So I think that the best increase -- the best projections for retail rate increases are that they will continue to be double digit or close to double digit for years, even if you saw wholesale prices moderate or decline selling.

And it’s one of the many reasons why we have talked a lot, and this company has done so much work on radical collaboration around really having our assets become a valuable part of how we operate the grid going forward. Because fundamentally, the work we do and the work we are doing around, particularly like with Ford with the bidirectional charger with solar with storage, we are, in essence, creating an opportunity for utilities to have access to smart controllable load. So as we electrify more of devices and transportation around the country, we could play a really, really critical role in helping utilities and grid operators operate the grid much more cost effectively.

And Operator, I think we are going to try to squeeze in two more quick questions if we can and maybe we have folks just do one question and I think we are out of time.

Our next question comes from David Niewood with Curator Fund. Please proceed with your question.

Hi guys. Thanks for taking my question. Very quick question. The value proposition to customers has expanded rapidly from just being solar to being solar plus storage plus backup power plus EV and bidirectional and I guess, a whole home energy storage energy service application. You have a very large installed customer base -- have you given thought or how should we think about the potential to upsell existing customers on the expanded offering? And what would that mean for customer acquisition costs and something akin to a refinancing or renewing of a contract that captures renewal value that was somewhat amorphous previously. I hope that question is clear.

Yeah. Thank you. It’s a great question and actually one we are very focused on because, again, you are right. We are really well positioned. We are already for many customers acting as their clean energy company that can help them with the transformation of their electric vehicle as well. And 100%, I mean, we have actually already seen that in some cases, right, where a customer already needs to make their system larger. We definitely see increased opportunity around system sizes. We absolutely see opportunity to bring two existing customers, new products and technologies that we are bringing to the market. So again, we see not just rapid growth in the number of customers that we serve, but also the opportunity to continue to deepen and enrich our relationship with our existing customers. And it’s also interesting to think about the fact that a lot of customers stay in their home, what, on average, 7 years. So in many cases, we are already seeing cases where we have picked up a new customer because they bought the home of an existing customer then becomes a new customer again with their new homes. So it’s really the expansion opportunities of the relationship in our endless. They are limitless in our minds. And again, that’s why I talk a lot about customer obsession and being that beloved, trusted partner for customers all across America in helping them get to that more affordable, clean, independent smarter energy future.

And one thing I would add to that, we have tested the interest, particularly in retrofit storage is enormous. We -- while we support that for our customers, we haven’t marketed it yet given some of the constraints in battery supply. But as those constraints relieve, we would expect to market that, and think there’s a really enormous opportunity there.

100%.

Our final question comes from Joseph Osha with Guggenheim. Please proceed with your question.

Hi. This is actually Hilary [ph] on for Joe. And thanks for squeezing me in here at the end. I just wanted to touch real quickly on storage. And if you could just give us a better sense for where kind of attach rates are and particularly as you work through bringing down those install cycle times, kind of what has to happen and how quickly we might see that stronger adoption rate.

Yeah. Thanks for the question. Yeah, so if we look at the demand for storage, I think it far outpaces the supply that we have of batteries. So the -- if we look at the volume growth rate in our storage customers. That has been robust, like far outpacing the overall growth in the business. I think if we look at the attach rate, I don’t have the number -- the exact number in front of me, it’s somewhere in the teens. But also our volumes have been increasing for overall installations at a pretty robust pace relative to the amount of battery supply available. So that’s been putting downward pressure on the attach rate, but the physical units and the number of customers have been growing at a pretty robust pace.

Yeah. As we said, we have 42,000 customers with storage and again, one of the largest providers. I think actually the largest provider in the country. No doubt in my mind that, again, there are so many customers that want to go with storage, as Ed highlighted already, there’s just incredible opportunity to go back to customers, existing customers with storage capabilities as we, again, see the tightening that’s happened in the market sort of loosen up and free up. So tremendous upside opportunity for us.

This concludes today’s Q&A session and also this concludes our conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time and we thank you for your participation.