Earnings Labs

USA TODAY Co., Inc. (TDAY)

Q4 2012 Earnings Call· Mon, Feb 4, 2013

$7.40

+1.86%

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Transcript

Operator

Operator

Good day, everyone, and welcome to Gannett's Fourth Quarter 2012 Earnings Conference Call. This call is being recorded. [Operator Instructions] Our speaker for today will be Gracia Martore, President and CEO. At this time, I'd like to turn the call over to Jeff Heinz, Vice President, Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Jeffrey Heinz

Analyst

Thanks very much. Good morning, and welcome to our conference call and webcast. Today, our CEO, Gracia Martore; and Victoria Harker, our CFO, will review Gannett's fourth quarter and full year results. After their prepared remarks, we'll open the call for questions. Hopefully, you've had an opportunity to review this morning's press release. If you haven't read it, it's available at www.gannett.com. In addition to her report on the quarter, Gracia also will be updating you on the growth and capital allocation plan we announced in February of last year. I'd like to remind you that several presentations explaining the plan in detail are available on the Investor Relations section of our website. As we get started, I also need to remind you that this conference call and webcast include forward-looking statements. Our actual results may differ, and factors that may cause them to differ are outlined in our SEC filings. This presentation also includes certain non-GAAP financial measures. We have provided reconciliations of those measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures in the press release and on the Investor Relations portion of our website. With that, let me turn the call over to Gracia.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Thanks, Jeff, and thanks to all of you for joining us today, the morning after an elongated Super Bowl. As Jeff said, I'll start with a short review of the outstanding results we posted this quarter. I'll then turn to an update on our growth strategy, focusing on some of the key initiatives that are reshaping the company and positioning Gannett for success. One reminder before we get started. Our Publishing and Broadcasting results were impacted by an extra week in 2012 compared to 2011. That extra week is the last week of the fourth quarter. So while it makes the presentation a bit tough, we'll note what is included or excluded in the comparisons. So let's begin with some highlights of our strong fourth quarter results that reflect the successful execution of our strategy and the great work being done by all of our employees. First of all, we had a gain in total operating revenues of 5%, excluding the extra week in the quarter. Again, excluding that extra week, we achieved our first year-over-year company-wide revenue growth since 2006. Our Broadcasting business was a big contributor to that growth, thanks to a record level of political advertising that drove record revenues and profitability for the quarter. Company-wide circulation revenue, excluding the extra week again, increased almost 10% in the quarter, the second consecutive quarter of circulation revenue gains. The increases are being driven by the success of our new subscription model that we'll talk about in greater details in a few minutes. Digital segment revenues were up 3%, and company-wide digital revenues increased by 27% year-over-year, excluding the extra week. As a result, digital revenues across the company now account for 25% of total revenues. Operating expenses, excluding special items and excluding the extra week, were up just…

Victoria Dux Harker

Analyst

Thanks, Gracia, and good morning, everyone. To provide some additional color on the drivers of our financial results, I'll now provide a deeper dive on our segment's performance during the quarter. As Gracia noted, ongoing investments in several of the new initiatives impacted both Publishing and Broadcast segment reported results this quarter, as did the extra week. We've included reconciliations in our press release to help provide context for these impacts as well as other special items. In broad terms, during the fourth quarter, we incurred special item impacts of just over $118.4 million, or $0.45 per share, with the majority, or $114.6 million, impacting operating income, with an additional $3.8 million non-cash component reflecting a minority interest investment reduction, which impacts equity income alone. With that as backdrop, I'd now like to turn to a review of our drivers of our segment financial results for the quarter. During the fourth quarter, the Publishing segment benefited from a significant increase in circulation revenue, with the all-access subscription model driving nearly a 10% uptick in revenue. However, this was not enough to entirely offset a 6.5% decline in advertising, as some local and national businesses contracted marketing spend during the fourth quarter, anticipating the outcome of the year-end fiscal cliff. That said, it is important to note that on a sequential quarterly comparative basis, Publishing segment revenues were easily the best of the year and down only slightly 1.6% on a year-over-year basis, excluding the impacts of the extra week this year. We are very pleased to see this trend clearly moving in the right direction. To help calibrate the financial benefits that are being driven by the all-access content subscription model, I'd like to provide some additional color on its performance to date. Late in the fourth quarter, we completed…

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Thanks, Victoria. The new strategy we announced almost a year ago was designed to return Gannett to sustainable revenue growth while improving profitability and increasing shareholder value. We made great progress last year in implementing our strategy, and I am very confident we are on the right track. We're optimistic about the coming year, but we are also realistic about the broader economic environment. We know that like 2012, 2013 will also present challenges. We are ready to take them on, and we're also more than ready to work very hard to keep building on our momentum, achieving our goals and delivering on our promises. With that, thank you very much for joining us. And now we'll be happy to take your questions.

Operator

Operator

[Operator Instructions] And we'll take our first question from Doug Arthur with Evercore.

Douglas M. Arthur - Evercore Partners Inc., Research Division

Analyst

Yes, actually, 2 questions. Gracia, the 46,000 digital-only subs, is there any -- can you elaborate on what your experience has been with subscribers kind of who have been traditionally print-only? Do you have some hybrids where they've perhaps dropped print Monday through Friday but are getting it on the weekend and then taking the full access as well? I mean, can you sort of embellish on your subscriber experience in Digital? And then secondly, in terms of Q1 guidance on Broadcasting, any comments on kind of core x retrans?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Sure. Thanks for the 2 questions, Doug. Let me begin to answer the first one. And we've got Bob Dickey with us in the room, and I know he'll want to chime in. Let me just say that with respect to the 46,000 digital subscribers, as you know, we spent 2012 really focused almost entirely on taking the existing subscribers we had and rolling them into our new model. We did not spend any marketing dollars or really, any time focusing on then developing new additional digital subscribers. We happen to have 46,000 of them as a result of the word that got out in the market. We have said that we expect in 2013, and we are in 2013, going to be spending not inconsequential marketing dollars and really focusing on ramping up that level of digital -- digital-only subscribers, because those subscribers tend to be younger and therefore, more attractive in some ways to advertisers. And so our goal in 2013 is to increase that, I think, 46,000 number to 250,000 to 300,000 subs by the end of the year. But Bob, do you want to add anything more specifically to...

Robert J. Dickey

Analyst

Yes. Doug, to your question about shift, happy to report, to date, we have not yet seen any real significant movement from 7-day to 4-day or to Sunday-only. Certainly, there's been some of that. Consumers now have the choice. But so far, as we get moving into the first wave, which will cycle next month, we've not seen significant movement. We're within the projections we expected on the Sunday and daily home deliveries volume side, and we're doing slightly better on the single copy side. Certainly, something we'll want to continue to manage. We watch it closely. And we're very, very happy with our e-edition, the replica. The traffic there has been a pleasant surprise. It's growing stronger than we anticipated, and we think there's some things we can market there as well.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

And to the second part of your question, Doug, with respect to the first quarter. As we said, probably the area that we have the best visibility is on the Broadcast side, and we're looking at good follow-through in the first quarter. I think what we're expecting is, on the core ad revenue side, something in the 4% to 5% growth for the quarter. So a continuation. And that's not just in auto, although auto continues to be quite strong. But that's spread across a number of categories in the first quarter. On the print side, it's really early. January is our smallest month and the smallest quarter of the year so we don't gain a lot of good visibility. As Bob said, we're tracking very well on the circulation side of that, and circulation now is a good 1/3 of our revenues on our local domestic publishing side. So that's a nice boost and that, I think, will continue to be a good factor for us. Advertising -- I think the year started with that week change. It started -- a little bit of uncertainty around fiscal cliff again and all those kinds of interesting things. I think we'll know better as we progress through the quarter. But we haven't seen anything thus far that makes us believe that we're not going to be -- to achieve some of the goals that we've set out for ourselves for the first quarter. I think on the USA TODAY front, we're actually seeing some pretty good traction on the print side of advertising on USA TODAY. So, feel a little bit better. And it's only been a few months since we relaunched USA TODAY. And so it's going to take a little time for the traction, especially on the new digital platforms, to take hold. But we're already seeing good progress on video views and a number of other metrics on the digital side that give us good confidence that, as the year progresses, we're going to see good follow-through on those numbers. And Newsquest is starting out as we would always expect Newsquest to do. They'll do what they need to do. And they've done some work on the circulation side as well. And they're -- based on their early results from that, they're going to be accelerating the rollout of that program. So we feel good about what Newsquest is going to accomplish. Now Victoria did mention some kind of one-off items. Obviously, different challenges that we have in the first quarter compared to the first quarter of last year. So we obviously have those to deal with. We're pleased, on the one hand, that we're not doing furloughs, but that's obviously an impact of $8 million year-over-year and all the other little pieces that Victoria mentioned.

Operator

Operator

We'll go next to Craig Huber with Huber Research Partners.

Craig Huber

Analyst

I have a few housekeeping questions, please. In the quarter, Gracia, what was the daily and circulation -- daily and some of the circulation volume percent change year-over-year for the U.S. Community Publishing? And also, I was wondering, on the pension side, how did that end for the year? It was underfunded [ph] status -- how much do you anticipate potentially putting to that plan this year? I have a follow-up, too.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

On the circulation side, as Bob mentioned, the numbers are coming on track as to what we expected. We -- let me just refresh your memories that we had indicated that we expected, on daily home delivery and Sunday home delivery, that -- over and above the existing trend that we had, that we expected that we would probably see about a mid-single-digit, 5%, 6% further decline. And on home delivery in the fourth quarter, it was down about a little over 9%. And on the Sunday side, again, in that 9% -- 9%-ish range. So right on track of what we were anticipating. On single copy, as Bob mentioned in the fourth quarter, we actually saw better numbers than we expected. We had talked about, last February, that we expected to see declines potentially in the 30% range. Those declines at this point are about 1/2 of what we had anticipated. So I think total U.S. Community Publishing in the fourth quarter, volumes down in that 11% range. And on the Sunday side, not a dissimilar range as well, but right on track with where we expected. Anything else?

Craig Huber

Analyst

And then the pension, please?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Oh, the pension side.

Craig Huber

Analyst

Yes, I'm sorry, the pension.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Yes. We actually had a terrific performance on the pension side. We had a return of about 12.6% for the year. But as you can expect, with interest rates continuing to fall, our discount rate is down I think about 90 basis points. But net-net, I think our funding is going to be pretty much in the same order. Victoria, we funded about what, $90-some-odd million last year?

Victoria Dux Harker

Analyst

About $94 million. Yes.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

And then we did another contribution...

Victoria Dux Harker

Analyst

End of year. And at this point, we will evaluate next year. But we're fully funded, as we had anticipated, by 12/31.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Not fully funded. We're about 95%...

Victoria Dux Harker

Analyst

95% to the [indiscernible] point. Right.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Based on those -- on the current rules.

Craig Huber

Analyst

So what is the risk underfunded status, please? And again, what are you expecting to put into it this year?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Well, we did that $50 million contribution, and that's all we have to do. In fact, it's more than what we had to do from a mandatory standpoint. With the pension relief regulations, that required us to contribute less. We may look at voluntary contributions as the year progresses, but we have completed our funding -- our mandatory funding for the year. And I think our -- we haven't finalized the numbers yet on the ERISA funding. But I -- my assumption is based on the good performance, the contributions we made, offset by the discount rate that the funding level was going to be pretty close to where it was today, and it'll probably be in that 95% range again.

Craig Huber

Analyst

And then also, what was the auto percent change for TV in the quarter? And how's that looking so far this quarter? And if I also could just squeeze another one in here. For your Digital segment, I think you -- the extra week, was that -- did you not have an extra week in the quarter which just didn't have an impact at all in the Digital segment?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Yes. In our Digital segment, those are our businesses that we acquired. And when they came on, they were on monthly calendars. So we didn't change them to a 5-4-4 calendar. So that's why they just have monthly numbers, and they don't have the extra week. On the automotive side, I think Dave Lougee is here, and he can probably give us all the nits and nats on that.

David T. Lougee

Analyst

Craig, to your question, I think it was about fourth quarter and first quarter. Fourth -- first quarter -- fourth quarter, remember, was impacted by the displacement that was alluded to earlier. So I think the more key number was December when it was a pure quarter without the impact of political, and that ended up a plus 15%, in that neighborhood. And in the first quarter, it's pacing nicely as well. We've got some ups and downs because of the Super Bowl being a January event this year and a February event last year. But again, when you look at March, it's, I think, right around 20% right now. So it remains strong. But it's actually nice to see that our strength is a little bit broader than just auto, like it was early last year.

Operator

Operator

And we'll take our next question from John Janedis with UBS.

John Janedis - UBS Investment Bank, Research Division

Analyst · UBS.

Gracia, you've done obviously a great job in growing digital advertising, but that obviously tends to lead to increased competition. So what are you seeing from some of the larger digital-centric players? And is there any way technology advancements can dull your advantage of having feet in the street?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst · UBS.

On the Digital side, and let me sort of hone in first on our Digital Marketing Services side. There's certainly a lot of competition, as we have said, of companies that offer one product. So lots of people offer daily deals, but that's their product. Lots of people offer search engine optimization, but that's their product. For Gannett, we offer a full suite of products in our Digital Marketing Services side. And that's what I think is a huge advantage to us, combined with the fact that we have great relationships and those feet on the street that you alluded to. We have the ability to talk to customers in those markets on an ongoing, regular basis. They trust us to come to us to solve their problems and, when we can provide them with a full suite of Digital Marketing Services products, be consultative to them. That's a huge advantage. And our products aren't second-class products. They're first-class products. And with the addition of BLiNQ and with the addition of Key Ring, we're already beginning to integrate those products. And our folks at BLiNQ see real opportunities to do some things on the social media front with a variety of our locations, as well as on the Key Ring side. We're going to be able to do promotion across all of our platforms internally for Key Ring in the second quarter, using our media to accelerate their progress. So I actually think that all of the advantages we've had -- and I will tell you, I don't think we're second to anyone from a technology platform -- some of the technology platforms we've put in place. So I feel really good about our ability to compete as effectively, if not more effectively, than a lot of the insurgents that are just one-product shops.

John Janedis - UBS Investment Bank, Research Division

Analyst · UBS.

Maybe 2 quick housekeeping questions to follow up. One is, Victoria, just to clarify, is the $35 million to $40 million in initiatives spend, is that a step back from the $74 million? Or was that on top of it?

Victoria Dux Harker

Analyst · UBS.

We have an embedded base of costs that we're obviously continuing to invest to support our marketing tools, as well as our training, as well as the new -- the customers that we have acquired or -- now on digital. So that's incremental to the $35 million to $40 million that I was talking about. The $35 million to $40 million obviously is new spending against initiatives, which -- we were just breaking it out to make sure that there's clarity [indiscernible] on that.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst · UBS.

Just to add 2 things on that, John. On the investment that Victoria just talked about on customer service, you have to remember that we've permanently increased our customer service functions. It used to be our customers called us for vacation stops, or the paper was wet at the end of their driveway. Now they're calling us about multiple platforms with multiple questions. So there is a level of customer service that we believe we need to provide that is much greater than it was before, and we also want to provide great customer service. So very important to us as we continue to focus on that, to have embedded a much better customer service function and a much broader one. I think as well that when I look at Digital Marketing Services, as we've explained, we're very excited about how that initiative is shaping up. We, in fact, believe that in the intermediate term, there's even more opportunity in our Digital Marketing Services initiative than we even thought when we looked at it in February of last year. But what that means is that we are accelerating some investment in that. And so the margins aren't going to be where they would be, given that we think that what we're sacrificing in the short term is some margin, but what we're going to get in the long term is a much bigger and more robust business. So that's why we're doing the things we're doing. That's why we're making the investments that we're making.

Victoria Dux Harker

Analyst · UBS.

And just to look at the capital side of things, as I had talked about earlier. Obviously, we had a significant portion of our spend this year in 2012, targeted on the new initiatives and some of the digital development, and even greater percentage next year. So as we continue to enhance and define and refine what we have already delivered on, some of that is going to be embedded in CapEx and additional tools and development. So it's not just on the operating side from an investment perspective, it's also on the capital side.

John Janedis - UBS Investment Bank, Research Division

Analyst · UBS.

Okay. One last quick one if you don't mind. Just on the content subscription model, Gracia, based on when the model was rolled out, should we assume circulation revenue growth will peak in the third quarter?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst · UBS.

Let's think. It's -- so it's going to be sometime between the second and third quarters. I can't give you the precise moment because we had some larger units go to the model a little bit later in the year. So it's going to be somewhere between the second and third quarter. Bob, I don't know if you want to add anything?

Robert J. Dickey

Analyst · UBS.

Yes. Third quarter more than second quarter.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst · UBS.

Yes.

Operator

Operator

We'll go next to William Bird with Lazard Capital.

William G. Bird - Lazard Capital Markets LLC, Research Division

Analyst

Gracia, your financial leverage is pretty light. What are your thoughts on adding leverage to the balance sheet?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Well, I love to hear that you all think our financial leverage is light. That's great news. We think we've done a pretty terrific job of having what I consider to be a fortress balance sheet. We're blessed with an enormous amount of free cash flow. Our goal is always to invest that wisely. And so we have the ability, really, to continue to invest in the initiatives that Victoria and I were just talking about, continue to return additional dollars to our shareholders, either through share repurchases or dividends, as we did last February and as we said we would, as we see increasing earnings and cash flow down the road, and also to continue to pay down debt. We think that there are some investment opportunities out there that potentially could be additive, but we will always approach all of that with the same discipline we always have, with strict financial discipline. So I think we're in a wonderful position, given where our balance sheet is, to do all of those things. And on the share repurchase and dividend front, as we said in December, early December, we'll take a look at that very -- as we do every quarter, but we'll take a look at that again very, very carefully in the July time frame, mid-year time frame, and evaluate it.

Operator

Operator

We'll go next to Alexia Quadrani with JPMorgan. Alexia S. Quadrani - JP Morgan Chase & Co, Research Division: Just following up on your earlier comments about the digital sub growth, going from about 46,000 to the 250,000 or 300,000 range. Is it -- is there any kind of larger markets that are still locked up in subscriptions that are probably going to roll off, and that will help bump up that number? Or is it really going to be mostly on the marketing initiatives you've talked about, in terms of what's going to drive that?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Well, remember, we are not saying digital-only subscribers are people that were home delivery subscribers and now are no longer taking home delivery and are taking digital-only. These are new subscribers, digital-only subscribers that we haven't had for some period of time. Bob, why don't you add to that?

Robert J. Dickey

Analyst

Yes. Right now, about 2/3 of where we're at are new. About 1/3 of those were former subscribers that came back to us with a digital-only offering. So going forward, Gracia is right. We're really focused on generating new customers. And so it's not a reflection of where we are with the print subscription cycle. These are new marketing efforts that we're rolling out as we speak.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

So the first step, Alexia, was taking all of our existing subscribers and converting them to the new model and retaining them and realizing higher revenues. We have, for the most part, accomplished that. Obviously, we had some larger papers that rolled out in the fourth quarter that will have to go through the cycle of 13 weeks and other things like that. But the focus on -- in 2013 is on retention of those, as well as a real focus on now bringing on new digital-only subscribers. We certainly will be happy to take on new print subscribers, but our focus is to take on new digital-only subscribers, and that's where our focus is going to be in 2013. Alexia S. Quadrani - JP Morgan Chase & Co, Research Division: So the large majority of that incremental sub growth should be from new subscribers?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Yes. Yes. Alexia S. Quadrani - JP Morgan Chase & Co, Research Division: And just a quick follow-up on your comments in USA TODAY. I guess any updates on what you've seen since the redesign? And any positive spillover maybe to the print copy? And any general sense, if you can just provide it on, I guess, what the revenue split is between your digital and the print at USA TODAY?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Yes. I would say that the feedback we have gotten -- and Larry Kramer was just sending me a couple of emails over the weekend. The feedback we're getting has been actually very, very strong on the print side. We have always had, for instance, a very strong sports focus. I will tell you, I think that what the USA TODAY Sports Media Group has done with our sports content in the print product, as well as online, has been nothing short of spectacular. And advertisers are taking notice. And so I think what we're going to see is we're going to see even more traction than we've already had in growing that. I think we've seen page views go up. We've seen video triple, video streams triple. So I think we've seen a lot of pieces, but it's still very early in this process. And as we said, it's true about USA TODAY as it's true about Gannett. This wasn't a 1- or 2-quarter transformation. This is a multi-year transformation. And I'd say that where we stand with USA TODAY right now is we are getting great feedback on the print side. We're getting terrific feedback on our digital platforms. I think we've made a lot of great enhancements. I think our sports vertical is going to be a good one for us. I think our travel work that we're doing is going to bear fruit. But it doesn't just bear fruit in one quarter, it's going to take a little time. And we expect to see some really good traction as the year progresses. Alexia S. Quadrani - JP Morgan Chase & Co, Research Division: And do you disclose how much of the revenue there is split between, I guess, the print and the digital?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

We really don't.

Operator

Operator

We'll go next to Joan Lappin with Gramercy Capital.

Joan E. Lappin - Gramercy Capital Management Corp.

Analyst

I'd like you to talk, if you would, more about acquisition. You did a CareerBuilder add-on. Do you -- should we look for more of those? You said you want to build Broadcast. Does that imply you would buy other stations? In the sports area, where you're making such a pronounced push, and you did buy a number of properties over the last 18 months, could we look for more there? And just in general, what are you looking for in acquisitions? What are you willing to spend on acquisitions? Would you do a huge acquisition, as the previous person commented, that your balance sheet is so much improved? And also -- I mean, this is sort of related to how you spend money. If you could just explain how you decide what's a better investment for shareholders, buying back shares or paying a dividend?

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Sure. That's a lot of questions, but let me try to answer them as best I can. As I said earlier, we are blessed with an incredibly strong balance sheet and a lot of free cash flow. We have made a number of bolt-on acquisitions and investments this year in some of the very areas that you've talked about: in sports, where we did some small acquisitions that helped us to take the number -- to be in the top 5 of digital media -- sports digital media properties; other additional things that we would look at in the sports vertical; potentially in the travel vertical; in our Digital Marketing Services, where we did BLiNQ and Mobestream Key Ring. So those kinds of acquisitions we certainly are focused on, where they fill in gaps or they give us capabilities that we perhaps haven't had or can propel us or accelerate our ability to get there versus our -- creating it ourselves internally. So we'll continue to do -- look at and continue to do those kinds of acquisitions, assuming they make good financial sense for the company. On the CareerBuilder side, as you recall, we bought an additional 10% of CareerBuilder back in -- I think it was late 2008 or early 2009, and that gave us control of CareerBuilder. And that was a very important piece for us. We were able to get it at a very attractive price, given the backdrop of the economy at that point, and the sellers' need to raise some cash at that particular moment. At this point, we love CareerBuilder. We think it's a great asset. But for us to invest further, it merely comes down to a question of running the math and seeing whether it makes economic sense for us to…

Joan E. Lappin - Gramercy Capital Management Corp.

Analyst

Okay. And the only thing you didn't reply to, out of that long list, was how you decide share repurchase versus increasing the dividend.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

I think Victoria can give you chapter and verse on that.

Victoria Dux Harker

Analyst

And we've got a fairly disciplined process here by which we actually look at a couple of different ways of evaluating -- but primarily looking at some of the parts relative to, in any given period of time, particularly at the quarter, relative to where we think we are trading and what a discount to the market looks like at that point and then what the other alternatives are in terms of use of cash from an allocation standpoint. And we'd look at it in a fairly granular level. Obviously, we're tracking the new investments fairly closely. So those are the kinds of metrics we look at and then make the decision relative to what is the best of use of capital, cash in particular, before we go to make buy back in a particular quarter.

Gracia C. Martore

Analyst

Thanks, Joan, very much for the question. I think we are at one minute past 11, so I think we should probably wrap it up. Thank you all for joining us. If you have any additional questions, I know that you can reach Jeff Heinz. He's at (703) 854-6917. Thanks very much for listening, and have a wonderful day.

Operator

Operator

This does conclude today's conference. Thank you for your participation.