Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the TD Bank Group Q3 2020 Earnings Conference Call. I would now like to turn the meeting over to Ms. Gillian Manning. Please go ahead, Ms. Manning.

Thank you, Operator. Good afternoon, and welcome to TD Bank Group's Third Quarter 2020 Investor Presentation. We will begin today's presentation with remarks from Bharat Masrani, the bank's CEO. After which, Riaz Ahmed, the bank's CFO, will present our third quarter operating results. Ajai Bambawale, Chief Risk Officer, will then offer comments on credit quality. After which we will invite questions from prequalified analysts and investors on the phone. Also here to answer your questions today are Teri Currie, Group Head, Canadian Personal Banking; Greg Braca, President and CEO, TD Bank, America's Most Convenient Bank; and Bob Dorrance, Group Head, Wholesale Banking. Please turn to Slide 2. At this time, I would like to caution our listeners that this presentation contains forward-looking statements, that there are risks that actual results could differ materially from what is discussed and that certain material factors or assumptions were applied in making these forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements contained in this presentation represent the views of management and are presented for the purpose of assisting the bank's shareholders and analysts in understanding the bank's financial position, objectives and priorities and anticipated financial performance. Forward-looking statements may not be appropriate for other purposes. I would also like to remind listeners that the bank uses non-GAAP financial measures to arrive at adjusted results to assess each of its businesses and to measure overall bank performance. The bank believes that adjusted results provide readers with a better understanding of how management views the bank's performance. Bharat will be referring to adjusted results in his remarks. Additional information on items of note, the bank's reported results and factors and assumptions related to forward-looking information are all available in our Q3 2020 report to shareholders. With that, let me turn the presentation over to Bharat.

Thank you, Gillian, and thank you, everyone, for joining us today. For the last six months, TD's 90,000 colleagues have worked tirelessly to keep the bank fully operational through the COVID-19 crisis, delivering for our 26 million customers when they needed us most. Whether working from home or at a TD location store or other location, their hard work and dedication has been inspiring. I'm very proud of their tremendous efforts, often under difficult circumstances, and I thank them for their contributions. TD is a bank but we are also a community. We care for each other and our customers. Six months into this crisis, our culture and our people remain among our most important advantages. They are what will see us through this period of turmoil, and I'm confident that they will enable us to emerge even stronger in the months ahead. COVID-19 has affected us all in ways none of us could have imagined. But over the last few months, it has become clear that some communities are being disproportionately impacted. To address this, TD has made important financial commitments and introduced new programs to support recovery and community resilience across our footprint. This includes allocating $10 million through the annual TD Ready Challenge to organizations developing innovative and measurable solutions to address the inequities exacerbated by the pandemic. We are also taking steps to confront more long-standing injustices. This quarter, anti-black racism and racism in all its forms moved to the forefront of the global conversation. In response, TD further elevated our long-standing commitment to the active advancement, promotion and celebration of inclusion and diversity within the bank and across society. We announced concrete targets and important initiatives to grow black, indigenous and minority executive representation, to invest in organizations that fight racism and promote inclusion, to…

Thank you, Bharat, and good afternoon, everyone. Please turn to Slide 8. This quarter, the bank reported earnings of $2.2 billion and EPS of $1.21. Adjusted earnings were $2.3 billion, and adjusted EPS was $1.25. Revenue increased 2%, reflecting volume growth across our businesses and record wealth and wholesale revenues partially offset by margin compression and lower fee income as a result of reduced customer activity in the personal and commercial banking businesses. Provisions for credit losses decreased by 32% quarter-over-quarter to $2.2 billion. The decrease was mainly attributable to lower performing PCLs, reflecting a smaller increase to performing allowance for credit losses this quarter. And expenses decreased 1% on a year-over-year basis. Please turn to Slide 9. Canadian Retail net income was $1.3 billion, down 33% year-over-year, reflecting higher credit losses, lower revenue and higher insurance claims. On an adjusted basis, net income also decreased 33%. Revenue decreased by 2%, reflecting lower margins, partially offset by volume growth and higher wealth and insurance revenues. Average loans rose 3%, reflecting growth in both personal and business volumes. Deposits rose 18%, reflecting double-digit growth in balances across all businesses. Wealth assets increased 4%, reflecting new asset growth and market appreciation. Margin was 2.68%, a decrease of 15 basis points from the prior quarter, reflecting lower interest rates. Total PCL decreased by 18% quarter-over-quarter, primarily reflecting lower performing PCL. And total PCL as an annualized percentage of credit volume was 0.86%, down 21 basis points quarter-over-quarter. Expenses are flat year-over-year on a reported and adjusted basis. Please turn to Slide 10. U.S. Retail net income was USD 490 million. The U.S. Retail bank net income was $260 million, down USD 487 million, reflecting higher PCLs and lower revenue. Average loan volumes increased 11% year-over-year, reflecting growth in the personal and business customer…

Thank you, Riaz, and good afternoon, everyone. Please turn to Slide 14. Gross impaired loan formations were stable quarter-over-quarter at 23 basis points, primarily reflecting a decrease in the U.S. and Canadian consumer lending portfolios and the wholesale segment, driven by lower formations in the oil and gas sector, largely offset by higher formations in the U.S. and Canadian commercial lending portfolios. Please turn to Slide 15. Gross impaired loans ended the quarter at $3.8 billion or 51 basis points, up 4 basis points quarter-over-quarter, driven by the U.S. and Canadian commercial lending portfolios and the Canadian RESL portfolio, largely due to the cessation of enforcement activities to resolve impaired loans in response to COVID-19, partially offset by the impact of foreign exchange. Please turn to Slide 16. Recall that our presentation reports PCL ratios both gross and net of the partner share of the U.S. strategic card credit losses. We remind you that credit losses recorded in the Corporate segment are fully absorbed by our partners and do not impact the bank's net income. The bank's PCLs in the quarter were $2.19 billion or 117 basis points, decreasing $1.03 billion or 59 basis points quarter-over-quarter. Although PCLs have decreased across all segments quarter-over-quarter, PCL remains elevated from pre-COVID-19 levels primarily due to the ongoing pandemic. Please turn to Slide 17. The bank's impaired PCL decreased $138 million quarter-over-quarter, as reflected in the wholesale segment, largely driven by less oil and gas-related credit migration. Performing PCL decreased $894 million, reflecting a smaller increase to the allowance for credit losses this quarter. Please turn to Slide 18. The allowance for credit losses increased $1.3 billion this quarter, primarily related to higher performing allowances due to the impact of COVID-19 and incorporate our economic outlook for Canada and the U.S., reflecting a…

[Operator Instructions]. We have our first question from Steve Theriault from Eight Capital.

I want to start with a question on Canadian P&C expenses. Teri, I was looking back, and this is the first time, I think, I can see P&C banking, excluding the wealth and insurance component, has had expenses down or flat since way back in 2016. And clearly, these are extraordinary times, but can you give a bit of an outlook around how much you think you can or will or want to reign in expenses over the next few quarters? Is flat to down something we should contemplate here relative to the projects and the spend, I think, you want to undertake here over the next few quarters?

Super. Thanks a lot. Thanks for the question, Steve. So we have continued to manage our expenses quite actively and, I would say, prudently. And as you mentioned, for P&C, they were down sequentially and year-over-year despite actually absorbing COVID-related costs involving reward for our folks in the field as well as enhanced cleaning protocols and safety and security enhancements. I would say that we've talked about, over quite a period of time, the levers that are available to us. We will always invest for the future, and we will always invest to ensure that protect and comply requirements are met. And some of the levers that were available to us this quarter were some sequencing and prioritization of more discretionary activities as well as some marketing expense that just didn't make sense in light of the context externally. We're not sort of in a position right now to give guidance because there's so much uncertainty going forward, but what I can tell you is we will continue to prioritize investments to ensure that we meet protect and comply, that we invest in our business strategies and that we also consider discretionary investments to build the business. But given many of the investments we've made in the past that we're leveraging, including our number one digital position in Canada, I feel pretty confident that we're in a pretty good place as we look forward.

Should we think about Q4 as in the past? We thought about it as a bit of a lumpy quarter in terms of expenses. Is that a headwind for this year at all?

So there are a lot of moving parts. If you go back to the beginning of the year, one of the things that I had commented on was the shape of our expenses last year in terms of first half, second half. And notwithstanding a lot has changed, including COVID, and we will still have some COVID expenses in Q4, just the nature of that first half, second half, probably we'd see a decent shape for expenses in Q4, all of the things being equal.

Okay. And just by way of quick follow-up, if I could. A very smaller than usual loss in Corporate. Riaz, I think you said that was driven by a tax item. Am I reading that right, that that's about $30 million this quarter?

That was the change in the expenses this quarter and would be about roughly right.

The next question is from Gabriel Dechaine from National Bank Financial.

I want to ask, Ajai, a couple of questions here on the credit stuff. First, $2.2 billion of provisions, about 60% of that is performing provisions, wondering if you can maybe ballpark. How much of the performing was due to model adjustments? And how much was due to management overlay or whatever we call it these days?

Yes. So thanks. Thank you for the question. If I look at the last two quarters, majority, and when I'm saying majority, it's very high. Over 85% of our performing allowance over the last two quarters is modeled. So the overlay is basically about 15%.

Over the past two quarters, so NAV about the same, no difference in the skew this quarter?

Well, I would say the overlays are coming down because there's more in the macro output.

Got you. And then wondering if you can quantify this for me. And you talked about what conditions need to arise for you to make adjustments to your ACL. Just wondering, what would your ACL look like? Or what kind of increase are we talking about if you were to shift 100% to the pessimistic scenario?

Yes. That's a good question, but that's not a number we would disclose. I think you know that our probability-weighted ACL is greater than our base ACL. And if you look at our numbers, that difference has actually increased, which is telling you we are putting greater weight than we have in prior quarters on our downside. And the additional data point I'm willing to share with you is that on the downside, we're actually using a W shape.

Okay. So your weighting on the downside is greater than you're weighting on the base case?

No, I'm saying my weighting on my downside has increased quarter-over-quarter.

The next question is from Meny Grauman from Scotiabank.

Just a question on the ACL as well, up again to $9.2 billion. I'm just wondering -- I appreciate a lot of it is being driven by models. But in terms of sort of that management overlay piece, at what point is ACL too high in your view? Can there be such a thing? And on a related question, what kind of coverage ratios do you prefer to look at? And sort of what's your perspective on that question of, when I look at it, you could say it just looks too high.

Yes. So on your second question, honestly I don't have a target coverage ratio. That's not the way we work. Like every quarter, we look at what the forward-looking scenarios are. We'll assess, we'll do a bottom-up assessment as well, we triangulate all the data and then we'll take a call as to what's most appropriate for our book of business. I think we don't know, we're in very uncertain times. The shape of the reopening, who knows what's going to happen? Things could plateau in a few months. So we're taking that into account. We're being appropriately prudent. Now with respect to overlays, like typically, I don't want to see too many overlays. I'd like to see it all in our modeled output. But you have to appreciate we are in unprecedented times. These models are trained on historical data that's quite different, okay? So there should be an expectation that we would use expert judgment and that we'll do an overlay, but over time, I expect the overlays to come down.

And maybe approaching it a different way, just as a follow-up. I mean it definitely makes sense that some banks are more conservative than others. But I guess the question is, is there something in your business that is making you more concerned that maybe we wouldn't have -- we wouldn't see -- is there a particular issue that is in part driving this conservatism?

Yes. Well, thanks for the question. So my answer is no. Our allowance reflects our geographic mix. It reflects our product mix and very importantly, it reflects the times we're in. And from my perspective, we are being appropriately prudent. So there's nothing more than that.

And the next question is from Ebrahim Poonawala from Bank of America Securities.

I guess just first, I wanted to follow up on the comment you made about the weighting on the downside increased quarter-over-quarter. I get why that would be the case in the U.S., where things probably worsened a little bit since 2Q results. Could you tell us like what on the outlook for Canada or the Canadian economy deteriorated that would cause you to increase that weighting to the downside for the Canadian Retail segment?

Yes. No, it's a good question, but let me kind of tell you what's driving the numbers up. It's just not the downside case. What's driving the numbers is that even our base case, which was earlier weak, is now reflective of a very gradual recovery. So if you go to our disclosures, you'll see for Canada, for instance, our unemployment numbers are higher, our GDP numbers are lower and our HPI numbers are also lower. That's what's driving our allowance numbers up. It's less to -- yes, there's a little more weight on the downside. But if you look at the difference there, it's not just that the downside is driving our numbers. We believe we're in uncertain times, it's the time to be prudent, and our economic outlook reflects that.

Understood. And I guess a question around capital. Riaz, I guess CET1 jumped a significant bit. I guess as we look out, it seems like we should still see the capital ratios drift higher. And I saw a news headline talking about you trying to be opportunistic on M&A... So just talk to us around outlook on capital. And just from a management standpoint, are you ready if an opportunity were to come through over the coming months and to kind of pursue strategic M&A?

Sure, Ebrahim. So this is Bharat. So a couple of points. I mean if you look at -- you pointed out CET1 at 12.5%. So I'd say historically and traditionally, TD, our view is having strong capital is always a good thing regardless of the environment. So you're seeing a bit of that play out. Secondly, I think Ajai just answered 3 or 4 questions, and all of them carried the theme that we are in uncertain times. This crisis is unprecedented. Yes, we are seeing green shoots. We are seeing gradual reopenings. We are seeing somewhat of a normalization in certain jurisdictions in which we operate. But we also recognize that these things could change quite dramatically. It could change because there's a spike in infections or whatever the case might be, schools are reopening. So who knows what's going to happen 4 weeks from now? So the bank is appropriately prudent and cautious about it. And when you're in that situation, to have very strong capital numbers is also a good thing. We think that's the way traditionally TD would operate. And then I get to the point that you're asking. This is an unprecedented crisis. I think there is an overuse of the word unprecedented, but it's an appropriate phrase. It's an appropriate phrase to describe what we see in the environment. And without a doubt, before this ends there are going to be opportunities. We feel that if and when they were to present themselves, then TD, as we did in the global financial crisis and most of the other downturns we've experienced in our lifetime, that we want to be prepared. If there are compelling opportunities, we want to make sure that we look at them seriously. And if they make sense from a risk perspective, return perspective, timing perspective, culture perspective, then we want to be ready to act. And our capital levels provide us with that flexibility.

And then, Bharat, just on that, TD has been a big believer in retail distribution, both sides of the border. Does the crisis and the adoption of digital among customers make you feel differently about bank M&A?

It's hard to say. I think there are different angles to look at from an M&A perspective. I think our belief in distribution has been more omni oriented. I think this environment is showing that our view on omni rather than digital-only has turned out to be correct. I think every channel of ours, as long as we're providing those personalized connected and seamless experiences, they've served us well. And so I wouldn't want to totally discount bank M&A from it. I think our situation is such that we would look at any opportunity, but we would only do a deal that made sense from a risk and a financial and a strategic perspective.

Got it. And Riaz, fair to assume that capital ratio lift higher from here, at least in the near term?

Yes. I think as I had mentioned on the call last time that we've been converting our books from standardized to advanced approaches for some time now and the U.S. non-retail portfolio was almost the last one -- well, the last one major portfolio to be converted. So I think we're through that piece, and I expect capital from here to be more reflective of organic variables as well as potential migration effects if conditions get worse.

The next question is from Sohrab Movahedi from BMO Capital Markets.

Two quickies. One, if I can just maybe ask Ajai. Maybe it's a bit of a redundant question, but in past calls, you've kind of reminded us that there is a seasonality in the provisioning levels with the cards partnership. And that tends to kind of have historically had spikes kind of towards the Christmas time frame and coming out of it, so Q4 and Q1. I mean there's obviously lots and lots of reserves you put up here right now. But is there still going to be some seasonality we should be thinking about when it comes to the cards portfolio and your share of it going into Q4 and Q1 of next year?

Yes. So the simple answer is yes, Q4 and Q1. So you see the card PCLs buildup because of seasonality in Q4 and Q1. So you will see seasonality. But what you should also keep in mind is that card balances generally have come down. So the seasonal impact may not be as great as it was previously.

Okay. And maybe a quick question for -- maybe not so quick, I don't know, for Bob. Bob, obviously, having the diversification benefits of your segment was quite helpful this quarter. I wonder if you could just paint us a picture of where you think you can take the business from here and what sort of additional resources you may need, both people, call it, expenses and capital or balance sheet type resources and what sort of expectations you want to set for us for the next, call it, couple of years.

Okay. Thank you for the question. I think as I've been talking about in the last number of years that we have been investing, particularly in our U.S. dollar strategy, so that's both in the U.S. region but in U.S. dollars globally, and that's turned out to be a very good investment. I think you saw some of the benefits of that and -- so far this year, in the last couple of quarters. So that will sort of continue to be the focus, how we continue to build out U.S. dollar capabilities in those areas where we choose to compete, where we think we have competitive advantage and where we think we can make strong returns. And so in particular, in the corporate sector, lots of opportunity, especially in the U.S. We've significantly grown our U.S. franchise in terms of corporate lending. We're building it out greater on the investment-grade side, but we're also building out the non-investment-grade side as well. And this pandemic crisis so far has allowed us the opportunity to both add clients as well as to up-tiering clients on the corporate lending side. That's the investment part. And from that, we've been able then to increase our wallet share with respect to debt capital markets transactions, asset securitization, high-yield offerings, foreign exchange hedging, et cetera, et cetera, so building the product lines integrated with the client relationship. On the government side, globally, I think we have lots of opportunities still. We had built up our SSA business fairly significantly in dollars. And we're a top 5 dollar market share there. That being said, there's just going to be a lot more opportunities because there's going to be a lot more financing in the government side, not just in SSAs but in provinces, in the federal…

The next question is from Paul Holden from CIBC.

I want to ask you for your perspective around timing or potential timing under your base case for actual loan impairments. What we've heard from some of the other banks is, first, we're going to have to obviously see these loan deferrals roll off, which is kind of end of Q4 like -- or partway through Q4 event, and then sort of impairment peaking mid '21, wondering if that's consistent with your view. Or how -- really, I guess, how are you viewing the timing on impairments?

Yes. Well, thanks for the question. As you know, both the deferral programs and all the stimulus provided either to corporations or to individuals, have been very beneficial. So I'm not seeing a lot of impairments in the near term. I think the impairments, to me, will pick up when some of the stimulus programs end. And in my judgment, that will be in 2021. I can't pinpoint a quarter, but my gut tells me it will be more the second half of 2021.

Interesting. Okay. And then second question would be with respect to Canadian Retail banking. I'm just wondering how you're viewing potential market share opportunities today across mortgages and other personal lending products. Given the COVID uncertainties, have you pulled back a bit in terms of appetite to gain market share or is it more steady course in terms of what you want to do from a market share perspective.

Teri?

Thanks for the question. It's Teri. So I'll talk a little bit about RESL, and then maybe the business overall. So in this quarter, our sequential volume growth would have been third relative to our main competitors. I feel like, if I think about the quarter, we were competing in some sense with one arm tied behind our back. As of August 24, we have fewer branches open than three of our four top competitors, and I think we've been somewhat more conservative with our safe reopening. But having said that, by the end of September, we would have the majority of our branches open, all other things being equal as the environment shakes out over the next month. And so if I just step back and look at the RESL business, I feel really great about how we're positioned for growth. You may recall that in 2019, we implemented our future-ready strategy. And those distribution changes were an adjustment for our colleagues in branch banking in particular as they adjusted to the model and, in particular, the hand-off of more complex deals to the mobile mortgage specialists. But when we entered this year, we really saw an uptick, kind of 40% volume year-over-year increase pre COVID of branch banking activity. And so as we went into COVID with the flattening of the curve activities and the closure of the branches, we have seen branch originations come off a bit. And then for our mobile mortgage specialist, as we went into the COVID period, the change to have customers signing with mobile mortgage specialists required a little bit of setup. We quickly sort of got ourselves in a place where that capability was there, but that caused us a little bit of drag in the early part of the quarter. We really saw significant increases by July. And our third-party volumes were very strong in July, and our branch originations are picking up. So with the investments we've made in distribution, in operations, in automation, in training and with the network open, I feel like we're well positioned to grow the business. And our retention was very strong at 60 basis points in the quarter. From a risk perspective, because that was a component of your question, we continue to have grown this business kind of mid-single digits over a number of periods and have been able to do that within our risk policies and our risk appetite.

The next question is from Nigel D'Souza from Veritas Investment Research.

I just have two questions for you. And the first, if I could turn to risk-weighted assets. I want to look at credit risk and drill down on asset quality. That was a benefit this quarter. I was wondering if you could speak to what drove that. I assume it's retail exposures. And maybe if you can provide any details of how that split between residential secured versus qualifying revolving credit.

Yes. So the asset quality improvement is really coming from 2 things. It's lower utilization of lines, so lower utilization. Part of it would show up under volume, but when you have low utilization, a piece of it shows up as, basically, quality because the probability of default is less. So a part of that benefit has been attributed to quality. And then the second part of that is we did update our non-retail PD parameter for '19 data. And as you know, '19 was relatively benign so we got some benefit from that. So overall, those two things sort of offset any credit RWA increase because of migration.

Okay. So just a follow-up on that. Does that mean that the non-retail RWA updates are going to lag a bit through the cycle? Is that how we should interpret it? And the retail is going to be more sensitive on RWA? Or is there a different way to look at it?

Yes. So retail, I would say, does lag because what happens in retail is you've got to wait for the bureau scores to get updated, and that sort of feeds back into the RWA. The other thing that you have to keep in mind also is there's a charge-off retail much faster. So there's a bit of lag because of retail. I think the other very important point is that generally, the reg cap calculations are quite different than IFRS 9, right? IFRS 9 is forward-looking, it's more volatile because of macro factors, because of probability weights. RWA is all backward looking. It's a through-the-cycle view. And generally, that view, because it's through the cycle, it changes very slowly.

Yes, that's very helpful. And just a last quick question, if I may, on your deferral book, specifically on small business and commercial. I know it's too early to talk about impairments, but could you maybe just provide some color on geographic mix and sector mix of that deferred book just so we have some insights on what the composition is?

Yes. So that deferred book on the commercial side, it really goes back to what are the impacted industries. And you'll notice we have a new slide, I believe it's Slide #29, where we sort of call out what the industries of focus are. And part of those industries of focus include commercial real estate, and there are some riskier segments within commercial real estate. For example, retail CRE, to the extent you have nonessential retailers on your rent rolls, there's some risk there. There's some risk associated with hotels, some with office CRE. The other segment I'd call out is just the retail segment, restaurants and again, coming back to nonessential retailers. Then there's transportation and within transportation, air transportation and cruise lines, though our exposure is fairly small there; a bit in health and social services as well. So then if I come back to deferrals and who took the deferrals, it's really along the lines of the impacted industries. So some of the biggest users of deferrals are in commercial real estate, are in retail because these are the sectors that are most impacted by COVID-19. I hope that helps.

The next question is from Scott Chan from Canaccord Genuity.

Just on the U.S. Retail side, I think in your opening remarks, you talked about record U.S. mortgage originations. And I was wondering if you could provide perspective on kind of the outlook on U.S. mortgages and perhaps on cards and autos, on how it's progressed through COVID.

Sure. It's Greg, Scott. So thank you for the question. So first, I would just give you a little bit of a backdrop that over the last five plus months or so, we've definitely seen a slowdown in general activity starting in March and then progressing through various parts of the footprint in the U.S. Certainly, you saw a lot of slowdown in the Mid-Atlantic, in particular in New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania markets, as those are the hot points for COVID. That would translate to lower card spend, lower retail credit line spend. And certainly, we saw that play out in the Mid-Atlantic states. As we got into late spring and then into early summer and through mid-summer, really the focus of the pandemic in the U.S. shifted to the Southeast, really down through the Carolinas and Florida. And you would have seen a lot of that slowdown where retailers, both large and small, consumer spending patterns would have slowed down, and you would have seen that while some of the more hard-hit markets earlier on were starting to reopen up. On the mortgage front, the way that translates is with rates so low, you certainly saw a shift from a percentage from purchase volume to much more refinance volume, but what we're certainly seeing real time right now is record volumes that we're taking in right now for refinance and some purchase volume that is still holding up. There's a lot of activity right outside the major cities, the suburbs, and we're seeing really record activity up and down the footprint from Maine to Florida. As I said, so mortgages are up given what we've talked about, more muted growth than we've traditionally had over the last year or two in auto and certainly depressed card spend translating to less card balances. Does that get to what you wanted, Scott?

That's perfect. And maybe just a follow-up on that. Just on margin, on the U.S. side, down 43 bps quarter-over-quarter. Can you maybe kind of talk about the outlook there? Has it bottomed? And then maybe from the Canadian perspective as well.

All right. Sure. Well, let me start, and then I'll turn it over to Teri. So yes, certainly, you called it right, 43 basis points quarter-over-quarter and then 77 basis points year-over-year. But for the quarter-over-quarter number, what you saw was a little bit of a lag and LIBOR didn't come down immediately with the 150 basis points of rate cuts that took effect in March right away. You still had widened credit spreads in the market because of all that was going on at that point. And then certainly, a lot of that LIBOR spread came down as you got into Q3 to more normalized levels given where Fed funds were and placing a great focus on our own margins, and you see some of that. In addition to us -- we had very, very strong deposit growth. So the way I'd give you the quarter-over-quarter look and year-over-year look as well is it's rates certainly but the volume and mix of the business because the volume that we're taking in is certainly being reinvested at far lower rates than would have been traditionally on the book. So that's kind of the view. We're not really updating the outlook given a lot of uncertainty over the next couple of quarters as we think about this. But I'd say the general trend, given where long rates are, you could see further pressure, a bit, on margins as you look out.

And it's Teri. Just to pick up on the similar theme. About half of the rate cuts would have worked their way through in Q2, and they've been fully worked through in Q3. There will be still downward pressure in the near term. Lower cards in the asset mix would be one contributor to that. And then over time, tractor repricing will play a role. But a lot of moving parts, but certainly more modest compression, we would think.

[Operator Instructions]. And the next question is from Gabriel Dechaine from National Bank Financial.

I forgot how to retract my question. I don't need to ask anything.

Okay. Good to hear from you, Gabe.

Just wanted to get on the record.

Hope you're doing well.

In that case, there are no more questions in the queue. At this time, I would like to turn the meeting over back to Mr. Bharat Masrani for closing remarks.

Thank you, Operator, and thank you all for joining us this afternoon. I'd say overall, quite happy with how the quarter has turned out, given the environment in which we are all living through. The performance has been good. Our businesses are doing what you'd expect us to do from TD. And we have strong capital levels, and we talked about that on the call, is also a good advantage for the bank to have. So overall, happy -- very happy with how things are turning out, happy from a relative perspective. I guess with the environment, nobody is happy. And hopefully, in the next 90 days, we are into a different situation. I would like to take the opportunity to thank my TD colleagues around the world. I mean they've done just a masterful job in adjusting to a very difficult environment, and they've been there to deliver for our customers and for the communities in which we live and work. So a big thank you to 90,000 strong TD bankers around the world. You make us feel proud as to what you do day in and day out. With that, again, thanks for joining us today, and we look forward to having another discussion 90 days from now. Thank you very much. Bye-bye.

Thank you. The conference has now ended. Please disconnect your lines at this time, and we thank you for your participation.