Earnings Labs

Vulcan Materials Company (VMC)

Q3 2015 Earnings Call· Tue, Nov 3, 2015

$291.11

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Transcript

Operator

Operator

Welcome to the Vulcan Materials Company Third Quarter Earnings Call. My name is Tabitha and I'll be your conference call coordinator today. At this time, all participants have been placed in a listen-only mode to prevent any background noise. A question-and-answer session will follow the company's prepared remarks. And now, I'd like to turn the call over to your host, Mr. Mark Warren, Director of Investor Relations for Vulcan Materials. Mr. Warren, you may begin.

Mark D. Warren - Director-Investor Relations

Management

Thank you, Tabitha. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for your interest in Vulcan Materials. Joining me today for this call are Tom Hill, President and CEO; and John McPherson, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial and Strategy Officer. Please note a slide presentation will accompany the prepared remarks by management and is available via the webcast. A copy of this presentation as well as a replay of the conference call will be available following the conclusion of this call at the company's website. Before we begin with actual results and projections, I refer you to slide two of our presentation regarding forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. Descriptions of these are detailed in our most recent report on Form 10-K. In addition, during this call, management will refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures. You will find a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures and other related information in our earnings release and at the end of this presentation. Now, I'd like to turn the call over to Vulcan's Chief Executive Officer, Tom Hill. Tom? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Thank you, Mark, and thank all of you for joining us today for our third quarter earnings call. At Vulcan, we posted another strong quarter, and we remain on track to have a very good year. Our solid performance, continued revenue growth and margin expansion are a direct result of the great efforts of our people. Today, you're going to hear about steady recovery, solid price improvement and about our sharp focus on the things we can control. Now, we won't be giving guidance for 2016 in today's call, but as we begin our planning cycle for the next year, our fundamental trajectory remains intact. We…

Operator

Operator

Your first question will come from the line of Ted Grace of Susquehanna.

Ted Grace - Susquehanna Financial Group LLLP

Analyst

Thank you, gentlemen. J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Hi, Ted.

Ted Grace - Susquehanna Financial Group LLLP

Analyst

Hey, Tom, I hate to lead off on a question on 2016 given your opening comments. And so, I won't ask specifically for guidance, but just as it relates to maybe the slope of that trajectory heading into next year, it seems like depending on whether 4Q probably comes in a little bit below plan given some of the commentary; obviously one of your large peers gave some guidance that people are interpreting as off-trend growth. And so, I'm just wondering if you could give any kind of hand holding, whether it's market related expectations on how people should think about that slope. I know John just said basic trajectory intact, but any way you could kind of frame out, anything would be helpful, if we could start there? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Let me start with demand. We're seeing demand growth in all of our major markets – the vast majority of them – and in the market segments. More than half of our markets in the third quarter saw double-digit growth, a little bit of lagging as we talked about with Alabama, Mississippi, kind of the center of the country. But overall, we continue to see healthy demand growth, whether that's across geographies or market segments. So, we don't see anything that would give us pause for slowdown, whether in the fourth quarter or afterwards. Now, if you look at – on the same thing on price – we continue to see very healthy climate for price increases. That's built by customer confidence and by rising demand.

Ted Grace - Susquehanna Financial Group LLLP

Analyst

Okay, that's super helpful. And then maybe if I can just quickly tuck one in on costs. I know you talked about being somewhat above expectations in the last couple of quarters. You mentioned some of the factors in the third quarter, including more recently, labor and R&M ticking up, taking some proactive action to address that. Just when we think about the normal framework of incrementals you've talked about, is there any tweaking we should think about in kind of the next one or two years that could affect that to any meaningful degree or is that still kind of a useful framework as we think about just normalized flow through rates? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Ted, I don't see anything that would change the fundamentals of our earnings leverage or our trajectory – just – it's not there. And I'll address the third quarter; our costs in the third quarter year-over-year on a same-store basis were down about a nickel. Built in that was diesel was down about $0.23. The increase occurred in fringes and geographic mix was about two-thirds of it, which geographic mix is usually remote distribution network or higher cost markets. That will always – fixes itself – so that will come back around. The fringes are one-time or won't last. The other piece of that was R&M, which is natural for this time of the cycle. And then in some areas, we had labor costs that some – that were up in the second quarter and the third quarter – we recognized those. I think our folks did a good job of addressing those and we saw marked improvement in cost overall in September. So it's – what's important here is that we focus on the things that we can control. It's imperative that we always try to improve that. And it's that compounding effort of every day in every quarry of making it better and compounding those earnings. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: So, Ted, I think if you just checked through each of those three big drivers of costs, none of them are really structural in our view. One is geographic mix, shipping from higher cost locations or markets, and frankly, that comes typically with higher priced and higher margin markets as well. So, that as Tom said, correct itself and that's not a bad thing. On fringes and those employee benefit related cost, most of that, including the pension accounting issues, we don't see repeating next year and we'll correct for. And then, I think, Tom gave you a clear explanation for how we've addressed to some degree already, some of the somewhat temporary headwinds we think we've seen in repair and maintenance cost and labor cost.

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Kathryn Thompson with Thompson Research Group. J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Good morning, Kathryn.

Kathryn Ingram Thompson - Thompson Research Group LLC

Analyst

Good morning. Thank you for taking my questions today. I think that you helped to answer some of the questions I had about the higher costs, which were more one-time in nature versus embedded cost on a go forward basis. Just to clean up that question that you had – the answer that you were just giving in the previous queue. How far along are you in terms of resolving some of those costs that – I know you said you made progress in September – but is this something realistically it will be more of a Q1 before you really kind of fully cleaned up? Or will there just be some residual, particularly from a geographic mix, that we see lingering in Q4? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Let me give you an example of labor. I think we got ahead of ourselves in a few markets on labor, where we thought volume's going to come back faster than it did. We hired too many people and actually we had to go correct it when we saw it wasn't going to happen. We also – we're running in a number of the places – we're running, say, four plants with two crews and we've made some structural scheduling mistakes there, which we corrected. So a lot of this, I think, we've taken really good steps to recognize the problems, why we have good metrics and our folks look at it really hard and they've corrected it. And then as far as the geographic mix that will come and go, I don't see anything structural to that. You'll get that back actually.

Kathryn Ingram Thompson - Thompson Research Group LLC

Analyst

Okay, super. Thank you. And then, if you could – I know that the year ago quarter you made quite a few acquisitions. Could you once again just break out, how much the contribution from the quarter were – in terms of revenue and earnings contribution – were from the acquired assets versus just core growth? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah, the adjusted EBITDA for the acquisitions in the quarter was in the range of $13 million. I think overall, our acquisitions' performing well. We're pleased with the assets and the personnel that we added at Vulcan. I think – I'm very happy with the job – the integration job that our folks did in getting those tucked in and going. We're pleased with how it fits into our network. So overall, we're very pleased with the acquisitions and like what we've got. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: And Kathryn, we can break out for you revenue or gross profit contribution by segment of the acquisitions offline, if you like.

Kathryn Ingram Thompson - Thompson Research Group LLC

Analyst

Okay. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: I think in total, we're probably trending toward – I think we'd said $40 million to $50 million of EBITDA at the beginning of the year – we're probably trending toward the low end of that range full-year. Still, very satisfied with performance, but as we've noted, we've had some increased investments to better manage some mine plans and improve production capacity of certain product types in some of the acquired facilities. And that explains some amount – that explains part of why we're at the lower of that range – but that's basically where we're tracking, around $40 million, but not towards $50 million.

Kathryn Ingram Thompson - Thompson Research Group LLC

Analyst

Perfect. And then my final question is around Aggregate pricing. You've seen some accelerating in pricing as the year's progressed and really actually from prior year and carrying into Q3. Twofold question, are there certain markets we're seeing greater pricing leverage? And then two, we've just received anecdotal feedback from the field that, particularly in the Southeast, you have – I don't want to say changed your pricing structurally – but are certainly being more proactive in terms of gating pricing equally across all of your main product segments being base, fines and clean stone. Maybe if you could flesh that – either confirm or flesh out that feedback that we've been getting in the field. Thank you. J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. I think that the pricing trends we see right now are very positive and very predictable, with the pricing following the volume. I think what the good news is what we are seeing going at the end of 2015 and going into 2016 is a very healthy pricing environment. We've got steady rising demand in the vast majority of our markets; that's driving customer and construction industry confidence, which is always a good thing for pricing. But, one of the things we always have to remember is pricing is a campaign; it's something you do every day. It's thousands of price decisions every week, and it's also about the compounding improvements over time of not just pricing, but margin expansion. So, our employees are striving hard to improve the value for our customers, and I think that if you step back and look at it, the environment that we're in right now and that we close into 2016 is very healthy for pricing improvements.

Kathryn Ingram Thompson - Thompson Research Group LLC

Analyst

Great. Thank you very much.

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Garik Shmois with Longbow Research.

Garik S. Shmois - Longbow Research LLC

Analyst · Longbow Research.

Thank you. I just want to touch on demand and maybe if you could speak to any change in trends with respect to the demand segments, whether it's infrastructure, non-res or residential. I know you've commented that you're seeing steady progression on volumes, but has there been any, whether it's change in bidding or acceleration or deceleration, in any of these segments? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah, I think that, as I said earlier, we're seeing good demand growth across all segments. Now, in the non-res piece, like you, we see the leading indicators. And we've seen them dip a little bit, but on the ground, whether it comes to shipments or bidding projects, we have not seen any dip in non-res demand. The good news is we're starting to see improvements in residential and in highway work. So, overall we're continuing to see good, steady growth – demand growth. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: Garik, a few maybe pieces of the additional color since I know this – we know this is an area of focus for folks. From a geographic point of view, it's almost easier to talk about the ends of the spectrum. So, in terms of recovery toward normalized demand for us, on one end of the spectrum, certainly we have some Texas markets that are a bit further along in the recovery; in our view, still doing quite well, but a bit further along. And on the other end, as Tom has mentioned before, we have our Mississippi, Alabama, Illinois, kind of our middle of the country markets, that really haven't gotten much momentum yet in terms of the recovery moving along; but everything else is making pretty good progress. The facts and circumstances vary by market, but everything else is making pretty good progress. The one issue that we do continue to see in some markets, and it will inform all of our plans for 2016 when we get there, is just the pace at which this growing demand and recovering demand really gets turned into Aggregates shipments. And again, in some markets that's – that's a function of large project timing and how quickly DoT's can get their raised level of funding out the door into new projects; so we'll monitor that closely. And in other markets, that's a function of these, if you will, bottlenecks in the construction supply chain that we've referenced, where availability of crews or equipment or developed land or skilled trade labor, those can really be the determinants of how quickly we grow. So, net-net, we continue to see across our portfolio, a steady, gradual repeating recovery that's basically on the same kind of trend we've been on for 2015.

Garik S. Shmois - Longbow Research LLC

Analyst · Longbow Research.

Great. That's very helpful. Just wanted to dive in a little bit just on around the fourth quarter and your annual guidance and this fairly wide range that you've left for EBITDA for the fourth quarter. Just wanted to be clear on that range and what could drive the upper and lower end? Is it really just a function of weather and project timing or is there anything else that we should be paying attention to? John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: Hi, Garik, it's John. I wouldn't – we're not trying to signal anything by the breadth of that range. So, I wouldn't read too much into it first. I'd read it as unchanged from our last call. That would be the probably the main message because as I went through, most of the underlying drivers that we see are basically still on track with our last discussion on our last call. So, I think the read is largely unchanged. Yes, weather can affect it one way or the other, but I don't know that I'd try to read too much into the fact that we didn't change or narrow the range.

Garik S. Shmois - Longbow Research LLC

Analyst · Longbow Research.

Okay. That makes sense. And then just lastly, just highway bill question. You sounded a bit more optimistic, and certainly the discussions around in Congress have been more optimistic, and I think there's greater hope that a highway bill will gets passed relatively soon. If so, could you maybe talk about how this might end up impacting Aggregates demand, whether it's 2016, 2017, and what the medium to longer-term impact would be from the highway bill? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah, I think, first of all, we're very optimistic that the bill is going to get passed. We believe that the House will vote on the bill this week, as a matter of fact. When this happens, it will give certainty for states. So you'll see a number of states which are starting to – have held back funds for large projects – which is Arkansas has done that. We've seen – and now we see Georgia is talking about it – and a number of states have done it. Well, they'll have certainty for the future going forward, which will be very good for us. That is a compounding impact because a number of states have raised their funding. But you've got to remember, there's going to be a lag here between, whether it's the increase in state funding or the federal funding, just because they've got to be able to get the funds. And then, they've got be able to set up plans and let the projects, and the projects have to start construction. So at best, I would say it'd be the end of 2016, but I think the highway bill, the impact of that, you'll really see towards the end of 2016 and into 2017. What is hidden in there is, you will start to see states have great relief with unlocking large multi-year projects. Even if they said they're not doing it, we've got a number of them that are just hesitant to do anything until they see that bill. And that I think will flow through towards – start to flow through in 2016 – but real impact, I believe, will be in 2017. John? John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: That's right.

Garik S. Shmois - Longbow Research LLC

Analyst · Longbow Research.

Great. Thank you.

Operator

Operator

Your next question come from the line of Trey Grooms with Stephens.

Trey H. Grooms - Stephens, Inc.

Analyst

Hey, good morning. J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Good morning, Trey.

Trey H. Grooms - Stephens, Inc.

Analyst

Hey, just one point of clarity, I know you've talked about kind of the – some of the states there in the middle of the country that you guys are in that have been laggards – but just one, if, kind of going back to the slide deck, it looks like year-to-date, North Carolina was in the greater than 5% category. But then, if you look at just for the third quarter, it was in the flat to down category. Can you talk about kind of what's driving that? Have you seen deceleration there or just your thoughts around – that just kind of stood out to me? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. I wouldn't read anything into that Trey. North Carolina last year, we had two very large paving jobs that we completed that weren't included in shipments of this year. So, I think that as you look at North Carolina, the demand's still healthy; it's across a broad range of whether it's res, non-res, highways or infrastructure. In fact, the North Carolina DoT just passed a bill to substantially up their funding in that state. So overall, we feel good about North Carolina. We feel good about demand growth, think, it will carry into 2016. And we'll start to see some flow through of the $700 million increase in state highway spending – now, that won't come through right away – but you'll start to see some of it, probably end of 2016, but healthy. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: Trey, you might even take that as just an example, and I know you know this very well, but of why it's a bit dangerous to extrapolate too much in our business from single quarter trends. And that's, of course, in the volume side, why we include both the quarterly view and the trailing 12-month or year-to-date view. Whether it's a volume trend or whether it's a pricing or cost trend, we're always going to encourage people to make sure you also take a slightly longer-term view and don't focus only on one quarter just because there can be so much volatility.

Trey H. Grooms - Stephens, Inc.

Analyst

Yeah, understood. Thanks for the clarity there. And also, I guess as a follow-up, you guys had been fairly acquisitive, I guess, with some tuck-in deals that seemed to make a lot of sense. I guess recently – more recently – you've kind of taking your foot off, at least apparently, taking your foot off the gas a little bit there. Can you talk about, I guess, what you're seeing out there and how multiples are trending in the space? And then with that backdrop, kind of update us on your thoughts around capital deployment J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: I'll start, John. I think, Trey, there's really a good pipeline of acquisitions out there. As we've talked about a lot, they will come when they come. That's something we can't control. Last year, they all seemed to bunch up in the third quarter. I think what's important for us – well, the timing of that's unknown – what's important is the discipline of what we buy, what we pay for and then how we integrate it. And we need to be real clear about the synergies that are unique to Vulcan and how we leverage those. So, don't read, because something that happened that the pipeline's dried up, because it hasn't and we are not – we have not put – taken our foot off the accelerator at all. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: And Trey, on overall capital allocation priorities, I think the key message is that our priorities have not changed and that we're making good progress on the direction we've laid out. Just to quickly tick through a few, as I mentioned, our core CapEx, reinvesting in the franchise, maintenance haz-mat capital, that remains on track and it is been executed well. In terms of financial flexibility and our overall balance sheet, making good progress, and again, going forward, that's not a use of cash to de-lever, and we've also reduced our average interest expense a bit; we'll continue to look at that of course. We remain committed to a dividend – and the return of capital to shareholders through that dividend – that grows with earnings. That's a board decision, but nothing has changed there. Tom just touched on opportunities for M&A-related growth where, we have many, it's just a question of discipline and to some degree, seller expectations that may be ahead of where they need to be. And then of course, as we continue to generate substantial free cash flow through time, substantial operating cash flow, we expect to have a balanced approach of reinvesting that, whether that's CapEx or M&A-like growth and returning it whether that's through dividend or share repurchase.

Trey H. Grooms - Stephens, Inc.

Analyst

That all sounds good. Thanks a lot and good luck. J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Thank you.

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Keith Hughes with SunTrust.

Keith Hughes - SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc.

Analyst · SunTrust.

Turning back to the highway bill, the various proposals out there have some level of inflation factored in their six year view. Can you just remind investors, would the impact of that be greater than the actual dollar because of the types of projects and the long-term nature of projects? Just getting for a feel of – we haven't had a six year bill in so long – sort of a refresher course of what to do with those numbers if this thing gets passed? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah, let me start with the escalators in the – the Senate bill escalation is 3% annually – which would mean, you start at a baseline of $41 billion; in year three, it'd be $45 billion and in year six it'd almost be $49 billion. That compares to a House bill, the drafted House bill, which is at 1.9% annually, so a little less. Now, where we end up, our vote is for the Senate bill obviously or something beyond that, but who knows how that's going to turn out. While those increases are really important and we'll take all the funding we can get – more importantly, our country needs it – the confidence that this gives the states to move forward with long-term projects or very large projects is really important. It also – even if it's a six year bill that's only funded for three – it locks in policy for six years, which also builds confidence, not just for the states, but for the entire construction material cycle. So, you'll see this also builds on that confidence we talk a lot about for pricing momentum, because there will be funding out there, which means there'll be projects out there, which means there'll be work out there for our customers. And so, that overall confidence is really important, not just for our customer base and pricing, but also for the states that allow them to free up more work and drive demand.

Keith Hughes - SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc.

Analyst · SunTrust.

So, a 2% to 3% increase, whatever it ends up being in dollars allocated, could we assume when the dollar – when they hit – it would grow the infrastructure piece of your business greater than that? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yes. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: And keep in mind, that the parts of that funding that are non-federal, are growing typically in our markets at a higher rate.

Keith Hughes - SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc.

Analyst · SunTrust.

Good point. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: So the state and local funding is growing at a substantially higher rate in many of our markets than you see the federal dollars, but as Tom explained, the long-term federal program is certainly helpful to getting those state level funds and revenues sources from being collected to actually being spent on key projects. J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Along those lines, while we've had a number of states in our footprint increase their funding, we have a number of them right now that are critical, that are debating increasing their funding, okay. This will give confidence and it will give – it creates momentum for those states to go do their part where there is much needed funding from a state and local perspective.

Keith Hughes - SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc.

Analyst · SunTrust.

And at one point on – I think it was in the DRIVE Act – there was a talk of elimination of TIFIA. Is that still a topic that would be on – potentially on the table? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah, that's really a reduction of TIFIA. TIFIA was budgeted at $1 billion a year. The DRIVE Act cuts it down to $300 million. And actually, truth be known, that's not bad news for us because we weren't getting to – we know $300 million is about as good as anybody got to, if they got that far – to using those funds. So more than half of those funds went unused. That will go into work on intermodal and infrastructure projects. So what our view of that is, it's actually pretty good news and that we'll get what we were using in TIFIA; the unused funding of that will go into major projects to address intermodal and infrastructure projects they'll actually ship materials on.

Keith Hughes - SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc.

Analyst · SunTrust.

Okay. Thank you.

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Bob Wetenhall with RBC Capital Markets.

Robert Wetenhall - RBC Capital Markets LLC

Analyst · RBC Capital Markets.

Hey, good morning. Just wanted to ask you, you've had a lot of success in driving gross profit per ton from $2.55 up to $3.90. And like how do we think about your ability to keep driving that – because I got to credit you, that's a ton of incremental improvement – but how much more runway is left? John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: Bob, it's John. Our view is pretty straight forward. We think there's substantial runway left. As you recall from our Investor Day, and we laid this out on a cash gross profit basis on Investor Day, but as we continue to move forward in the recovery, continue to move back toward normal levels of demand with the kind of pricing environment we expect, we should be able to continue converting that incremental revenue at about 60%. And doing that through this period of time gets us to a cash gross profit number that instead of being a little bit less than $6 this quarter will be a little bit above $8. So, substantial room left. I'd remind people that as an entire construction complex, more and more people are appropriately focused on earning fair returns on capital. And earning these kind of incremental margins is consistent with that view. So, we are very, very focused on it and we don't see anything from where we sit that should limit our progress on that dimension in the near-term.

Robert Wetenhall - RBC Capital Markets LLC

Analyst · RBC Capital Markets.

Cool. That's encouraging. Tom, I haven't heard you this bulled up in a long time; it's a really solid quarter operationally. It looks like you're getting price for service. In your forecast, you're looking at 7% price for the full-year and you obviously gave a confident view of demand trends going into 2016. So, I'm trying to reconcile a little bit how we should be thinking about pricing trends next year. You have a tough comp if you're up 7% this year. Should we expect pricing next year to be low single-digit, more like consistent with this year? Thanks and good luck. J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Thanks. It's all about the environment and I think it's in momentum. As you go into the fourth quarter of this year and into next year, as I said earlier, we continue to see that demand going up and very steady demand. It's about customer confidence. They have backlogs; they have backlogs with profitability in it, so they can raise their prices. So, it is that confidence in the pricing environment that is so key, and as we talk about a lot, it's very predictable trends that as that volume continues to trend up, pricing will follow it. So, as we said earlier, it's the campaign of pricing and those compounding improvements over time, but going into the fourth quarter and into 2016, what I'd tell you is that that pricing environment is very healthy.

Robert Wetenhall - RBC Capital Markets LLC

Analyst · RBC Capital Markets.

Could you just get a little more specific in thinking about 2016 to guide us? Is it more like, hey, you're at great pricing, lot of demand, we're up 7% in 2015? Against that comp would you expect to be at the low single-digit into the range next year or in a level more consistent with like 5% to 7% or 6% to 7% like this year in 2016? John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: Hey, Bob, it's John. While I appreciate the effort, we're not going to give guidance for 2016 on this call. But I'd just reiterate what we've said, which is, as we sit here today in early November, the core trends that we see in terms of demand recovery and the pricing environment, we see continuing into the fourth quarter and into 2016. So we don't see a significant shift in overall trajectory, but we're not prepared at this time to give specific guidance.

Robert Wetenhall - RBC Capital Markets LLC

Analyst · RBC Capital Markets.

Totally cool. Good luck. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: Thanks.

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Todd Vencil of Sterne Agee.

Laymon Todd Vencil - CRT Capital Group LLC

Analyst

Hi, thanks, guys. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: Hey, Todd. J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Hey, Todd.

Laymon Todd Vencil - CRT Capital Group LLC

Analyst

Let's take, hopefully, short shot at beating that almost nearly dead horse here one more time. Just real quick, and briefly I think, are you guys seeing deceleration in any aspect of your business anywhere, and if you are, where? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: I think we've got some watch points. I'm not seeing deceleration anywhere. The watch points, as I mentioned earlier, were, one was non-res just because of some of the leading indicators. As I said earlier, we're not seeing that on the ground, what we're bidding and what we're shipping; but we see that, we watch it, and I think our folks and Todd, I'd agree, (54:32) are very confident. The other place to watch is, as we talked about earlier, is to watch Texas, with the reduction in exploration drilling and the impact on jobs. While we've not seen any impact yet, it's been an odd year in Texas where it was the rain in the first half of the year back-loaded the year. So, if there is a drop off, it would be masked and it's a place we'll watch. But other than that, I think we're pretty confident. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: This isn't a direct answer to your question, but I would just remind folks on this – as Tom was saying – on both price and volume, there is of course, as there always is, a lot of variability across our portfolio geographically. So, if you were to look at the rates of volume growth or the rates of price growth, they're pretty well dispersed around the average. And so, we have – of course, as we get a little more clarity on our 2016 plans – we're going to have some geographies that are certainly slower growth than others, and some that are faster growth than others, and we'll have to incorporate all of that into our guidance for next year.

Laymon Todd Vencil - CRT Capital Group LLC

Analyst

Perfect. Thanks for that. And then, same question. You guys talked about bottlenecks in some places. This is something that we've heard from builders and contractors and guys who use contractors. Can you talk about how much of an impact that's having and if there's any rhyme or reason? Is it certain geographies? Is it certain trades that you're seeing it in? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: I don't know that I can put a pattern to it, but we have seen a number of our customers run into bottlenecks which impacted third quarter shipments and will impact fourth quarter shipments. Now, that volume's not going away; it will be shipped. So whether that's in ready-mix business, it's trucks and drivers, it's finishers. In the Asphalt business, it's crews and lay down machines. And they're not going to ramp up – they'll ramp up a little bit, but not going to add – just have it slow down. I think what is key to what we saw in the third quarter and you're seeing happen at the end of this year versus last year is the sense of urgency by our customers. When I say that, last year if they got delayed, they just put it off to the next week or till the weather got right. Whereas this year, we're seeing contractors work on Saturdays and Sundays; we're seeing a lot more sense of urgency of getting these jobs done, which is very good news for us because that means they have backlogs now that they got to get this work done, so they can get on to the other work, which really signals from a macro perspective that there's more work out there and we continue to see the steady growth.

Laymon Todd Vencil - CRT Capital Group LLC

Analyst

Got it. Thanks for that.

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Stanley Elliott with Stifel. Stanley Elliott - Stifel, Nicolaus & Co., Inc.: Hi, guys, good morning and congratulations. Quick question on the pricing or did you guys highlight kind of what the regional mix was versus the absolute pricing? J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Well, I think that, as we said earlier, usually the places where we are further along in the cycle, we see better pricing. So, we saw better pricing in Texas in a number of places where the cycle's further along. And as we go into next year, I think that pattern or that trend tends to hold true, that the places where the cycle is a little more mature, you have a little more confidence in momentum and pricing. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: Stan, it's John. One thing I just continue to underscore for those on the call is just as with volume, and I'll highlight both, but if you look at pricing by our general manager areas, if the average for the company was around 8% for the quarter, we have – and I'm just looking at what numbers I have in front of me – we have some that are 14%, 12%, 12%, 11%, 9%, and we do have a couple that are 3%, 2%, negative 1%, negative 3%. So there's a lot of dispersion based on local market factors, and in a single quarter, mix of business and other things. The same is true on the volume side of the business. If the average volume is roughly 7.5%, then you've got some that are up 20%, 19%, 13%, 11%, 10%, 10%. But you also have a couple, as we highlighted, that are…

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Adam Thalhimer with BB&T Capital Markets. Adam Robert Thalhimer - BB&T Capital Markets: Hey, good morning guys. The environmental charge in the quarter, is that something we could see going forward or is that really one-time issue? John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: I think it's primarily – this is John – primarily a one-time issue. And you saw some, if you will, elevated above recent trend cost and relating to other income and expense. And a lot of that had to do with some one-time environmental charges including some settlement of past liabilities. So, I would think most of that is one-time. Adam Robert Thalhimer - BB&T Capital Markets: Okay. And then, you mentioned that there was some places where you have ramped up labor in anticipation of demand that wasn't quite as strong as you had hoped. Where was that? John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: Southeast. Adam Robert Thalhimer - BB&T Capital Markets: Okay. Thanks. J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: And let me add to that. It wasn't that demand that was off or demand was poor, it just wasn't as good as they had hoped it would be. John R. McPherson - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial & Strategy Officer: And Tom, we've talked it about a lot, I mean they're going to be – as we continue to transition our crews and our scheduling levels, like many in the industry, from operating most of our plants as shared crews to having fully staffed plants again, there's going to be a little – the transition is not going to go perfectly. The key for us is to monitor it, manage it, correct it and to stay on top of it. But they're going to be some things like this as we transition from such historically low shipment levels back to something that's more normal, particularly given that we've been operating in some of these markets with shared crews across two or three plants. Just changing that staffing model is going to – is not going to be frictionless. Adam Robert Thalhimer - BB&T Capital Markets: Great. Okay. Thanks, guys.

Operator

Operator

That concludes the Q&A portion of the call today. I will now turn the call back over to Tom Hill for the closing remarks. J. Thomas Hill - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Well, thank you very much for your interest in Vulcan. As you can tell, we will finish 2015 strong and we're very excited about what lies ahead of us for 2016. We look forward talking to you next quarter. Thank you.

Operator

Operator

Thank you. That concludes today's conference call. You may now disconnect.