Welcome to Talphera’s Second Quarter 2024 Financial Results Conference Call. This call is being webcasted live via the events page of the Investors section of Talphera's website at www.talphera.com. This call is the property of Talphera and any recording, reproduction, or transmission of this call without the express written consent of Talphera is prohibited. As a reminder, this webcast is being recorded. You may listen to a replay of this webcast by going to the investors section of Talphera's website. I would now like to turn the call over to Raffi Asadorian, Talphera's Chief Financial Officer.

Thank you for joining us on the call today. This afternoon, we announced our second quarter 2024 financial results and associated business updates in a press release. This press release can be found within the Investors section of our website. With me today are Vince Angotti, our Chief Executive Officer, and Dr. Pam Palmer, Talphera’s Founder and Chief Medical Officer. Before we begin, I want to remind listeners that during this call, we will make forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Federal Securities Laws. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties regarding the operations and future results of Talphera. Please refer to our press release in addition to the company's periodic, current, and annual reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for a discussion of the risks associated with such forward-looking statements. These documents can be found on our website within the Investors section. I will now hand the call over to Vince.

Thank you, Raffi. Good afternoon, and thank you for joining us on the call. Before jumping into the updates for the quarter, I'd like to congratulate Dr. Palmer on her decision to retire this coming October. Pam was the Co-Founder and Chief Medical Officer of the company, as well as a dedicated leader for nearly two decades. Dr. Palmer is a renowned physician, pioneer, and longtime entrepreneur with a mission to improve care for patients in the medically supervised setting. Pam has made her mark in the world of pharmaceuticals and healthcare and mentored countless people along the way who will continue her legacy. While she may be retiring, Dr. Palmer will continue to advise Talphera and support Dr. Aslam until the NEPHRO study has been completed and the potential FDA approval of Niyad is received. So please join me in wishing her all the best in her retirement. I'm happy to report that we now have multiple site screening patients in the study. We had a busy quarter continuing to work through the administrative processes encountered at the academic institutions where the NEPHRO study will be conducted, and we have finalized clinical trial agreement terms now with eight large academic institutions, including our potentially highest enrolling sites. The final four site initiation visits of these initial eight institutions are scheduled to be completed this month. While each institution has had their own unique upfront administrative activities, once enrolling, we do not expect additional delays as the protocol dictates how the study is conducted. Niyad’s breakthrough designation has continued to prove valuable in our interactions with the FDA. Our ongoing real-time communications with the FDA regarding the study have been efficient and we expect this to continue as we progress the study over the coming months. For example, we recently…

Thanks, Vince. We continue to control operating expenses while prioritizing investments that will facilitate the timely filing of our Niyad PMA. This emphasis on expense containment has helped us close the second quarter with $14 million in cash and investments. Our cash operating expenses or combined R&D and SG&A expenses excluding non-cash stock-based compensation of $0.2 million in the second quarter, totaled $4 million, compared to $3.8 million last year. While we incurred certain expenses related to the NEPHRO CRRT study in the second quarter, we expect these costs will increase for the remaining quarters of the year as study enrollment accelerates. The estimated range of cash operating expenses for the year has been reduced to $19 million to $21 million from the previous range of $21 million to $23 million accordingly. As mentioned earlier, we plan on amending the date of the planned second closing from our January 2024 financing that was contingent upon achieving the pivotal trial milestone by September 30 of this year. We expect this amendment to be completed before filing our next quarter 10-Q. I’ll now turn the call back to Vince.

Thanks Raffi. I'd now like to open the lineup for any questions you might have. Liwei?

Thank you so much. And ladies and gentlemen we will now begin the question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] And our first question comes from the line of Ed Arce of H.C. Wainwright. Your line is now open.

Hi, thanks for taking my questions and congrats on the progress. I have a couple of questions, but first, I just wanted to add my congratulations to Pam. I've been covering the company for 12 years now, worked with Pam since the very beginning, and wanted to offer my hearty congratulations to a very well-deserved retirement.

Thanks, Ed.

You're very welcome. So, I know it's coming up in the next call for the timeline update, but I wanted to get a sense for where we are now, if possible, in terms of the number of patients that have completed the study or perhaps and/or patients that have been screened to date to go into the study.

I can help answer that. This is Vince. So as it relates to screening, the screening has just begun within the last several weeks and primarily done at what I'll call our lower enrollment potential sites. These sites were selected because of the quality of the care at their particular institutions. And in particular, you might say why would you have a lower potential enrolling site vault? The quality of the PI at these sites and the diversity of patients at these sites, which makes them by nature lower enrolling potential. Dr. Palmer, maybe you can comment on the characteristics of the patients at these particular sites?

Yeah, they just happen to be the ones that got up and running more quickly. But these -- yes, these particular sites, I mean, we need to see Niyad's efficacy and safety in a sort of broad spectrum of patients, different ICU, surgical ICU, medical ICU, patients with liver failure, younger patients, younger adults versus older adults. And so these two sites were put in the mix for that reason. They just happened to get up and running more quickly than the others, but we're not expecting a lot of patients from them. So even though they have started pre-screening and screening, they're -- we're not -- the more recently screening site that we've gotten up and running is considered to be a much big heavy hitter.

Yes, I think importantly to your point on that, while no one has completed the study, the third site that Dr. Palmer mentioned that just came up to become enrollment ready and screening over the course of, I think it's the last week and a half to two weeks, the first day after started screening patients. So they immediately got on to the PI is highly involved and excited about the study. And the balance of our sites are all the highest enrolling sites, and they all should complete their site initiation visits this month as scheduled and be enrollment ready as they go by the close of this month. And then we'll start to really see the ramp in the cadence on the screening versus completions.

Okay, that's helpful. Two others, if I may. These are for Raffi. I think you mentioned in your prepared remarks that the cost for the remainder of the year -- operating costs would be expected to increase, which is as one would expect with an enrolling Phase 3. Wondering if there's any sort of quantitative color that you could provide on OpEx? And then the other question was around the financing and I missed what exactly you said about September and what's happening there in your plans to refinance that? Thanks.

Yes, sure. So the new guidance for the year we reduced, this is for cash operating expenses, has been reduced to $19 million to $21 million. So if you take that $19 million, we've had about $8 million year-to-date. So we can expect around $11 million for the close of the second half for cash operating expenses given that range. So it increases a bit from the -- we've got about $4 million of cash operating expenses in the previous for each quarter $4 million for Q1, about $4 million for Q2. So expect that to increase if you forecast that pretty evenly that remaining $11 million for the second half of the year. Does that answer that question?

Yes, that's helpful. Thanks.

Okay. And in terms of the Nantahala, the amendment, the focus here really is to work on amending that date. And we've already had some initial discussions, but amending that September 30th date to a new date that works for both parties in terms of the study completion and announcement to get to that pivotal trial milestone. I don't want to forecast what that date will be, but that's the real focus on our discussions with Nantahala to get that done as kind of the first priority.

I now make a comment about Nantahala just quickly. I just want to remind you, they're on our board. Avi Jain is representative of Nantahala and they're highly active with the management team and in the know on how the study is being conducted and the pace. So there's very good alignment.

Which has been very helpful to have with them.

Got it. Thanks for all the perspective. Appreciate it.

Sure.

Thank you so much. And your next question comes from the line of Naz Rahman and Maxim Group. Your line is now open.

Hi, thanks for taking my questions. First, I also want to extend my congratulations to Dr. Palmer on her work and her well-earned retirement. I just have a couple of questions if I may. So, seeing how you mentioned that you're expanding the number of study sites to 14, what gives you confidence that you could initiate the new and additional sites in a timely manner? Do you think you can get that done by the end of 2024 considering what happened to the prior sites and how long do you think it would take to initiate the additional sites?

Yes, I think that's a really good question and a couple things, then I'm going to turn it over to Dr. Palmer. So I think it's important to understand why we did that with the FDA. And while we've got eight sites now that we feel are prepared to be enrollment ready by the close of this month, and again, I'll emphasize the highest enrolling sites, the highest potentially enrolling sites within that group occurring in August. We've always been sourcing sites to get up to the original 10. And so, of course, you've sourced many more sites than that. I think what we've learned along the way is that, the facilitation of the contracting process and administrative process in combination with the quality of the sites is the key element moving forward. So, Dr. Palmer, maybe you can comment that what we've learned today and how we're going to apply that to the next set of sites. And I do believe that we might not have them all up and rolling by the end of the year, and they likely won't affect the first half of enrollment. We certainly expect them to affect the second half of the 166 patient enrollment.

Yes, it's really an insurance policy. I mean, our site feasibility questionnaire is, we're focused around volume of CRRT patients, the type of CRRT patients at these different academic centers. And this new set of sites that we're evaluating is really going to be focusing not only on that, but on the rapid ability to contract and budget. That is just absolutely critical for them to be able to quickly get on board and give us an insurance policy so that the last half of the enrollment will be a lot faster than the first half.

All right. Just on that point, could you, I guess, give more color or context around the scale of these additional sites? Are they closer to, like, the high enrollment sites or closer to, I guess, the lower enrollment quantity sites?

No, definitely the higher, but it's not just their CRRT volume and their ability to enroll, but it's also going -- we're going to be selecting for rapid paperwork processing universities, sites that really can streamline that.

We've already started our initial contact with an additional 20 sites. So we're going out pretty large to funnel it down to get to the ultimate 14 number. And again, they -- early assessment is, they know fairly quickly and respond fairly quickly where the contracting process can be facilitated in an expedited manner or not.

Got it. Thanks for taking my questions. And once again, congrats on your retirement, Dr. Palmer.

Thank you.

Thank you so much. And our next question comes from the line of James Molloy of Alliance Global Partners. Your line is now open.

Hey guys, thank you for taking my questions. Congratulations Dr. Palmer on your retirement as well. Can you walk through a little bit, I don't know if Dr. Aslam is on the call. I'd love to get his thoughts on the changes that were instituted on coming in to sort of get this thing going, hopefully in the near term. And then I think you highlighted the eight sites being the highest enrolling sites. What does that mean since no one's been enrolled yet?

Yes, so I can comment on the last part. So it's a total of eight sites. The final four site initiation visits are occurring this month, meaning, August. So then there'll be enrollment ready. All of these final sites, they are the highest enrolling sites. So there'll be enrollment ready by the close. Our goal is by the close of August. The first initial sites that are now.

What do highest enrolling sites mean in a trial that hasn't enrolled anybody? I don't mean to pick on it. But what do you mean highest enrolling sites? You think they'll be the highest enrolling?

Yes. Well, these are the non-specialty sites. So as we mentioned earlier, the initial two of the three are specialty sites that are focused on maybe cardiothoracic surgery, maybe younger patients where the patient flow is going to be much lower and the screening process in volumes can be much lower. The balance of these sites are unlike those two original sites, where the volumes in both screening and enrollment will be higher just based off of the pure patient population that they have that fits our criteria. Also based off of the feasibility of the study parameters that they filled out in order to be included within the study. So that's according to them and our assessment of them. Beyond that, I think your question Jim was, what are some of the changes or modifications that might have been occurred since Dr. Aslam has joined the company. Dr. Palmer?

He's not on the call.

Yes, and he's not on the call.

He's not on the call this time. But yes, he is really -- he knows some of these folks. He comes from this world. I'm an anesthesiologist pain specialist. He is a nephrologist, knows CRRT extensively and knows a lot of folks in this area. So he's really handholding a lot of these sites and getting them -- just pushing and urging and getting them through this contracting budgeting phase so that we can get on to the more fun enrollment part of things. So -- and that's just a critical part of this is relationships and just his deep knowledge in this field.

Jim, did that answer your question on the first part of your question though? I want to make sure we answer that in terms of highest enrolling, because the highest enrolling haven't started screening yet. That's coming at the close of this month. Is that -- just make sure we're answering that question.

Yes, I guess the highest enrolling is sort of an aspirational name for them. I get to think they will be the highest enrolling once you start enrolling.

Well, I can give you an idea. Based on the feasibility study, these particular institutions feel they have the ability at 400% times what I'll call the low enrolling sites would be?

Yes, there is site questionnaire, yes. I mean all the sites had to fill out their feasibility questionnaires at the beginning of the study and these were the ones that we asked, how many CRRT patients are you seeing per week that would fit the inclusion-exclusion criteria of the protocol. So we already knew ahead of time, again, just a little bit unlucky, that the two sites that we knew would be low-enrolling happened just to be the ones that got up and running first.

So it's not our guess, Jim. This is based on their feedback to us and the questionnaires that we sent to them when we get this process started with an institution. Does that make sense?

Yes, yes. I guess in that respect it does. I appreciate very much the clarification, gentlemen and lady.

I think it's also important, Jim, that you might ask, and if I was an investor or someone who evaluates. So why would you, again, and we'll read it, why would you include potentially some lower enrolling sites? It's again because of the quality of the PI, the influence of the PIs, their involvement with international guidelines and domestic guidelines. The fact that they are the key thought leaders in this, even though they might have a smaller patient population that is streaming to their particular facility. That's one. And two, with some of these, in particular these two, they give you the diversity of patients that I think will be important in the data set. It is interesting, as Dr. Palmer mentioned, of these two more unique sites, that they were the first two up and ready to screen.

Thank you very much.

Thank you, Jim.

Thank you so much. And there are no further questions at this time. I would like to turn it over to Vince Angotti for closing remarks.

Yes. Thank you, Liwei. And again, thanks to all of you who are joining us today and for your continued support. We remain absolutely focused on controlling our spend and driving shareholder value through the execution of the NEPHRO study and to make Niyad available to healthcare providers and their patients, again, if approved. Please feel free to contact us after the call if you have any additional questions and we look forward to sharing our future developments. We have high expectations moving forward. Thank you.

Thank you, ladies and gentlemen. This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participation. You may now disconnect. Have a good day.