Operator
Operator
Welcome to the ViaSat 2015 first quarter earnings conference call. Your host for today's call is Mark Dankberg, Chairman and CEO. You may proceed, Mr. Dankberg.
Viasat, Inc. (VSAT)
Q1 2015 Earnings Call· Wed, Aug 13, 2014
$58.07
-1.01%
Same-Day
+0.09%
1 Week
+4.62%
1 Month
+7.72%
vs S&P
+5.59%
Operator
Operator
Welcome to the ViaSat 2015 first quarter earnings conference call. Your host for today's call is Mark Dankberg, Chairman and CEO. You may proceed, Mr. Dankberg.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Thanks. Okay. Good afternoon, everybody, and welcome to ViaSat's earnings conference call for our first quarter fiscal year 2015. I am Mark Dankberg. I am Chairman and CEO, and I have got with me today, Rick Baldridge, our President and Chief Operating Officer, Shawn Duffy, our Chief Financial Officer, and Keven Lippert, our General Counsel. And before we start, Keven will provide our Safe Harbor disclosure.
Keven Lippert
Management
Thanks, Mark. This discussion will contain forward-looking statements. This is a reminder that certain factors could cause actual results to differ materially. Additional information concerning these factors is contained in our SEC filings, including our most recent Form 10-K and Form 10-Q. Copies are available from the SEC or from the website. That's it. Back to you, Mark.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Okay, thanks. So as usual, we will be referring to slides that you can get over the web, and I will start with some highlights and a top level discussion. And after that, Shawn Duffy will go into our financial results and then I will provide more depth on each of the business areas and then we will summarize our outlook, and take questions. So in terms of -- adjusted EBITDA has grown pretty steadily with 14% year-over-year increase to about $60 million this quarter. EBITDA benefited from continued improvements in our satellite services and that more than overcame a decrease in government earnings due to the wind down of our Blue Force Tracking products and services. Satellite service margins have been really good, and as we have discussed in the past, the unit economics on the consumer business have been really strong and they are still improving. The high proportion of retail to wholesale subscribers isn't what we originally thought we were aiming at, but we are taking advantage of it in several ways. And I will go into that in more detail in just a minute. The most recent version of the FCC's Measuring Broadband America was released and we came out the best again for delivering advertised speeds. Now we have got well over 0.5 million subscribers on ViaSat-1 and the FCC study is an important validation that we have got the tools to define and deliver broadband services that do what we intend. Another good indicator of that is our aeronautical broadband business. We have been working on commercial inflight Wi-Fi for quite a while and now are starting to see the benefits of that. At the end of the first quarter, there were 140 aircraft in service between JetBlue and United Airlines and over 120…
Shawn Duffy
Management
Thanks, Mark. Our first quarter 2015 represented another record quarter with strong financial performance. As Mark mentioned, our Q1 fiscal 2015 revenues were $319 million with our satellite service segment dominating performance posting revenue growth of nearly 28% year-over-year offset by revenue reduction in our commercial and government segments. We also saw another quarter of good adjusted EBITDA performance, setting a new record of $60.2 million up 14% from prior year, and up 5% on a sequential quarter basis. It is important to note that our first quarter EBITDA record was achieved despite the significant investments we continue to make in the next-generation fixed and mobile Ka solutions and litigation costs, which contributed about $12 million to expense in the period, combined. So let's turn to our Q1 income statement and look at a few details. Looking at our topline revenue mix, we can see that our service revenues continued to grow nicely, growing by 9% to $151 million in the first quarter. Our product revenue was down year-over-year due to lower Blue Force Tracking production volume and reduction in our commercial segment as we continued to wind down our engineering activities on our large Australian Ka band infrastructure program. Plus we had a good year-over-year growth in tactical data link products, information assurance products in our government systems segment and from our antenna systems product in the commercial network segment. Our cost of revenues as a percent sales increased slightly year-over-year as we shift efforts to additional funded development programs in both our commercial and government segment, which tend to drive lower initial contribution margin. However long-term, we expect to see these activities to create follow-on production contracts which generally results in higher margins. As I mentioned before, our litigation support activities continued to significantly impact our quarterly results.…
Mark Dankberg
Management
Okay, thanks. So I will start with the satellite services segment. As I mentioned, net subscribers were essentially flat in the first quarter, but because of the retail, wholesale mix, the introduction of new higher value plans, service upgrades by existing customers, steady cost improvements and the inflight Wi-Fi, we added margin equivalent of over 30,000 basic wholesale subscribers in the period. That contributed to year-over-year revenue and EBITDA growth of 28% and 89%, respectively on about 16% year-over-year increase in the absolute subscriber count. Adjusted EBITDA for the segment was almost 33 million in the period even including the $5 million in litigation expenses that we incurred with our SS/L suit. I mentioned before that we came out best again in the FCC's Measuring Broadband America in terms of delivering advertised speeds and we see this as an important component in our retail business where we want introduce new service plans and innovation into the market and this is a validation of our ability to deliver on those plans at scale. Of course, we also want to grow our absolute subscriber count. And we are going to do that in several ways. Before I discuss that, I want to touch a little bit on what led to the Q1 net flat outcome. As we said last quarter, Q1 includes seasonally slow months. We also have been working with our distributors to understand and reduce churn. So collectively, we filtered our Q1 orders and marketing to test specific mechanisms for both voluntary and involuntary churn. And that filtering meant we took on fewer gross adds while still seeing disconnects that were really based on the policy that we had before the first quarter. Some of the new filters were effective, especially on involuntary churn, and we believe we are already…
Operator
Operator
(Operator Instructions). Our first question comes from the line of Mike Crawford of B. Riley & Co. Your line is now open. Mike Crawford - B. Riley & Co.: Thank you very much. In talking about and your retail subs, you have that net benefit slice of the pie. And can you just comment on how you are calculating that and give us any data you can on what percent of the mix is retail? And then finally, how much lower is your incremental retail SAC today versus a year or two ago?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Okay. So just a couple of down somewhat. We are not really breaking out wholesale retail split anymore. We have been predominately incrementally retail for quite a while now. And I don't think we are going to give a lot. And I think we have talked before in the 70% plus range of being retail to wholesale adds. Somewhere along that range. We are not going to continue to disclose that. Well, we have talked about is and I think Shawn can add to this, because we talk about steadily growing ARPU and steadily declining SAC. We are think, even the last time we talked about SAC, it was below our $700 target. So that's declined. I think Shawn, would you like to maybe give a little about the detail that we are describing in our Qs and add on to that?
Shawn Duffy
Management
Yes, I think that as Mark mentioned, the SAC has continued to decrease and we look to quarter-over-quarter, this quarter represented another decrease. So we are quite a bit below the $700 range of that target that we gave when we started out.
Rick Baldridge
Analyst
This is Rick. Almost 100% of that blue area that Mark talked about as expense is from retail.
Shawn Duffy
Management
Yes.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes. Correct. Mike Crawford - B. Riley & Co.: Okay. Thank you. Just one more, switching gears. So you have got with new Ku/Ka terminal you have demonstrated for, say, government users. You have your new NSA certified terminal that also enables some roaming and then you also have been developing a modem or terminal with broader roaming commercial capabilities. When are these initiatives going to be available to be put into network?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Okay. So the main thing we talked about this Ku/Ka terminal is, think of it as both for government and commercial. And one, just to clarify, I am going to describe two different extreme value propositions. One value proposition would be, think of some company that advertises themselves as we are global. We may not have the absolute best coverage in every region but we have coverage everywhere. Okay. That would be one extreme. And the value proposition is coverage everywhere. And then another one, and this is the one, for instance that a regional airline like JetBlue finds attractive, as we have very, very attractive (inaudible) at a very attractive coverage in the U.S. market, which is much, much better than you would get on a purely global solution. And separately from that, we also tell people that we today support several hundred aircraft on a Ku band network that goes all around the world. That's primarily business jets and government aircraft, but not commercial aircraft. So this combination Ku/Ka basically allows us to stitch together both value propositions that we can provide, the best in a particular region coverage area and we can provide global. And for a lot of government aircraft, but also for a lot of long-haul aircraft, commercial aircraft, that's a really valuable proposition. So we will be able to ship production versions of that terminal next year. We have done tests flights, as I mentioned, on a Boeing 757 and we have shown test data to a bunch of different government customers, especially. But we are also making that available to commercial customers. And what we showed is that we can switch dynamically where we use different networks on Ka band or Ku band or on different types of Ka, Ku band satellites and we actually can integrate even other people's network standards as well. So that's the point of this. And we think it is going to have pretty good payoff in both markets, government and commercial. Mike Crawford - B. Riley & Co.: Okay. Thank you. And then a final question. Can you comment on status or thoughts of getting someone else interested in taking you up on the ViaSat-2 architect type system?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes. We are still working, I would say, several different opportunities on that. And the big thing is, there are big investment commitments on the part of partners. And so we are working through with them on what that means on their business plans. I think for people that are looking at the broadband market the way we do, which is okay, I have got turn bandwidth into value proposition in the market and what does it means to be able to offer unlimited as an example. What does it mean to be able to offer 20 or 30 megabits compared to what they can do with other satellites. That's the process that they are going through in the markets that they are in and that we are interested in getting in. It's hard to handicap it. I would say, we still have some that look pretty interesting, but it could be a quarter, two quarters, four quarters. It's very difficult to forecast. Mike Crawford - B. Riley & Co.: Okay. Thank you very much.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Thank you, Mike.
Operator
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Rich Valera of Needham & Company. Your line is now open. Rich Valera - Needham & Company: Thank you. Wondered when you were thinking you were going to have ViaSat-2 in service within 2016? Is that kind of late 2016?
Mark Dankberg
Management
It will be second half of 2016. And it depends a little bit on the integration of how we do the spacecraft and n the launch. It could be near the end of 2016. Or it could be more three quarters of the way. It will probably be scheduled to launch would be middle of 2016. Rich Valera - Needham & Company: That's calendar?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes. Calendar 2016. Rich Valera - Needham & Company: So just trying to understand how to think about, from here to that point, with ViaSat-1. You basically said you thought you could add net subscribers, I think, for the balance of this fiscal year, I think you were saying. I am just wondering how we should think of beyond this fiscal year. Because there's going to be quite a significant gap between the end of this fiscal year and, say, when ViaSat-2 service starts. So how do we think about that in terms of net subscribers? When do we think ViaSat-1 kind of fills up? And then can you continue to add the kind of equivalent units like you did this quarter even beyond when the total net subscriber number stops going up? Do think you will be able to continue to add sort of equivalent subscribers beyond that period as we wait for the ViaSat-2 launch? Thanks.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes. So those are really good questions. And one of the points we are trying to bring out, which is, if you think about it, if one of the things that we talked about when we launch the satellite is the notion that bandwidth demand increases each year, that people expect sort of more bandwidth for the same amount of money, in that they will consume more bandwidth and if we didn't offer them more bandwidth, then more and more of our subscribers would hit the volume caps and they would be dissatisfied. So the notion of that is, think of it as, we grow revenues as we fill up the satellite and then we would probably have revenues tail off once we pass some sort of peak point in year four or five. Something like that. But if you look at what we are doing with these different service plans, one of things that's coming out of that is we are able to generate revenues that are more bandwidth efficient, right. So we get more revenue per megabit. That's what we are trying to do. And we are trying to get more value per subscriber. So what we are going to show, we think, and that's part of the point of trying to show this in this equivalent unit is that we think we can grow total value beyond the one million. So we can make the peak higher. And if we are successful in how we manage those subscribers and the services we offer, especially in those being that have higher demand, we can probably sustain a peak revenue rate longer. That's what we would like to do. Now in some areas, and think of that as sort of, hey, we are generating a surplus in some sense, that we are using bandwidth more effectively than we thought. In other markets that have lower demand, we are not using as much bandwidth and so we could afford to try to test new service plans like these ones that I described, like the freedom plan in a way that will sort of give us a preview of what's going to work when we get the new satellite, but we can test it in specific markets on the current satellite. And so overall, I would say, there is lot of stuff for us to learn on this, but I think that's what we are doing now and right now I am pretty optimistic that will be able to do better economically in total than we thought, if we can continue to sort of get the gains that we have had in the last several quarters. Rich Valera - Needham & Company: So maybe honing on a little bit, you talk about exceeding the original one million equivalent target, if you will. Can you give us a sense of where you are today on that equivalent basis?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes. I am just going to give you an example. And we haven't disclosed all this. So I am just going to give you a really, like a gross example. So let's suppose that we have a million wholesale subscribers and that our wholesale price was somewhere in the $25 or $30 range. What you think is, at that rate you would generate $300 million and $360 million, ballpark. Frame it that way, if the satellite were full of wholesale subscribers. Okay. I think we are running at a run rate now of over $100 million a quarter and 80% of that is due to ViaSat-1. So we are already at a $320 million revenue run rate. And we have still got a lot of maneuvering room left. So as an example, from a pure revenue perspective, we will be able to drive, we think, well beyond what we would do with a million wholesale subscribers, right, if we can get. And then we sort of talk about, what if our ARPU was $40, what if our ARPU was $50, what if our ARPU is over $50. And then we are integrating these other services like inflight Wi-Fi that don't really have an ARPU equivalent. You measure it in different ways, like revenue per airplane or revenue per flight. They are different metrics and we are trying to do that by getting very high penetration by lower dollars per using subscriber, but many more using subscribers per airplane. So the upshot is, we still feel like we have a long way to go and just to recap, what we did in this metric is when we sell retail we have additional capital investments. So what we have done, even though we are already sort of think of it as 100% of revenue run rate, pretty close, if it were all wholesale, what we said is when we adjust that for the additional back costs, we are in the ballpark of 90%-ish with about 20% of that being legacy subs. So think of it as we are in the low 70s in terms of where we are in just ViaSat-1. So we have got quite a bit of running room left. Does that answer your question about how we think about these different metrics? Rich Valera - Needham & Company: Yes. That's helpful. Thanks, Mark, and just one more from me. Do you plan on giving gross installs or the install number going forward? Or not? Or will you give it for this quarter?
Mark Dankberg
Management
We would probably -- for this quarter what we did, we did talk about where our net subscribers are, which is the same as where they were last year, about 641,000 at the end of the quarter. We will probably talk about actual subscribers each quarter, but I think we will also give you this blended number as well because we think it's more indicative of what we are trying to do, which is we are trying to grow the real value that we get on the satellite. We think it's a more meaningful measure than just counting noses. It is basically what the net subscriber count does because it leaves out other things. So we would probably do both for the foreseeable future. Rich Valera - Needham & Company: Okay. That's it for me. Thank you.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Thanks.
Operator
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Matt Robison of Wunderlich Securities. Your line is now open.
Matt Robison - Wunderlich Securities
Analyst
How do you decide what places to have the unlimited caps? And what will you do with the subscribers after the six months? Then also I am curious why R&D was down? What the non-residential revenue was? And what gross adds were?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Okay. So I will tell you, first things are basically the geographic markets where we will have virtually unlimited plans are those markets where we have the most bandwidth because what we are aiming to do is we are aiming to keep up our reputation of delivering the speeds that we advertise. And we have a pretty good idea what to expect but there is some uncertainty in it. And so this gives us maneuvering room to be able to manage, if we have very high demand in that area, which would be a good thing, we will be able to still achieve the integrity of our service. In the areas that are sort of in the middle, we will probably do the double and triple caps. And where those areas are, is as I sort of was alluding to, it's a little bit of a complicated relationship of the design of the satellite and the exact geographies of the market. Let's see --
Matt Robison - Wunderlich Securities
Analyst
So I asked you about gross adds, non-residential revenue, R&D? And then what are you going to we do the subscribers on a two-year contracts, what are you going to do after the first six months?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes, subscriber on two years. So basically what we are offering is a promotion for the first six months and that's what we are clearly offering. What we would like to do is as we confirm the operating characteristics of these particular plans and our terrestrial technology, we would like to do is be able to extend those benefits because it will keep the subscribers happier and it's where we are going as well. That's what we would like to do and what we intend to do but we are leaving ourselves some wiggle room in case the good thing happens and we are sort of overwhelmed with demand, we will figure out how to deal with that.
Matt Robison - Wunderlich Securities
Analyst
How do write the language of a two-year contract when you have that?
Mark Dankberg
Management
It's promotional. It says it very clearly if you look at what we described is, it is kind of like getting HBO for six-months.
Rick Baldridge
Analyst
We are not inventing anything here. It's a common practice.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes.
Matt Robison - Wunderlich Securities
Analyst
So you will basically, you will say that after six months it goes to one of the other plans.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Well, actually what we have baked in is, we have a path for subscribers. So subscribers can either one, assuming that we don't extend the promotion, if we don't extend the promotion, the subscriber can either draw back to the normal parameters of that particular plan or he can elect a higher value plan which preserves exactly the service that he is currently getting.
Matt Robison - Wunderlich Securities
Analyst
Okay.
Mark Dankberg
Management
So our subscribers will be able to do either one.
Matt Robison - Wunderlich Securities
Analyst
Okay. Now I assume you can answer between one of the other questions?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes, I think that Shawn is going to address the R&D thing. I think for right now, we are not giving a lot more detail on the actual numbers of subscribers or details within the quarter.
Matt Robison - Wunderlich Securities
Analyst
How about, well, in the past, the non-residential has been mid-to high single digit millions. Is that the way it was this quarter?
Shawn Duffy
Management
Yes.
Mark Dankberg
Management
We are at the very front end of the commercial air part. So it is beginning to be more meaningful but not yet. But you are probably not far off. And the R&D thing, Shawn?
Shawn Duffy
Management
Yes. From the R&D, Matt, it is kind of steady. It is going to stay at this level that we had in Q1. Anyway we talked throughout the call. We had a lot of different reallocation of engineering activities moving to funded development programs but we do have some things in the commercial mobility that I think as we look out, we are going to continue to invest in. So I would expect it to be a little bit higher than where we are right now. But if we get some other opportunities, we may shift resources.
Matt Robison - Wunderlich Securities
Analyst
So high but not like what was last year, I gather?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Pretty close. Yes.
Matt Robison - Wunderlich Securities
Analyst
Okay. So we go back, we go from 9.7 back to 16 or so then?
Mark Dankberg
Management
It would be a little less this year.
Shawn Duffy
Management
Yes. Maybe a little bit less than that between those two.
Matt Robison - Wunderlich Securities
Analyst
Thanks.
Operator
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Andrew DeGasperi of Macquarie Capital. Your line is now open.
Andrew DeGasperi - Macquarie Capital
Analyst
Yes. Thank you for taking my question. First I guess I wanted to ask you, the global roaming capability. Would there be any additional costs as you are lining up transponders in Europe? Or is this a barter arrangement?
Mark Dankberg
Management
It's not a barter arrangement. It's basically an agreement that we have with Eutelsat, kind of a bilateral agreement where, as an example, if we were to have an United Airlines jet that originated in the U.S. that was our customer and it flew to Europe, we would have an agreement with Eutelsat, which would let us buy bandwidth on KA-SAT to serve that customer through their account with us. Likewise, if Air France, I am just going to pick an example, if Air France flew a jet to the U.S. and that was a Eutelsat customer, that Eutelsat would be able to serve him. And the idea of a bilateral agreement is to take advantage of our common competitive advantage in competitive position in the key markets. And just as one more aside, we already have a global Ku band network that we use for business jet and government customers. And there we are just buying bandwidth from third parties to fulfill that network. Our customers know, just like, if you have a phone with multiple modes in it, you know you will pay less in your domestic market, you will pay higher when you roam, the service may not be as good when you roam. And so we make all that stuff clear. But the main point is to get the quality of service that's associated with the satellite in each market.
Andrew DeGasperi - Macquarie Capital
Analyst
So timing around margins should not specifically shift? In other words, you are not going to see cost spike up before those revenues are realized? Or should we recognize that --
Mark Dankberg
Management
That's correct. Yes. In general, we try to avoid situations where we speculate on bandwidth. Generally, we have enough aircraft in service that our demand is relatively predictable.
Andrew DeGasperi - Macquarie Capital
Analyst
Got it, and lastly just, I know you have said at length what the subscriber number was for last quarter. That's fiscal 4Q. But can you maybe give us the legacy versus ViaSat-1? And I am sorry if you already gave that out.
Mark Dankberg
Management
For the quarter just ended, it was on the chart and it was about --
Andrew DeGasperi - Macquarie Capital
Analyst
No, I mean the previous quarter.
Mark Dankberg
Management
No. That's one of the things we haven't been disclosing. So what we are try to do just to clarify, what we tried to do this quarter is convey two things. One is that if you look at subscribers on this adjusted contribution margin basis that we been growing much more rapidly than just by counting noses. And then what we try to do separately is give a snapshot of what that blend is right now. But we are not going to do both all the time.
Andrew DeGasperi - Macquarie Capital
Analyst
So I should expect going forward that the numbers, those two numbers will not be given. Is that right?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Right. The ViaSat-1 and legacy one, but I think it's fair to assume you just go through migration churn stuff, you can project out. We expect that the legacy subscriber base will be small in a couple of years.
Andrew DeGasperi - Macquarie Capital
Analyst
Okay.
Rick Baldridge
Analyst
It becomes less meaningful because we are repurposing a bunch of that bandwidth on these legacy satellites for other services.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Right. So we have Exede 5, for instance, services. Or we have the inflight Aero services and other services as well that use that bandwidth.
Andrew DeGasperi - Macquarie Capital
Analyst
Understood. Thank you very much.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Thank you.
Operator
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Michael Funk of Michael Funk - Merrill Lynch. Your line is open.
Michael Funk - Michael Funk - Merrill Lynch
Analyst
Yes, great. Thank you guys for taking the questions. I have few. First, a clarification maybe to help me out here with drawing a line between the old reporting method and the new. So on the equivalent subscriber units that you are giving here and the 900,000 you provide for 1Q, is that simply with a factor of 1.4 times the old reporting method? And if that's the right factor to apply, are you basically dropping your longer-term target for the sale rate in ViaSat-1, everything else being equal, you are not accounting for this higher assumed value because of the associated ARPU and everything else? And I guess just second, you mentioned that the SAC cost was down during the quarter. Maybe some more details there and how you are managing that? I am curious to hear how you are bringing down the SAC. It could be interesting to hear about that. And then one more, if I could, and thank you for the time. Last quarter, you highlighted you were seeing an increase in early termination where subs were signed up, maybe dissatisfied with the service early on because of some of the data caps were terminating a month or two into the contract without payment. I just wanted to maybe hear about how you are managing that and on the trend you are seeing there? Thank you very much.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Okay. So just on how we build out the equivalence subject. It's not a simple multiplication. What we do is, for every use of bandwidth we have for every service plan, we build out a model that talks about know what are our capital investments in that service, what are the revenues, what are the actual margins that we are receiving for that service, what are the life of the users on that service. And then what we end up with, think of it as sort of a factor for each of the service types. And the new way to look at it is, it is just normalized so that a basic wholesale subscriber, basically an the Exede 12 subscriber that's on a wholesale plan would have to be one-to-one. The others come out to be higher if they have higher margin relative to the amount of investment they require. But we have to do it on a line-by-line basis. Okay. You asked a question about how does that come down. There is really multiple components to it, but it has come down for the main reasons being as we have scaled and built more subscriber terminals for longer periods of time, we have been able to bring down the cost of our subscriber equipment and in some ways we may use lower cost to inject other features or capabilities that we think will drive revenue in other ways. But the general trend has been to reduce costs. The other thing, as we built up a base of subscribers, and we have a flow of disconnects, we talked in the past about how we can refurbish some pieces of subscriber equipment that contributes to lower churn. A lower SAC, I am sorry. A lower SAC. Other components of SAC that we target to try to be cost-effective on, are marketing and advertising and we have done, we constantly monitor the unit effectiveness of our advertising. So that gives us the ability to do that. And then depending on our distribution channels they have different commission fee structures. And so if we optimize those channels with the best distribution costs, those also contribute to lower SAC.
Michael Funk - Michael Funk - Merrill Lynch
Analyst
And the last one was on the early termination fee comments on last quarter.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes. So one of the things we have said in the past is that, when we think about churn, we want to understand why people churn and basically, I would say, we were coming into sort of two dominant modes. One is involuntary where people unfortunately can't afford to pay. They sign-up for the service, they intend to pay, but they can't. And it describes a little bit of a high-class problem because in the old days when our service was half a megabits for $50, people wouldn't want that. They wouldn't sign up for it in the first place. Now what they are finding is, well if they, and this is sort of the issue we think we are seeing in the video world too, is that there are people who have poor credit, who can't get on a plan on a terrestrial service and they will sign-up for ours. And so what we try to do is come up with better screening techniques to make it more likely that they will be able to pay for during the intended period of time. And those seem to be working. That is probably the single, involuntary churn is a fairly significant part of what we are seeing and dealing with that one issue is, will people be able to pay, we have come up with some pretty effective ways to do it, that filters out some adds, but the net effect seems to be worth it. The other mode is that, we try to be very upfront on the volume caps. We have different distribution channels. They are not always as effective at communicating it. And I think the fact is that people don't really understand them well. So even if it is communicated people, don't understand the impacts of that. And those subscribers often churn fairly quickly. So one of things that we are working on, we have said in the past, trying to filter out subscribers and geographic market that we think would be less likely to stay. The other thing that ultimately, we think, the right answer is and that we will have with ViaSat-2 and we are going to try it in here is to take the volume caps out of play. And if people don't run into the volume caps, we think our churn levels will go down pretty meaningfully. And so that's one of things we are going to find out and we will be able to report more on in a couple of quarters from now. Does that answer your questions on those?
Michael Funk - Michael Funk - Merrill Lynch
Analyst
That did. One more quick follow-up, if I could please. So when you have (inaudible) around installation, you are not expensing all of the cost. Is that correct? Or are you expensing the entire thing when you install? So you have an equipment component to it as well, right?
Shawn Duffy
Management
Correct. So there is a capital portion that we capitalize, both the equipment and the install cost. And then the other element is commissions and marketing expenses are what we expense in the period.
Michael Funk - Michael Funk - Merrill Lynch
Analyst
Okay. So if we saw an acceleration in those early terminations, where would we see that and where we see that write down?
Shawn Duffy
Management
Well, it depends on the customer's behavior and whether they return the equipment or not. If they return the equipment, it comes back in to our pool and we can redeploy it. If they don't then we have some early termination fees that we can collect it with them and we will take the net value of that and that will hit in the current period of the disconnect.
Michael Funk - Michael Funk - Merrill Lynch
Analyst
Great. Thank you for being so thorough. I appreciate it.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Okay.
Operator
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ryan Rackley of Raymond James. Your line is now open.
Ryan Rackley - Raymond James
Analyst
Thanks, guys. So I got a bit mixed up on the churn language with the voluntary and involuntary, but is it fair to say, based on the data that you did give, which I think includes reduce churn, that gross adds were down sequentially?
Mark Dankberg
Management
We didn't cover. We didn't disclose gross adds this quarter. You can sort of figure it out from, just estimating where our churn has been and what the net was.
Ryan Rackley - Raymond James
Analyst
Okay.
Mark Dankberg
Management
First thing we said, even on the last call, we said that the June quarters are seasonally and we are predicting a seasonally lowest quarter and we did decline in April and May and begin to grow again in June.
Ryan Rackley - Raymond James
Analyst
Okay. All right, and then I guess, looking at the government business. Can you talk about the RFI for BFT 2.5? What that implies for future BFT 2 shipments? Does that mean that they are done sipping those? Or do you expect that to kick in later?
Rick Baldridge
Analyst
No, we continue to deliver some BFT 2 units to different customers, but the next award has been delayed a little bit here. So we are kind of at a low point in terms of shipping units but they are doing installs and we expect more orders. And we get the random orders from different customers here and there. But it is definitely off conservatively from where it was last year.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes. BFT was, I would say, more of a wartime specific capability that during a wartime there is very clear urgent need for it. Now they are less clear what the urgency is around the installation and deployment of units that they have. But they found the capability to be really, really worthwhile. I think so overall, that's what will make it enduring. It just won't have the intensity that it did during the peak parts of war.
Ryan Rackley - Raymond James
Analyst
So are you guys considering or looking at 2.5 as an opportunity?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Yes.
Ryan Rackley - Raymond James
Analyst
Okay. All right, great. Well, thank you.
Rick Baldridge
Analyst
Mark, why don't we only take one more.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Okay.
Operator
Operator
Thank you. Our last question comes from the line of Andrew Spinola of Wells Fargo. Your line is now open.
Andrew Spinola - Wells Fargo
Analyst
Thank you. Just on the fiscal Q2 commentary you gave on net adds, the bounce back to a level closer to the fiscal Q4. I am trying to understand how much of fiscal Q1 was maybe one off and how much of the rebound is the result of optimizing your filters and letting customers in that previously were blocked, but are appropriate plus lower churn now that you have worked through the problem? How much of the improvement is because of that versus just a normal rebound from seasonality?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Well, I don't know if we break it out specifically, but it was really, it was factors that we described, which is both us and some of our distribution partners wanted to understand some of these churn effects. We tend to have a strategy that says, we like to get a lift from seasonality in our marketing and promotion as supposed to fight seasonality. And so that, the combination, so you have to -- they sort of accentuate each of other, they are rather self reinforcing. So it is a little hard to break out the impact of our marketing spend from the seasonality, because we tend to do them in tandem. And then the other part that's I think is going to be pretty rewarding is that some of our distributors really are excited about these new plans because they see the same effects we do, which is the effect of caps and I think that, and this goes back to the question I had before about, what are we going to do when the promotions end. What we are really trying to understand is, okay, if this is a good way to project bandwidth, how should we price and present that in a way to make that part of the business grow and get the unit economics that we have had in the past. And we see some pretty good ways to do that with some of our distribution partners. So I think what you will see is, some of our distribution channels will turn out to do better this quarter as well. Right now, we don't really now how to assess the net combination of all those but that's why we sort of describe is similar to Q4, but the mechanisms will be different.
Andrew Spinola - Wells Fargo
Analyst
Fair enough, and then just one last one for me. Mark, if you think about this business on a much longer term timeframe than just a couple of quarters, I think we used to talk about maybe 20 to 30 million homes as the addressable market, so the unserved and underserved. And just it feels like maybe that number is a little on the big side now and I think it makes plenty of sense you are adjusting your business to where the best opportunities are, makes complete sense. I am just wondering, how do you think about the broadband market specifically and how does that translate into how you think about the economics and the addressable market for ViaSat-2 and beyond?
Mark Dankberg
Management
Okay. That's a really good question and it's a really important one. So basically, the way I would put it is, what it looks like is, if we are going to go to market with a 12 megabit, 10 gigabyte plan for an indefinite period of time, our market wouldn't be 20 to 30 million. Now the other things you want to take into account are people's expectations for broadband arising and so if you just looked at, so what is the definition of underserved, maybe this year the government will say that instead of being a four meg user you are underserved, they might say, if you don't have one megabyte, 10 megs, you are underserved And there is some interesting driving that to three megs by 25 megs. So when we think about ViaSat-2, what we think is, we are thinking of plans that are much more in that type of speed range, and as we talked about, we think if we can get rid of the volume caps, we are going to increase our addressable market. Now as an example, a three megabit, 25 megabit plan that's priced in the range where we are now with no volume caps is that have a 20 to 30 million addressable market. I am not sure. Maybe it takes a little more than that. It depends on who we are competing with and what people's expectations are, but what we are excited about is that we can use increments in technology and package it, and that's why we talk about packaging it in a way that gives us sort of both accommodation of a good addressable market and a good return. But it won't be that we offer a plan in 2014 and 2015 that we think is going to address 20 or 3 million homes on its own two or three years or four years from now. Does that answer your question about how we think about it?
Andrew Spinola - Wells Fargo
Analyst
It does. Thank you very much.
Mark Dankberg
Management
Okay. Thank you. Okay, I think that covers our call for today and thoughtful questions. So really thanks everybody for your time and attention and all the questions. We appreciate it.
Operator
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for participating in today's conference. This does conclude today's program. You may all disconnect. Have a great day, everyone.