Good morning, good afternoon and good evening to everyone. Thank you for joining us to review Sanofi's Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2023 Results, followed by a Q&A session. As usual, you can find the slides to this call on the Investors page of our website at sanofi.com. Moving to Slide 3, I would like to remind you that information presented in this call contains forward-looking statements that involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially. I refer you to our Form 20-F document on file with the SEC and also our Document d’Enregistrement Universel for a description of these risk factors. With that, please advance to Slide 4. Our speakers on the call today are Paul Hudson, Chief Executive Officer; Houman Ashrafian, Global Head of R&D; Jean-Baptiste de Chatillon, Chief Financial Officer; and the Global Business Unit Heads, Brian Ford, Thomas Triomphe, Olivier Charmeil, and Julie van Ongevalle. For the Q&A, you have two options to participate. Option one, click the Raise Hand icon at the bottom of your screen or option two, submit your question by clicking the Q&A icon at the bottom of the screen. And with that, I'd like to turn the call over to Paul.

Well, thank you, Eva. And thanks, everyone, for joining our call today. Before we discuss the Q4 highlights, I'm going to start by updating you on another announcement we made this morning. Francois-Xavier Roger will join Sanofi taking over the role of CFO effective April the 1st, 2024. I'm very pleased to welcome him at Sanofi. He is an accomplished and widely recognized finance executive with a proven track record in accelerated value creation. In fact, some of you may have met him already before either in his role at Nestle or in the past at Takeda. He'll take over a finance organization that has been significantly modernized under JB's leadership over the past five years. JB has been instrumental for the successful execution of the first chapter of our Play-to-Win strategy and creating the growth opportunities ahead of us. With JB at the helm of our finance team, we have consistently delivered healthy top-line growth over the last few years, a significant BOI margin improvement and EUR2.7 billion of cost efficiencies that were all reinvested behind our growth drivers and pipeline. He also worked closely with Olivier and Julie on the simplification of GenMed and the standalone of our consumer health business, two critical projects that have delivered significant value for the company and shareholders. Many of you may not be aware about JB's long-standing personal commitment to charity work. He decided to devote the next stage of his career by leading a renowned French-based foundation and I'm 100% certain of the positive impact JB will continue to have on people's lives. I would like to take the opportunity here to warmly thank him for his dedication and leadership. He's been a great partner to me and dare I say it, a friend, and to the rest of the…

Thank you, Paul. As we discussed with you in December at our R&D Day, Sanofi has delivered an unprecedented cadence of positive news and important data readouts last year across major projects with blockbuster potential. By increasing our investments in R&D, we intend to fully capitalize on growth opportunities ahead of us by prioritizing pipeline assets with meaningful growth potential and extending the opportunity to successfully launch medicines. This year, we look forward to several important regulatory milestones and readouts from our pipeline. As already mentioned by Paul, we expect regulatory milestones for Dupixent and COPD and pivotal readouts to tolebrutinib and relapsing MS and secondary progressive MS as well as rilzabrutinib in ITP. For amlitelimab and rilzabrutinib, we're excited to learn the outcome of important Phase 2 results in asthma later this year. Separately, we're preparing to submit the recent positive Phase 2 results of Sarclisa in first line transplant ineligible myeloma patients for FDA approval and expect the pivotal data for subcutaneous administration before year end, which would bring additional upside for Sanofi in this large market seeking convenient treatment options. As you will recall from R&D Day, we highlighted our ambition to increase the number of Phase 3 projects by 50% across immunology, neurology and vaccines over the next two years. A significant number of these pivotal trials have already started to dose their first patients, including the first amlitelimab Phase 3 trial in AD And Phase 3 trials of frexalimab in both relapsing MS and secondary progressive MS. We are progressing well and are evolving at the right pace as we expect to have more than 35 projects in Phase 3 by 2025. Turning to Phase 2. We are fortunate to have and initiate a significant number of projects presented at the R&D Day. One example…

Thank you so much, Houman. Now taking a closer look at Specialty Care, we once again delivered double digit growth in the quarter supported by outstanding performance of Dupixent. As Paul mentioned earlier, strong demand for this exceptional medicine across all approved indications and geographies continues to be a core driver of Specialty Care. Our rare disease business was another important contributor in the quarter. Strong growth across Pompe, Gaucher and Fabry products highlights our unique expertise in identifying patients and our ability to drive demand through new patient approvals. The rollout of Nexvizyme as a new standard of care in Pompe and Zempizyme in ASMD continue to be successful in global markets. In rare blood disease, we're very pleased with the continued strong uptake of ALTUVIIIO, another exciting launch in Specialty Care. And I'm going to update you a little bit on the insights of the brand's recent performance in just a minute. Now we believe the continued double digit growth in Specialty Care is particularly impressive against the backdrop of generic competition for Aubagio, Sanofi's last meaningful LOE for the rest of the decade. Generic versions of Aubagio have now entered all key markets, including Europe in September. With almost EUR1 billion in sales in 2023, we continue to navigate the impact of generic erosion into 2024, including a particularly high base comparison for Aubagio in the first quarter. Now moving to my next slide, Dupixent sales reached almost EUR3 billion in the fourth quarter alone. As highlighted on the slide, full year sales were up 34%, driven by continuous robust growth in both US And ex US geographies. Almost seven years into the initial US launch in atopic dermatitis, we have achieved and maintained leadership positions in NBRx's across all five approved indications and we are confident…

Thank you, Brian. Growing 21% year-on-year, our Q4 vaccine sales reached EUR2 billion, driven by the strong uptake of Beyfortus, an impressive launch I will further elaborate on in my next slide. In Flu, Sanofi continues to be the market leader, driven by our differentiated product portfolio, which represent the majority of our total flu sales. In line with Q3 earnings call comments, approximately 30% of our H2 2023 flu sales were reported in the fourth quarter, generating 4% sales reduction year-on-year, as we saw lower [premiumization] (ph) rate this season and an increased level of competition in the US market. Finally, we are very pleased by the Q4 performance of our [PPH] (ph) franchise, which benefited from a favorable public order pattern in the US despite Vaxelis sales not being recorded in our net sales. In Q4 2023, Vaxelis has become the US pediatric primary service leader and continues to gain share over the pentavalent vaccine. The next slide is focused on our RSV franchise. Starting with the left. You can see that the launch of Beyfortus in the US set a new record in terms of routine pediatric immunization uptake when compared to similar pediatric vaccine launches, such as Rotavirus and Meningococcal conjugate vaccines. With an average adoption rate of 38% in only six months after launch, Beyfortus performance illustrates the successful implementation of its first broad infant recommendation in the US, in France and in Spain. We're very encouraged by the strong real world clinical data generated in Spain, and we now look forward to rolling out Beyfortus more broadly in 2024. But beyond the infant segment, the respiratory syncytial virus is also a significant burden for toddlers and older adults. We are developing vaccines specifically targeted to these two groups, and I'm glad to report that our vaccine candidates are making good progress. For toddlers, our live [indiscernible] candidate received EU PRIME designation in December, Following US Fast Track Designation in 2023. These designations do recognize the potential of our vaccine candidate to address a significant unmet medical need. As communicated at our Vaccines Day, Phase 3 will start this quarter. For older adults, we initiated last November the Phase 1/2 clinical trial of our mRNA, RSV and hMPV vaccine. As highlighted then, we believe that our combo vaccine has a real potential to be first in class, and that its medical value compared to RSV standalone vaccines, will provide a more compelling case to recommending bodies. The value of this combo is already recognized by the US FDA, which granted it the Fast Track Designation in October 2023. If Phase 1/2 results are positive, the Phase 3 trial is planned to start by the end of this year. Overall, I'm thrilled by the phenomenal progress our RSV team has made in the last six months, building foundations for Sanofi to become the leader in the RSV franchise. Let me now hand over the call to Olivier.

Thank you, Thomas. General Medicine sales in the four quarter showed a slight decrease of 2.4% to EUR3 billion. Our core assets grew by 6.3%, driven by Plavix, Toujeo, Rezurock and Praluent, which was partially offset by lower sales of Mozobil due to generic competition, which started in the US in July 2023. Sales of Rezurock in the US continued to grow strongly, driven by increasing patient numbers as well as improved adherence rates. Toujeo Q4 sales delivered double digit growth driven by China. This largely offset lower sales in the US due to a lower average net price. Sales of non-core assets decreased mainly driven by lower Lantus sales in the US which continued to be affected by a negative channel mix as well as lower inventory and trade-in anticipation of the [2024 list high figures] (ph). For the full year 2023, GenMed sales decreased by 7.1% due to the exceptional impact from the US launches decline along with the VBP impact on Lantus sales in China. As mentioned, Tzield continued its gradual uptake in Type 1 diabetes. In November, we launched a well-received national screening campaign in the US to increase awareness and encourage screening for at-risk individuals. As a result, screening grew 31% driven by endocrinologists in 2023 and 168 patients were infused by the end of the year. The number of patients infused grew by 25% in Q4 versus Q3 despite the year-end holiday season. The full results of the product studies with newly diagnosed Stage 3 Type 1 diabetes patients We have shared that the ISPAD Congress and interaction with FDA and EMA are ongoing. With this, I'm handing over to Julie.

Thank you, Olivier. Firstly, I'd like to start with an update on the separation of the CHC business, which as previously announced, could happen in Q4 this year at the earliest. We're making solid progress on our journey to full business autonomy and continue to enhance our own internal talent pool with selective hires in key areas. The service agreements are being put in place and we are establishing our digital infrastructure so that we can hit the ground running on day one. Regarding performance, Q4 marks our 11th consecutive quarter of growth with sales up 8.5%, driven primarily by price. Excluding divestment and acquisitions, Q4 growth was around 5%. The Qunol acquisition closed at the end of September drove growth over 50% in our physical and mental wellness category. As you may recall, Qunol products focus on healthy aging in the US. I'm very glad that the Qunol is now part of our CHC business, giving us a fast growing platform with which to compete in the important US VMS market. Last quarter, I introduced you to the 15 priority brands, which represent over 60% of our total net sales and over 85% of our growth in the past three years. In Q4 and in full year 2023, these brands were once again our major growth drivers, which resulted in a 6.3% growth for the full year with good growth across all categories. Our largest category, digestive wellness, continues to perform strongly with double digit growth and market share gains. And I would like to give you some more background on one of these brands, in this category, Dulcolax. Dulcolax is the world's number one non-prescriptive laxative. Important to note is that one-third of the world's population suffer from constipation, yet nearly half still don't seek treatments with laxatives. This makes an attractive and substantial market opportunity. Dulcolax has been growing faster than the market for the past three years, executing on its repeatable model of growth, of which three main drivers are, one, the change in the focus of marketing to consumers. Moving from our positioning from purely medical and functional solution to a more emotional communication, breaking down the taboo of constipation, while educating on how Dulcolax works naturally with your body. Second, launching innovative, more consumer friendly and gentle formats such as chewables that have driven category penetration. Last but not least, working with healthcare professionals, resulting in strong endorsement. With its simple reputable amount of growth, I'm confident Dulcolax will continue to help consumers and gain market share. With this, I'm handing it over to Jean-Baptiste, our CFO.

Thank you. Thank you, Julie. As you just heard, we're up 9.3% in the quarter driven by double digit growth in Specialty Care and Vaccines. Dupixent and rare diseases were key drivers in the Specialty Care, while vaccine sales grew more than 20%. General Medicine sales decline decelerated and CHC reported another quarter of growth of 8.5%. Looking at the Q4 P&L on Slide 31, gross margin expansion was driven by our improved product mix and the strong contribution from COVID-19 vaccines revenues in the last quarter. R&D expenses grew 6.6% at CER mainly reflecting the continued progress of our Vaccines pipeline, mainly driven by the mRNA development programs. This quarter, we also start recording a share of the Phase 3 development costs related to the recently announced collaboration with JNJ on our potential first-in-class ExPEC vaccine. The BOI margin decreased 1.7 percentage point to 23.7% mainly due to a decrease in capital gains related to product disposals when compared to the same quarter last year. EPS was up 8.2% in Q4. Turning now to the full year group P&L on Slide 32. We recorded an improvement in gross margin, of which almost 1 percentage point was due to COVID-19 vaccine related sales and revenues. The product mix also contributed to gross margin expansion partially offset by lower Aubagio sales due to generic competition on lower net prices of launches in the US. Operating expenses grew roughly in line with sales and our business operating margin remained stable at constant exchange rate. EPS for the year grew 5.4% in line with our full year 2023 guidance. On Slide 33, our Board is proposing an annual dividend of EUR3.76, which represents a 5.6% increase over last year. Our progressive dividend policy remains an important part of our capital allocation policy. We…

[Operator Instructions] The first question comes from Luisa Hector, Berenberg. Luisa?

Hi. Can you hear me?

Luisa, can you hear us?

Yes. Can you hear me?

Yeah.

Great. Thank you. So maybe my question would be on Beyfortus, just to get a bit more color on where you are with manufacturing and the ability to meet demand this year, and whether you would anticipate perhaps some demand for second season vaccination, and if -- are you able to now show, given your sort of high vaccination rates in some countries, can you show that the emergency room, entry for the RSV has gone down? Like, do you have that sort of data to support the use of the vaccine? And that would be the first question. And then, obviously, I would like to, extend, thanks from everyone to JB, for all the conversations over the years. Thank you, JB. Congratulations on the move. And I guess the question for you would be, what words of advice you would pass on to better…

Well, thank you, Luisa. I think it's very gracious of you to say that to JB. We'll give him a moment or two to think about words of advice. Before that, Thomas, will come to you on Beyfortus. And perhaps if you're open, you could share some of the data from Galicia as a guide to what it might look like. I know they've been publishing some of that, but on the supply for Beyfortus 2024?

Great point indeed. So as you've seen from the Q4 results, we are very happy with the strong Beyfortus launch in Q3 and Q4, with more than EUR400 million sales in Q4. I start by that because I think that's showing that the implementation of all-infant protection program is highly feasible and goes very well with the record uptake in six months. Now back to your question, first on the supply element. As we discussed previously, clearly, Sanofi and AstraZeneca are working very hard to extend the manufacturing network, packaging sites, filling sites. And as always, and that's why we're not going to be very precise today, as always, first, you need to qualify the lines and then make them registered by the different regulatory authorities. That's the work that is ongoing right now in order to be able to completely, I would say, debottleneck the supply and have full supply for the season 2025. For the season 2024, we'll see an increase in supply. And I think we can share here together, but our expectation is to reach blockbuster status for Beyfortus in 2024. To be more precise, it's a bit early. Again, as we ramp up the supply progress and as we get further with regulatory authorities, we'll come back to you. Your second point is extremely important, Luisa. I really thank you for asking that. Because at the end of the day, the reason why we are in this industry is to really make sure that we have an impact in terms of clinical efficacy, that actually babies don't go to hospitalization or don't go to ER. I really ask everyone if you guys have a moment to look at the Galicia data, which is referenced on our slide there, Have a look there. I know very well that it's not the end of the season, but the Spain data is very important because unlike the US or France, which have a partial patient coverage rate this year, the actual Spain data is in a country where there is about 90% coverage rate. And you will see that they show extremely impressive data, where they see that -- where you can see that the hospitalization rate this year in babies less than eight months of age, i.e., eligible to Beyfortus, the hospitalization rate is extremely low. While for babies that are above one year of age, i.e., susceptible to normal RSV infection because they were not protected, actually it's a high RSV season for them. RSV disease is there. When you receive Beyfortus, it's not there. You don't go to hospitalization. We'll provide you more data at the end of the season, obviously.

Second season?

Second season, the product is indicated for your first RSV season, except for a very small population of infants, either specific heart conditions or specific lung conditions, it's usually depending on the population, but 1% of the newborn population, for which Beyfortus is [getting for the] (ph) second season. So it's retargeting for the first season. But interestingly, as you have seen, we have an RSV toddler intranasal vaccine that we are targeting to bring just after Beyfortus, [indiscernible] available and protected.

Thank you, Thomas, and congrats again on an amazing launch. JB, you've had some time to reflect to what advice you were going to give. You’ve certainly given me plenty of advice while we've been together, so I'm sure you're not short of something.

No, I'm not short. But first, thank you very much, Luisa. I'm a bit -- it's a lot of emotion for me today. And of course, the financials of the company are better, but what counts is that the pipeline on the science and innovation we have now, in our hands, where if I add the arrogance of an advice, it will be ready to make the most of it. Ready to make the most of it and bring them to fruition, develop them all in. That's what we have decided. That's what we should do. And of course, Paul, G&A as you know…

So [I just found the opening] (ph) comments, but I think we've all worked well as the management team, but JB and I particularly well. And we pushed each other pretty hard to be honest over the time. And it's been necessary to try and have as much discipline as possible whilst making sure we take advantage of opportunities. I think your comment about pipeline is extraordinarily well made. We've made sacrifices to be in a position where we have it. Don't squander it, I think is what you're saying. And you're right. I think for those, that should be interested, of course, we'd announced a cost saving program. I think you need to know that, aligned with JB's wishes and comments, we go full ahead for the reallocation of that. That doesn't blink. And one of the reasons why I'm excited to work with Francois-Xavier is because he picks up this well run machine, but with the same intensity. And I think that's very important for people to understand. We won't squander it, JB. Okay, next question?

The next question is from Jo Walton, UBS. Joe? Joe, can you hear us? UBS team? Okay. Let's move on and we'll come back…

Can you hear me?

Yes.

I'm sorry. I have a question on the consumer side, please. Just looking at, any progress on the Rx-OTC switch trials that you're doing for Tamiflu and Cialis? Just thinking as to whether they will -- how visible they will be at the point of separation going forward? And, secondly, just on the timing of your COPD launch. I know that you've, filed and you don't yet know the time frame of that review. Do you have a priority review voucher? Could we assume that you would use that for such an important launch? Many thanks.

Okay. Thanks, Jo. Great to be connected. So, Julie, updates on the switches?

Sure. So, as you know, we have already launched Cialis together in the UK. And since our last call, we have now also received approval for Norway and Ireland. What -- for the US, we have been conducting certain studies to support our strategy to [indiscernible]. Those studies are now complete, and we're looking forward to discussing the results with the FDA over the coming quarter and hope to gain alignment with them on the next steps. And on Tamiflu, there is no update at this time.

Yeah. And I think, Julie, I mean, it is very much a conversation with the FDA, but I think it's fair to say what was expected of us to be done, we've done. So now we find out whether it will be enough and that's, we've gone further than others, but we'll find out. So certainly progress on Cialis. I don't know whether we want to go to Brian then next on COPD. There was a question about the voucher and assumptions around launch.

First and foremost, thank you so much for the question. We're really, really excited about this next potential opportunity. As you may recall, back in August, the FDA, in quite a unique move, granted us breakthrough designation at that time and that was off of the first trial. Since then, we read out the second trial, both trials positive and exacerbations, we filed, we announced we filed as of December 27th, and so we are waiting regulatory feedback or feedback from the agency as we speak. We are anticipating, as we said earlier in the pre -- setup that we did that we will be launching in 2024, still to be determined whether or not it will be a prior review or not, but we will see.

Okay. Thank you. Anything else, Houman? No? Okay. Good. Thanks, Jo. Next question?

The next question is from Tim Anderson, [Roche] (ph).

Thank you. Yep. I have a couple of questions on Beyfortus, if I could. Can you describe the longer term opportunity and how it parses out by geography, meaning US versus ex US? Is this one of those products where it will be most likely, most sales coming from the US as it often is with different products? And then second question is your views of potential competition from Merck, they have this product, clesrovimab, in Phase 3 data in the back part of the year, implies a launch in 2025, also monoclonal. Any first impressions of that product based on what you know today?

All right. Thomas, breadth of launch, and some thoughts on that.

So to the risk of disappointing you, Tim, I might not give you a spreadsheet with a detailed forecast by geography over the coming years. But of course, we are very encouraged by the Q4 launch of this year. As said before, we are doing everything and we're confident supply will not be an issue. And we're doing -- we're looking broadly in terms of geography. You have noticed that we just got the registration Beyfortus in China. And we expect to have the registration of Beyfortus in Japan in the coming few months. And we will progressively start launch in China and in Japan at the end of 2024. So but we're really going as per as we named it, for an all-infant protection, it will be a progressive rollout. Geographies such as China, as you've seen it with multiple vaccines, do take time. So it will be a progressive [solutions] (ph). But the opportunity, if I look at the mid- to long term, could be significant. This year, in 2023, the sales are about two-thirds US, one-third EU, and that might be the perfect presentation for the short term, but again, RSV is everywhere, and we want to go for all geographies progressively one step at a time. For the competition aspect, there are two players, as you know very well. One, which is already licensed. This is about maternal immunization. So I think it's very clear. The fundamental difference between Beyfortus and maternal vaccines is that Beyfortus is designed to protect all infants, and maternal vaccines cannot by design. And back to the previous question from Luisa, please have a look at the Galicia results. When there is more than 90% coverage rate in early infant, the impact against hospitalization is impressive from year one. And for the other products, the Merck product is in Phase III. We cannot comment on it. We don't have data about the Phase III. The only thing I can say that I do believe that the bar has been set in terms of standard of care. And if you look at the profile of Beyfortus, not only in the efficacy, which is impressive as [per the disease data] (ph), but also in terms of safety. And we are talking here about the most fragile part of our population here with the newborn. The safety profile of nirsevimab is just pristine. So I think that's right, but now let's look at the Phase 3 results for the Med product.

Okay. Thank you. Thanks, Thomas. Thanks, Tim. Next question?

The next question is from Peter Welford from Jefferies.

Hi. Thanks for taking my questions. I'm going to speak first of all, just Beyfortus again if you can. Did you just -- when did you comment at all about the phasing? You made a comment the first quarter, you don't have supply, but I think at the same time, you are delivering doses still to the US, if I'm not wrong, but those sort of carry over. But should we then anticipate, Beyfortus sales dip and then rise again before the winter season? Or I guess, do you have any plans at all for the southern hemisphere, that also we should be considering during those middle three quarters. And just curious, the [specific near 2 million] (ph) that was given, was that the US alone, or is that, across all the regions so far where Beyfortus has been launched? And then the second question, just one for JB, just on the P&L. The increase in other operating income during the quarter, you referenced in the release something to do with litigation related payments. Wonder how much of that is to do with it, or could you just quantify a bit what it was that that led to the significant increase in the [indiscernible] in the quarter, perhaps relative to expectations? Thank you.

Thomas, so maybe some thoughts on Q1, what you can share on phasing and have the distribution of the almost 2 million doses that we put up already in the schedule.

So first on the first question, the RSV disease is, of course, a very seasonal disease. And therefore, you will see that it will be a cadence if you wish NH countries will have their sales in Q3, Q4. South Hemisphere countries will have their sales in Q1, Q2. Due to the supply limitation and the fact that we are in the progress in the process, sorry, of ramping up supply, I would expect in 2024 that Q3 and Q4 are the key quarters for Beyfortus where you will see, as it was communicated a while ago, some small sales with the delivery of products in January, and we are looking for a couple of countries maybe for South Hemisphere countries. But again, from a significant sales perspective, it's really about Q4 -- Q3 and Q4 for 2024. And back to the point you mentioned, to be very precise, on the approximately 2 million doses of 2023, 2024, so it includes the seasons, i.e., it includes January, February. It's really total, i.e., US plus Europe.

Okay. JB, the other end?

Yeah. Thank you, Wel. You realize that the ForEx is very visible on the impact on our P&L, but effectively more specifically, we had a few here and there, tens of millions of provisions that we had to pass in Q4, scattered topics, nothing in particular.

Okay, good. Thank you. Next question?

So the next question is from Richard Vosser, JPMorgan.

Hi. Thanks for taking my question. Question on INBRX-101 or the Inhibrx product. I think Inhibrx was highlighting the first readout at the end of ’24. So could you talk through the difference in timing with your second half ’25 timing and whether we will still see some initial data ahead of maybe the final data on the ’25? And then a question on flu, please. Obviously, flu vaccine [indiscernible] and we've been hearing about increased competition, I think you've referenced it too. So, are we back to a situation of Sort of overcapacity for the for the flu market, outside of high dose and outside of very old adults? So should we expect price pressure going forward? How should we think of the flu seasons going forward? Thanks very much.

Okay, good. Maybe, Houman, do you want to comment?

Yeah. So, Richard, thank you for the question. The short answer is, in terms of operational outcome, we expect the results in '25. I don't have any further comment on that, and we look forward to seeing those results. There are other elements to this as we bring the molecule in once the deal closed.

Okay, good. Thomas, getting plenty of airtime today. Flu, maybe comments on high dose and the differentiation piece and the thoughts on what it could mean for pricing in standard dose?

It's an important question, Richard. And I would say the continuation of what we have observed over the past two years. The situation in the flu market overall is that there is definitely ample supply versus the demand. And that's been accelerated by the decrease in flu VCR over the past couple of years, especially in North America for various reasons. I think one point to have in mind though is that it's very linked to the fact that there has been very moderate flu season in terms of disease. And as you know very well, this year gets softer after three or four seasons that are lower and suddenly this year comes back after the first big hit. I'm saying that because right now, we're in Western Europe with an increase of flu disease, and the US will not be immune to that. But so that's for the overall situation. Of course, we had anticipated that. That's why we came earlier with differentiated flu vaccines. We have the two differentiated flu vaccines in our portfolio that have significant data -- significant data that are showing impact in terms of improved protection versus infection compared to standard dose, which none of the competitors have. That's what we call protection beyond flu. And that has brought the success of this differentiated vaccine, but represents still in H2 2023 more than 60% of our flu sales. So to summarize, I would say overall for standard dose price pressure in my expectation you're correct. But we're seeing still ample room for trajectory of differentiated flu vaccines such as [Zydus] (ph), Efluelda or [indiscernible].

Okay. Thank you. The next question, please.

The next question is from Graham Parry, Bank of America.

Great. Thanks for taking my questions. So first question is just on ALTUVIIIO. I think you had quite a lot of patients on free drug in second or third quarter. Just if you could give us an update on how many patients are actually on free drug or bridging programs in Q4? And then how you'd expect that to progress into 2024? And then separately on the excuse me, on the Inhibrx asset, I recall Inhibrx had indicated that the FDA wanted some data linking functional AAT levels going to normal levels with some sort of clinical outcome, as a sort of precursor to filing on the basis of, functional AAT level for accelerated review. And then they still had to agree a clinical endpoint for the confirmatory trial. So if you could just give us an update on, where you think that process is? Is that data generated? And what do you think the clinical endpoint that will be needed for approval will be? Thank you.

Thank you, Graham. Brian, ALTUVIIIO.

Yep. So first and foremost, as you all know, we have this 30-day program, which has been quite helpful for us. We've seen that about 90% of the patients that go into that program get converted to commercial, which is really fantastic. And as you have said, it's going to go down. It was at 20% previously. The patients have gone through the program, it is at 14% now. We anticipate it to go down to between 8% and 5%. And probably it will stabilize somewhere around the 5% range in the coming years.

Thank you, Brian. Houman?

Thanks for the question. Excellent question. Just to call out, we don't own the asset yet. So we're beginning to dig into that question. As you will fully appreciate, there are ongoing discussions with the FDA, both in terms of, as you say, bioavailability and bioequivalence with native Alpha-1-Antitrypsin and the right endpoint. But we're deep in those discussions. And in fact, even last week, we were in conversations with the Alpha-1 Foundation Patient group to consider exactly how we move this forward. Thanks for the question and watch this space.

Thank you.

The next question is from Simon Baker from Redburn. Simon? Okay. So maybe I move to the next question from…

Hi, can you hear me, sorry?

Yes, we're good.

Yeah. Hi. Thank you. Sorry. Can you please provide more color on your view of the potential of CEACAM5 as a targets given the recent tusamitamab ravtansine [fader] (ph). And second one, again, on Beyfortus. We've seen this strong uptake in US. But is there any group or payer channels or regions more strongly represented than others at ADC? Thank you.

Okay. Thank you. CEACAM5, given the tusamitamab data and maybe some thoughts on the different payload and is it still a valid target?

Thanks for the question. Excellent question. We continue to believe, based on both our precision medicine computational biology approach and classical immunogenic chemistry, the CEACAM5 is a highly specific and highly expressed target. Its density profile is well suited to an ADC approach as you call out correctly. The previous molecule with a DM4 payload, sadly, did not provide the high efficacy bar that we put in order to serve patient value. We believe, for a number of basic biological reasons, the Topo1 payload on the current molecule, both at preclinical level, but also now in clinic shows significant promise. The short answer is we remain optimistic about CEACAM5 ADCs.

Thank you. And, Beyfortus, in particular the…

So I assume, Simon, you're talking about the payout coverage in the US. First of all, a significant part of [indiscernible] coverage is to the VFC program. So for the public part, it will converge very well. And for the private medical side of things, I didn't check very recently, but a few weeks ago, we are already way more and way above 90% payor coverage in the US. Just a few months after that. So I don't see any problem at all in terms of payor coverage. It doesn't present, but there might be a few practitioners or a few HCPs that, of course, want to go slowly because we want to make sure that they will be reimbursed and probably covered. But what we've seen in the US over the past few weeks, I think it's now something from the past. I'm very confident for 2024 in the US.

Yeah. Just to build on Simon's question, of course, you referenced the US, but maybe to share some of the enthusiasm they're seeing from different countries in Europe?

Definitely. I think that you know that it's well known that in Europe, if you look plenty of previous historical benchmark. Vaccine entries in Europe normally takes a few years in terms of progress because there is a recommending body, there is no reimbursement decision and its early stage. We are seeing a lot of European countries that are trying to accelerate that process in order to make sure that Beyfortus goes earlier for protection.

Thank you, Thomas. Next question?

The next question comes from David Risinger from Leerink.

Yes. Thank you very much. So I wanted to say thank you and best of luck to you JB. And I have two questions for Paul and you please. First, can you provide color on the outlook for spending growth in 2025 and also discuss the potential for operating leverage beyond 2025? Thanks very much.

Thank you, David. Okay, JB?

Yeah, thank you very much. Yes, I can try to do that because the question is pretty simple and I can lay it out for you. We enjoy a steady growth and this is with us for many years ahead now with no LOE in front of us and you heard Paul mentioning this underlying growth that we are enjoying when you neutralize the impact of Aubagio. So, it's pretty easy to see that we are going to enjoy this growth. We said that we would increase in ’24 and that's why there is a bit of a crush in ’24 because we increased EUR700 million R&D, while other programs are still running like tolebrutinib, COPD, large phase -- multiple Phase 3 programs. Those programs will end in 2025 and the oncology to I&I reallocation plus our efforts in terms of the cost reallocation will fully kick in, in 2025. So Flat OpEx ‘25 versus ‘24 with a clear top line growth, this will trigger leverage. Now looking beyond this, beyond ‘25, if we've done -- if we've taken the decision of going all in and developing our pipeline is free to break the ceiling of growth rate on profitability that Sanofi has experimented in past years. So we will see where it goes. But as I said, we are going to enjoy a long run of growth on a clear opportunity to create value and go through the LOE of Dupixent with EUR3 billion to EUR5 billion -- EUR2 billion to EUR5 billion or EUR3 billion to EUR5 billion asset with EUR2 billion to EUR5 billion peak sales potential. And you've seen in the R&D Day that we have more than what it takes already and you've seen also that we are relentless in adding to our portfolio inorganically as we just did with Inhibrx.

Thank you, JB. Next question please.

The next question is from Gary Steventon from Exane BNP. Gary? Gary, can you hear us?

Maybe move to the next phone.

Okay. So we'll come back to Gary. So let's move to Rajesh Kumar from HSBC. Rajesh? Okay. So do we have Gary online? No. So I think I have also a question written in the box. I'm going to read it out. It's from Florent Cespedes from Societe Generale. So, the question is for CHC. So there is one question. Could you elaborate on the dynamic in Europe, the decline in Q4 and US? What is the organic growth? And is it still possible to raise price in the US? And then there is another question on 2025. What are the drivers and challenges for 2025? How confident are you with the consensus EPS growth in 2025?

Okay, good. All right. Well, then Julie, Europe dynamics, US and price flexibility and then JB will come back to the EPS rebound ’25.

Okay. So and then -- on Q4. So I think maybe on Q4, I think there's three factors that are important to notice that have impacted our growth versus consensus. It's first, some further divestments of our non-core brands as part of our plan to simplify our portfolio and we're coming to the end of that program. We'll still have some impact in 2024. As of for the performance in the US, it's explained first by a softer market dynamic, but also some underperformance of our brands and actions to improve performance on these brands is happening as we speak, especially in the allergy and pain categories, while the addition obviously of Qunol is strengthening our position to deliver future growth in the US. Europe, we have strong positions. I think our strength overall is that we have more than 60% of our business that is driven by leadership -- brands that have leadership positions in their in respective markets with all, still a lot of potential to grow, thanks to mainly penetration as well as innovation. That helps. And price or room for pricing? Room for pricing, obviously, there's less room for pricing than in the past. But there's still, we see that our category overall is a little bit more resilient, especially the OTC category is more resilient than many other consumer categories.

Thank you, Julie. JB, maybe your last comment.

It will be -- with ‘25, the strong rebound is coming pretty naturally on pretty mechanically. So yeah, confidence is high.

Thank you, JB. Wise words. So thank you to everybody. Thanks for those that connected today and for everybody that played a part. We've positioned ourselves well with the blockbusters that we have ahead of us with our launch performance. We have to keep delivering the now and wait for our readouts and celebrate our successes from launches. So thank you very much.

Thank you. You may now disconnect.