Good afternoon, and welcome to the Trevi Therapeutics Third Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants will be in listen-only mode. [Operator Instructions] After today's presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. [Operator Instructions] Please note this event is being recorded. Various remarks that management makes during this conference call about the company's future expectations, plans and prospects constitute forward-looking statements for purposes of the safe harbor provisions under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Actual results may differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements as a result of various important factors including those discussed in the Risk Factors section of the company's most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q, which the company filed with the SEC this afternoon. In addition, any forward-looking statements represent the company's views only as of today and should not be relied upon as representing the company's views as of any subsequent date. While the company may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, the company specifically disclaims any obligation to do so even if its views change. I would now like to turn the conference call over to Jennifer Good, Trevi’s President and CEO. Please go ahead.

Good afternoon, and thank you for joining us for our third quarter 2024 earnings call and business update. Joining me today on this call are my colleagues, Lisa Delfini, Trevi’s Chief Financial Officer; and Dr. James Cassella, Trevi’s Chief Development Officer. I will give an update on our trials and upcoming data milestones and Lisa will give a brief financial update. Then the three of us are happy to answer any questions. First, I would like to take a minute and introduce you to Jim Cassella, who has recently joined our leadership team as our Chief Development Officer. As some of you may know, Jim has been on our Board of Directors for the past four years and has been a valuable advisor to me in that role. Jim has a deep background in neuroscience drug development with over 35 years working specifically on CNS therapies. Prior to joining Trevi, Jim served as CDO for Concert Pharmaceuticals, which was acquired by Sun Pharma in 2023, where he led the development activities, resulting in the successful U.S. FDA approval of the autoimmune JAK inhibitor Leqselvi. Prior to joining Concert, Jim was EVP, Research and Development and CSO at Alexza Pharmaceuticals from 2004 to 2015 where he was responsible for the U.S. and European approval of the CNS drug Adasuve. Jim received a PhD in Physiological Psychology from Dartmouth College and completed a postdoctoral fellowship in the Department of Psychiatry at the Yale School of Medicine. Jim brings a wealth of development experience to Trevi, including Phase 3 and recent regulatory approval experience, which will be invaluable as we advance into late-stage development. He joins Trevi at an exciting time as we read out important studies over the upcoming months and prepare for Phase 3 pivotal trials and NDA submission. So welcome…

Thank you, Jennifer and good afternoon everyone. The full financial results for the three months ended September 30, 2024 can be found in our press release issued ahead of this call and our 10-Q, which was filed with the SEC today after the market closed. For the third quarter of 2024, we reported a net loss of $13.2 million compared to a net loss of $7.7 million for the same quarter in 2023. R&D expenses were $11.2 million during the third quarter of 2024 compared to $6.3 million in the same quarter of 2023. The increase in R&D spend reflects the significant clinical development activity Jennifer just discussed, including continued enrollment in our CORAL trial in chronic cough and IPF, the final full quarter of enrollment in the RIVER trial in RCC, and the final full quarter of dosing in the HAP trial. G&A expenses were $2.9 million during the third quarter of 2024 compared to $2.7 million in the same period of 2023, primarily due to an increase in stock-based compensation expense and importantly demonstrating the control of overhead expenses, which we continue to be mindful of. As of September 30, 2024, our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities totaled $65.5 million compared to $83 million as of December 31, 2023. Our current expectation is that our cash burn for 2024, excluding proceeds from share issuances and interest and investment income, will be between $41 million and $43 million in line with our previous guidance. We now project cash runway into the second half of 2026, more than a year past all current projected data readouts. This concludes our prepared remarks. I will now turn the call back over to the operator for Q&A.

Thank you. [Operator Instructions] And the first question will be from Faisal Khurshid from Leerink. Please go ahead.

Hey everyone, thank you for taking the question. Also, just wanted to say welcome to Jim and congrats on the new hire. So for the…

Thanks so much.

Yes. And since on the half, can you clarify, like, what is your expectation for butorphanol drug liking and what's the evidence that supports that? And also totally hear your point that drug scheduling considers the entire eight factor analysis. But what do you want to see from nalbuphine in the HAP to support an unscheduled designation as opposed to a potential Schedule IV?

Thank you, Faisal. I'm going to let Jim go ahead and take that.

Yes. So thank you. It's nice to meet you and pleasure to be here for sure. So, these are complicated studies and they involve, experts running these things with subjects who have experience with the drug. Butorphanol is a drug that is scheduled for and has been abused by subjects. So we don't think we're – well, we have to have patients qualify or subjects qualify to get into the study with butorphanol in a qualification period. So we are setting limits on their entry into the study where they have to have a certain criteria reached in an absolute sense, as well as having a differentiation from placebo. So we know we're going to have effects on butorphanol or from butorphanol in the study, and that is the part of the protocol that has been approved by the FDA. So when we look at this study and it's in the context of looking at scheduling in total, at the end of the day, this study is really designed to look at a number of things. With the primary endpoint, which is the VAS drug liking scale. We're looking to determine study validity by showing that butorphanol does differentiate from placebo and there's a fixed criteria of at least 15 points for that. We'll be looking at the relative abuse liability in terms of nalbuphine versus butorphanol, and in that, we'll be able to see if there is a lower relative abuse potential for nalbuphine by pre-specified statistical endpoints determined and approved by the review by the FDA. And importantly, we'll be looking at the absolute abuse potential for nalbuphine in relationship to placebo. So in that case we are able to determine within an equivalence margin that has been preset and again reviewed and approved by the FDA of 11 points within the placebo arm. We'll be able to determine for each dose whether or not we are significantly within that 11 point range from placebo. And if we are, then we'll be able to make a statement that we do not produce an abuse related signal compared to placebo. So those are the three outcomes using the primary efficacy endpoint of drug liking. And we'll be able to take it from there as we look at the further evidence from the other endpoints in the study and put that in relationship to the whole package that we'll need to put in front of the FDA. That includes other things like experience from our other clinical trials and the other things that Jennifer has referred to from the most recent DSS [ph] analysis of nalbuphine.

Got it. That's helpful. Thank you.

And the next question will be from Leland Gershell from Oppenheimer. Please go ahead.

Hey, thanks for the update, and my welcome to Jim as well. Thanks for taking the questions. I'll try to keep it to one, but maybe a multi-part. Jen, just wanted to ask, with respect to the SSRE, would there be a fixed increase in sample size that could be triggered if that's the outcome? Or would it be variable depending on how much you may need to prospectively increase the number of patients given what's been seen and have you shared what the fixed number would be if that's the case? Thank you.

Yes. No, it's a good question, Leland. Thank you. So basically, the range that we pre-specified for the SSRE is the original N of 160 and it can go up to a total N of 400. It is not a fixed increase. They're going to take the actual number seen through 50%, repower the study and give us an exact number. So it can be anywhere in that range between 160 and 400 that they would come back with.

And maybe just one other comment on that. So we will be looking at the conditional probability of our findings and then we'll be able to power up based on that. And again it will be a sliding scale depending on what the conditional probability is that is determined by the SSRE.

Thank you. I'll jump back in the queue.

Thanks, Leland.

The next question comes from Deb Chatterjee from JonesTrading. Please go ahead.

Hi. Thanks for taking my question. I might have missed it, but could you please confirm that in the RCC trial, the two arms, like of different degree of coughers are now balanced?

Thanks, Debanjana for the question. So she's asking about if they're both balanced, the two arms in the RCC trial since we finished enrollment.

Yes. Balanced in terms of the treatment assignment?

I think she's talking about the stratification, one to one.

The stratification, yes. Sure. So the intention was to open up the trial to patients that were stratified on a cough count of 10 to 19 or greater than 20. We did increase the enrollment period to try to get more subjects in the moderate arm. We decided that we were going to cut it off at a certain point in time and not wait for the complete balancing. So – and balancing the complete enrollment of that stratification factor. It doesn't really impact the overall analysis because the overall analysis is based on the number of people in the trial and not based on these subgroup analyses. So we're not concerned about that at all. And I think that it will be sufficient numbers in that group to allow us to look at future-looking, statistical analyses and planning for our greater – the Phase 2b or Phase 3 program. But I think we'll have sufficient numbers in there and that's why we decided to stop when we did.

Okay. Thanks for the color.

Sure.

Thanks, Debanjana and we're looking forward to your call.

And our next question is from Mayank Mamtani from B. Riley. Please go ahead.

Hi. This is William Wood on for Mayank today. Thank you for taking our questions, and congrats on the strong Q. So just to sort of continue on with the HAP trial. I'm just kind of curious what would happen after you receive the results from the trial, maybe the next steps. Would you – essentially would you go directly to the FDA with those results? Or would this sort of be wrapped into a larger midyear 2025 end of Phase 2 meeting?

I'll start with that, William and Jim is obviously just joining us. So he may bring some different views. But we'll obviously get the data. We'll end up submitting the CSR and the results around that. We'll, for sure, discuss it in our end of Phase 2 meeting on the IPF trial and probably invite any comments back. But I would envision that we'll wrap that into our next FDA meeting. But we'll submit the results ahead of time. Jim anything?

Absolutely. I mean, it's a standard type study for drugs like this. We'll submit the CSR and all the data to the FDA per usual timing. And this study doesn't really gate us in terms of looking at future efficacy studies in our indications. So this would be a matter of more NDA than the process of actually conducting our clinical programs.

Okay, so it wouldn't affect any of the ongoing trials either, just to confirm?

No.

No.

No. And again, this is a one of many piece of information that is really weighed by the DEA in general. And I think we just want everyone to remember that nalbuphine has been around for decades. It is unscheduled. It is the moiety, as Jennifer said, that is usually considered. That is considered in the terms of scheduling. So this is a different formulation. We are catching up on bringing a half data into the realm for nalbuphine. So again, all these things are going to be taken into account as well as the experiences of our subjects in our clinical trial. So, there's nothing here that is necessarily gating and these will all be taken into account in the NDA process for approval.

Thank you very much. I appreciate you taking your questions.

Thank you, William.

The next question comes from Brandon Folkes from Rodman & Renshaw. Please go ahead.

Hi. Thanks for taking my questions and congratulations on the updates. Maybe just one from me. Any update on the timing of the TIDAL respiratory physiology study? When can we care more about that study? And maybe the second part of that with Jim coming in. Welcome, Jim, great to have you on board. But do you still intend to run that study? Is this something that may be under review? Just any color on commitment and timing to that TIDAL study would be great. Thank you.

Yes, I'll comment on the first two and then I'll let Jim answer. I don't think he has any different thoughts. So, Brandon, as you know, we're running this study really just to be able to define our Phase 3 patient population and IPF specifically. There's a group of patients that had sleep disordered breathing that we've carved out in our prior two clinical studies because we wanted to answer some questions around that. So we are – that study is enrolling, it's screening patients enrolling. The timing is, we need that data by the time we go to our end of Phase 2 meeting on IPF, which will be sometime on the current schedule, second half of next year. I think it's unblinded. I don't anticipate that. We'll probably put out a lot of data until we get to the end and we actually can interpret all the results and sort of what it means for our inclusion exclusion. But Jim, I'll let you add any color. I don't think you have any different thoughts.

No, there's no different thoughts there at all. I think this is a good, informative study for us that will just help us make some decisions in the future.

Thanks. And that's great to hear. Thank you for taking the question.

Yes, thank you. Brandon.

[Operator Instructions] The next question is from Ryan Deschner from Raymond James. Please go ahead.

Hi there. I'm curious as to the timeline for DEA to make a decision in that, sort of once you have the HAP results in hand, their decision or even feedback from them on the potential for scheduling. And also curious what dose level to comparator butorphanol is being dosed at. Thank you.

Yes, no, I can answer both those. The DEA process unfortunately comes in the end, if it comes at all. What happens is you submit your NDA. FDA will review all that with a consult with CSS [ph]. Sometimes it doesn't even get referred to DEA. They sort of consider everything. Look at your data that you submitted and it never even goes to DEA. If it does, it goes as part of the NDA process and then they'll schedule it as part of your approval. So it'll come sort of right after that. As for the dose that we're using in butorphanol, it's a 6 milligram infusion over the course of an hour. And there was a whole study that was done to sort of mimic the inhaled version of butorphanol that's on the market. We couldn't use that because that actually had a taste to it. So it was very hard to blind it. And so we ended up basically mimicking the PK of that through the 6 milligram infusion. But that was all signed off with the FDA as the right dosed.

Got it. Thank you very much.

Yes, you're welcome. Thank you.

And I'm not showing any further questions at this time. This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Jennifer Good for closing remarks.

Thank you. We look forward to sharing the results of our various clinical trials with you in the near future. Thank you for joining today's call and we are available after this call for any follow up questions you may have.

The conference call has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.