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Waste Management, Inc. (WM)

Q2 2016 Earnings Call· Wed, Jul 27, 2016

$234.61

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Transcript

Operator

Operator

Good morning. My name is Jinisha, and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the Second Quarter 2016 Earnings Release Conference Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speakers' remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. I would now like to turn the conference over to Mr. Ed Egl, Director of Investor Relations. Thank you, Mr. Egl. You may begin your conference.

Ed Egl - Director-Investor Relations

Management

Thank you, Jinisha. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us for our second quarter 2016 earnings conference call. With me this morning are David Steiner, President and Chief Executive Officer; Jim Fish, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer; and Jim Trevathan, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. Before we get started, please note that we have filed a Form 8-K this morning that includes the earnings press release and is available on our website at www.wm.com. The Form 8-K, the press release and the schedule for the press release include important information. During the call, you will hear forward-looking statements which are based on current expectations, projections or opinions about future periods. Such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. Some of these risks and uncertainties are discussed in today's press release and our filings with the SEC, including our most recent Form 10-K. David and Jim will discuss our results in the areas of yield and volume, which unless otherwise stated, are more specifically references to internal revenue growth or IRG from yield or volume. During the call, David and Jim will also discuss our earnings per diluted share, which they may refer to as EPS or earnings per share, and David and Jim will address operating EBITDA and operating EBITDA margin as defined in the footnotes to the earnings press release. Any comparisons, unless otherwise stated, will be with the second quarter of 2015. The second quarter of 2016 and 2015 results have been adjusted to enhance comparability by excluding certain items that management believes do not reflect our fundamental business performance or results of operations. These adjusted measures, in addition to free cash flow, are non-GAAP measures. Please refer to the earnings press release footnote…

Operator

Operator

Your first question comes from the line of Joe Box of KeyBanc Capital.

Joe G. Box - KeyBanc Capital Markets, Inc.

Analyst · KeyBanc Capital

Hey, good morning guys. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Morning. James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: Good morning, Joe.

Joe G. Box - KeyBanc Capital Markets, Inc.

Analyst · KeyBanc Capital

I just wanted to flush out the better than expected performance within really just your gross margins here in the quarter, can – how much of that would you attribute to the volumes kind of really turning the corner here and maybe getting a little more route density within some of your higher margin businesses like commercial versus say the reduction in churn that you saw in the quarter and maybe not losing some of those more profitable existing customers? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. I think they are two sides of the same coin, right. I mean, I think our performance on the volume side was driven by both. You can't have continued volume increases when you're leaking customers out at the backend. So, we've really done a nice job this year of not only adding more new business, but losing less of our business. And so what I'd say Joe is that, we did a great job on that front. But as we get the tools in place to really understand profitability by customer. We can be a lot more focused on maintaining the right customers rather than just retaining the right number of customers. James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: Joe, I would say on the operating – with respect to operating expenses, that was a good story as well. We were up $22 million if you exclude that pension charge last year, but you're up $22 million on 3.3% top-line growth. So if you adjust for revenue growth, our salary and wages line improved by about 20 basis points and we really overcame the merit increase – the annual merit increase of about 2.5% and that increase in landfill operating costs.

Joe G. Box - KeyBanc Capital Markets, Inc.

Analyst · KeyBanc Capital

Got it. And I guess ultimately what I'm trying to get at it is, you've had the price lever that you've been pulling. Now you're starting to see volume. Obviously, you've been working the cost side, should we think about the incremental EBITDA margins maybe being north of that typical kind of 30-ish plus percent that I typically think about going forward? Is that a reasonable bogey? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. Certainly on the commercial line that's a reasonable bogey. I mean, you hit on it earlier which is the route density, the ability for us to add the right customers in the right location at the right price is really the core to our sales and marketing efforts.

Joe G. Box - KeyBanc Capital Markets, Inc.

Analyst · KeyBanc Capital

And David, just to be cleared, I was talking total company not just commercial on that incremental EBITDA? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. Well, the commercial line is – yes, you're absolutely right, certainly at the landfill line, it's higher than that. In the industrial line, it will be higher than that. But the commercial line is really where you get that benefit of added density.

Joe G. Box - KeyBanc Capital Markets, Inc.

Analyst · KeyBanc Capital

And then maybe just one last quick one, I'll turn it over. I think it's interesting that your commercial volumes are starting to turn the corner, really at the same time, it looks like the consumer maybe – could be getting a bit punkish. Are you thinking that this is going to be the beginning of a sustainable recovery in commercial volumes or would you caution us that it's going to be somewhat lumpy? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: No, when you look at what's happened to our commercial volume over the last, call it, 10 quarters. It's been a really steady progression of about 0.5% to 0.8% every single quarter. And so, the beauty of the commercial line of business is once you signup those customers, unless they go out business, they're with you for a long time. And with the churn rate going down, I would say we are at the beginning of the cycle, nowhere near the end. James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: Joe, I'd also add that most of our new customers, our greenfield sites, new customers, new startups, it's about at the 60% mark of new customers. So that tells you there is some economy positives occurring.

Joe G. Box - KeyBanc Capital Markets, Inc.

Analyst · KeyBanc Capital

Great. I appreciate the color. Thank you, guys. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Thank you.

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Andrew Buscaglia of Credit Suisse. Andrew E. Buscaglia - Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC (Broker): Hey, guys. Thanks for my question. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Sure. Andrew E. Buscaglia - Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC (Broker): So, just looking at your volumes, I mean, so now we've got our second quarter in a row of positive volumes, how did it track towards what you guys were expecting in the quarter, I know we had a lot of noise last quarter, but were these better than you expected? And then, how do things trend through July so far? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. I'd say they're a little bit ahead of where we expected. Like I said, the commercial line of business has been a very easy pattern to follow. The march has been very steady at about a 0.5 point to 1 point improvement every quarter. Obviously, the industrial line is a little bit more seasonal, and we probably had some of those volumes move into the first quarter, with the stronger construction season in the first quarter. The landfill line again has been a pretty steady march, again a little bit of extra volume probably in the first quarter. So I'd say we're a little bit ahead of where we are, but we don't expect the trend to change. That's why we think that we're on a very good march towards that positive 1% plus volumes by the end of the year. James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: Andrew, the big question that we had really at the end of the first quarter was how much volume did we borrow, because of the mild…

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Michael Hoffman of Stifel. Michael Hoffman - Stifel, Nicolaus & Co., Inc.: Hi, David, Jim, Jim, how are you today? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Hey, Michael. James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: Good morning. Michael Hoffman - Stifel, Nicolaus & Co., Inc.: So, I have a question on the price side. You noted that you had a delta of about 80 basis points year-over-year on the core but you had a 90 basis points on yield on a – in the inside solid waste. So you clearly, that's the right direction. You're retaining more price within the core. What are you doing proactively to offset the leakage from $450-ish million of price you're going to the market with versus what you reporting? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. Michael, as you've heard us talk about that's our Periscope project and Jim Trevathan is leading that, so maybe he can talk a little bit about what we're doing with Periscope. James E. Trevathan - Chief Operating Officer & Executive Vice President: Yeah. Michael, I – I – you've noticed well because that is absolutely true. Part of it can be mixed, that we don't have control over. But what we do have control over, we're seeing the benefit of that. We're retaining more of that price. Periscope and it's a self service analytical platform, it really marries kind of revenue cost unit data, gives us profitability and trending profitability. We can do it, Michael, by customer, by sales rep, we can do it by customer segment or a sales channel by route, geography. It really will help us as we move forward. We're about halfway through, rolling…

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Corey Greendale of First Analysis.

Ken C. Wang - First Analysis Securities Corp.

Analyst · Corey Greendale of First Analysis

Thank you. This is Ken Wang on for Corey. Just focusing on the decline in recycling volume this quarter, which I believe may be a part of the volume you're shedding. Can you speak a bit about the dynamics here just given that commodity prices have been on an upward trajectory recently? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. The bulk of those – of those volume declines were large contracts, where we were losing money and we rebid them to make money and someone else took the contract. And so losing those volumes is the best thing we can do for recycling because they were literally negative margin volumes.

Ken C. Wang - First Analysis Securities Corp.

Analyst · Corey Greendale of First Analysis

Okay. Thanks. That's helpful. And then kind of on the same topic. I know you put into place recycling contracts that limit price exposure. And again with prices up for commodities, how will this affect the bottom line? Is there kind of a formula that you can give us or some kind of rule of thumb? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah, and look, prices are up, not dramatically, just in that 2% to 3% range – for the quarter. So, not a dramatic increase in price. And as we look forward, remember, every year, you seem to have that seasonal uptick and then starting in July, it starts to tick down. So, we're not certain that we're going to see that benefit in the back half of the year. But, generally what we say is that every $10 in commodity prices equates to about $30 million of EBIT for us. And so what we've tried do in this business is to make sure that if commodity prices go down, our earnings don't take a negative hit, but if commodity prices go up, they take a positive hit. So we've tried to de-risk the business. So that there's no downside, only upside. If the commodity prices go down in the back half of the year, we think we can offset that with operational improvement. So, we don't expect any negative benefit in the back half of the year, if we see anything in the back half of the year, it will be a positive benefit from recycling. James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: And if you look at the whole first half of the year on recycling, while we were up in commodity prices for Q2 by about 2.3%, we're actually down still year-to-date over 4% in commodity prices and, to David's point, we think that'll probably even out, we're cautiously optimistic because of the dynamic that he mentioned with kind of high prices in Q2 and then they tail off in Q3 and Q4, but we're cautiously optimistic that we might be able to get to flat pricing. All of the benefit that you're seeing from recycling, a big chunk of the benefit you're seeing from recycling for us has been on the OpEx side where we've taken quite a bit of OpEx out for the first six months and we'll continue to do so in the back half.

Ken C. Wang - First Analysis Securities Corp.

Analyst · Corey Greendale of First Analysis

Thank you. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yep. Thank you.

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Al Kaschalk of Wedbush Securities.

Al Kaschalk - Wedbush Securities, Inc.

Analyst · Al Kaschalk of Wedbush Securities

Good morning, everyone. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Good morning. James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: Hey, Al.

Al Kaschalk - Wedbush Securities, Inc.

Analyst · Al Kaschalk of Wedbush Securities

From LA, I should say, right, as opposed to Houston. On the recycling piece, we can talk a little further on that please, a clarification. A couple years ago, you called out and I think it was actually dollar valued sort of the improvement that you were looking for operationally. A lot of it was through negotiating and re-negotiating contracts. Some of the commodity price headwinds et cetera. But where are we at in terms of that tailwind on the improvement? You earned $0.01, I think this quarter, or you commented that I think you had $0.01, which is the first time you turned profitable in a while and so, maybe I'll just leave it at that and let you take it from there to see if you can share an update on where you are at. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah sure. We're about 75% to 80% of the way through what I'd call those negative margin contracts. We still have a couple more that will roll off over the next six months to nine months. And so, and that's why say in the back half of the year, being 75% to 80% through those contracts, obviously we still have 20% to 25% that have some exposure to downward commodity prices. But, if that 20% to 25% sees downward commodity prices, we do think we can offset that with operational improvement. So, that's why I say in the back half of the year, there really is only upside from recycling. There really isn't much downside. Now, as we look back into the back half of year, we're not counting on a dramatic commodity price increase. But any commodity price increase that we have obviously falls straight to the bottom line.

Al Kaschalk - Wedbush Securities, Inc.

Analyst · Al Kaschalk of Wedbush Securities

All right. Are you hearing from customers in terms of new service adds in this area, are people – municipalities in particular – are they still – do they get it yet in terms of understanding the cost?. I know your messaging has been very direct there. But what's the feedback that you're getting as folks are looking at the service? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. Look, I think they get it. It's been a very prolonged downturn. This has been a different downturn than we've ever seen in the recycling markets. And so, I think they get it. Now, early on in the cycle you had some people that came in and bid some of these contracts under the old methodology, right. And they're not very happy with those contracts right now. So, in my mind, it sort of follows the same cycle that we saw with the fuel surcharge back in the early 2000s where initially people go well, we will count on the markets bouncing back. So we'll continue to bid under the old model. They're now stuck with three-year to five-year contracts where they're going to lose money for three years to five years. The next time those contracts come up, they will be bid more rationally. So, not only do the municipalities get it but I think that, that the recycling business community gets it too. And so, I think what you'll see is a much more rational bidding behavior over the next five years.

Al Kaschalk - Wedbush Securities, Inc.

Analyst · Al Kaschalk of Wedbush Securities

Switching gears on the industrial side, you guys were on record in talking about this being a very, very strong growth area for you. It suggests to me it was more M&A implied but also organically. Could you talk about the environment there? There's certainly been a few companies that have struggled in this area. We've had a fair amount of tailwind from sort of the energy comps, which largely now I think is dissipated out of the numbers, so-called easy comps, but and then I think Jim made some comments earlier about the C&D and special waste but just talk about you put up 9.5% price, which I think was pretty, you got that number right, correct. Where do we go from here? James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: Al, there is a couple of components of that industrial line of business. It's a big category. Of course energy services, I mean that we've had some questions, when we've been out talking to investors about are you seeing your energy services business coming back because you're seeing the price of oil bouncing back up and what we've said is look, energy services is really not so much driven by the price of oil, as it is driven by drilling activity and we've not seen drilling activity rebound in the form of recounts. So, the energy service piece is still pretty soft year-over-year. It's a pretty big negative for us that we've fought back against. Coal ash is another component. Coal ash, as you know, we have a big Duke contract that – that is proceeding well for us. And we're seeing some, certainly seeing the landfill impact from that contract. The utilities – the public utilities are out there developing their coal combustion residual…

Al Kaschalk - Wedbush Securities, Inc.

Analyst · Al Kaschalk of Wedbush Securities

Great. Jim, on your coal ash opportunity, there are a couple of companies. One in particular that has a fair amount of relationships with the utilities on the sort of selling that ash out for beneficial reuse. Is M&A an opportunity for you guys here? Understanding that disposal or the offsite work you certainly are set up for. But wondering about the onsite work – onsite work excuse me and the marketing of ash? James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: Yeah. So, M&A is an opportunity for us there. Although, we've bought a company called FlashDirect a couple of years ago. And they have really grown tremendously since the acquisition of since we acquired them a couple of years ago. So, while we're always looking for proprietary technologies and that's what FlashDirect brought to us. Right now, we feel good with that acquisition, but not to say we wouldn't look at another acquisition there or in any other space, in energy services for example, it's got to be properly priced and we don't want to kind of buy at the bottom, but and we can talk more about M&A later. But, yeah, we'd certainly be interested in acquisitions, we just need to make sure it's the right technology and provides the right returns.

Al Kaschalk - Wedbush Securities, Inc.

Analyst · Al Kaschalk of Wedbush Securities

Great. Finally David, if I can come back to your comment on your prepared remarks, I think you said that core price 4%, yield was 2%, and then you followed that with, it could moderate in the second half of 2016. Help me appreciate what you were – I won't say thinking at... David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. What I meant, Al, was that our original targets were 4% core price, 2% yield. We're going to exceed those, there is no doubt about it. This quarter it was 4.9%, so well above our target and 2.6%, well above our 2% target. And so, on the back half of the year, we've got some CPI headwinds, we've got some year-over-year comp issues, we've got the timing of price increases, so it might moderate a little bit. But, nothing dramatic, nothing that will dramatically affect profitability, we still expect that have a great back half of the year. And for the full-year, we'll clearly exceed that 4% core price target and that 2% yield target.

Al Kaschalk - Wedbush Securities, Inc.

Analyst · Al Kaschalk of Wedbush Securities

Okay. So, you're saying moderate from the 4.9% and 2.6%? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Exactly.

Al Kaschalk - Wedbush Securities, Inc.

Analyst · Al Kaschalk of Wedbush Securities

All right. We'll look forward to seeing the results. Thanks a lot. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Thank you. James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: Thanks, Al.

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Noah Kaye of Oppenheimer. Noah Kaye - Oppenheimer & Co., Inc. (Broker): Yes, thank you, good morning. Just wondering, if we can touch on the residential portion of the business. You did shed some of the unprofitable volumes. Can you give us an update on how you're tracking with migrating to the Waste CPI sub index, something that I know certainly competitors talked about quite a bit. Can you give us a way to sort of measure where you are in the progress of that initiative. James E. Trevathan - Chief Operating Officer & Executive Vice President: Noah, Jim Trevathan, here. We absolutely are focused on it not just with the residential line of business but with our national account business. With CPI obviously below one and not looking for any real strength in that number. We have migrated in that regard. We're – on new contracts, that is the goal of every new contract to have a metric that is closer to our cost increases rather than CPI. And we're on the residential side probably a third of the way through. On the national account side, we're getting a different metric on every renewal of a contract. It may not be the full wastewater treatment metric, that's generally 200 basis points, 300 basis points higher than CPI. But we see that as the way forward to minimize the margin deterioration as our costs go up, but yet CPI stays below one. So that is absolutely a focus and we're little less than halfway through, but again those are long-term contracts. So, as they change, that's the goal. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Noah, even with the positive progress that Jim just talked about on shifting within…

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Scott Levine of Imperial Capital.

Scott Justin Levine - Imperial Capital LLC

Analyst · Scott Levine of Imperial Capital

Hey, good morning, guys. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Morning, Scott.

Scott Justin Levine - Imperial Capital LLC

Analyst · Scott Levine of Imperial Capital

Just want to push a little bit more on the guidance revision. And what's behind, it looks like the recycling business did a little better than you were budgeting for in the first half of the year. 1Q exceptionally strong, volumes seasonally – maybe a little bit more detail on explicitly what's behind the guidance raise. And also you know, I know you don't give guidance first half versus second half per se, but is this mostly just outperformance in the first half or is it factors that should continue to lend themselves to upside in the back half of the year and beyond? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. When I look at the first half of the year and the outperformance in recycling, the outperformance in recycling is sort of offset by the underperformance on our leachate costs, which as we've said were up $22 million this quarter. And so those – actually that's a slight negative overall. And so from an – from a business point of view, when I look at the year, it's the plain and simple stuff, it's the blocking and tackling, price, volume and cost control, right. And we've seen steady progress on all three of those. We don't expect that to slow down. And so, the back half of the year, it obviously ramps up a little bit more than the first half of the year. But, we're pretty optimistic that we're going to continue to see the strong performance continue. Again it's blocking and tackling – price, volume, costs.

Scott Justin Levine - Imperial Capital LLC

Analyst · Scott Levine of Imperial Capital

Got it. Fair enough. Thanks. And as my follow-up, not to beat the dead horse on residential. But, I don't recall, I think you said, Jim, down 3.5% on volume. I don't recall offhand if that's better than it's been or maybe just a little bit more elaboration on what's driving the weakness. And it sounds like you're doing some things on the pricing side that are working well. But, how fixable is this or is this kind of an industry phenomenon and how confident are you that this business just in general that the metrics improve going forward? James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President: Yeah. Look it's about the same. I mean last quarter it was negative 3.4%. We've had some 2.6% and last year we had a couple of negative 3.6% on volume. So it's not been a great volume business for us. By the way, a lot of that is by design, but I think the changes that Jim talked about in those contracts are kind of back to David's point about de-risking the business or helping to de-risk the line of business. And then I think it's very important that we – we've had some very stiff competition within the resi line of business and so it's important for us to continue to push disposal price increases in addition to collection price increases. We're pushing collection price increases through this residential line of business on our customers, but I think it's important that we push disposal price increases on our third-party customers as well. They should have to pay their fair share.

Scott Justin Levine - Imperial Capital LLC

Analyst · Scott Levine of Imperial Capital

Is it a certain class of competitor, where you're seeing the issues of large residential contracts or it's just intense competition for them and landfill prices delever to drive improvement or is there more to it than that? James E. Trevathan - Chief Operating Officer & Executive Vice President: Yes, Scott, Jim Trevathan. I think part of the issue on some of that volume loss, not all of it, but enough that it's measurable are from our local competitors. When you look at interest rates where they are. They can lease trucks at a really low cost and come in and take some of the neighborhoods for example that are around the Houston area. Now they probably don't have the capital, the capability from a capital standpoint to handle one of the larger locations or franchises, but they put pricing pressure on some of those local neighborhoods, where they can get a couple of trucks really, really inexpensively and that's part of the effect. What we do is look at it from an integrated standpoint as Jim Fish said. We're integrated and we're taking the – handling the disposal internally and it's not flow controlled to another disposal site then, we're going to retain that business. Where it's not we'll turn that volume loose where it's a low collection margin and put that capital to work at a place that we get a better return. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: And the beauty of that is when you see that local competitor take on sort of a moderate sized residential contract. Generally, what happens is they lose their focus on the commercial and the industrial side. So, they're adding trucks on the residential side. We don't have any problem with that, as long as they're not adding trucks on the commercial industrial side. So, for us, it's really a matter of balance, where do you want to invest your capital? And for us, we'd much rather invest our capital on the commercial industrial side than on the residential side.

Scott Justin Levine - Imperial Capital LLC

Analyst · Scott Levine of Imperial Capital

Understood. Appreciate the color. Thanks.

Operator

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Michael Feniger of Bank of America ML. Michael J. Feniger - Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.: Thanks guys. With maybe not a large transaction on the horizon and with free cash flow coming in stronger than expected, could we maybe see more put to share buybacks or dividend growth perhaps, how are you guys thinking about that? David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Yeah. It's really a great question. And look, as we've said many times, our first priority would be to reinvest it in the business through acquisitions. The fact that we don't have one on the horizon doesn't mean, these things – these things happens fairly quickly. So, we want to make sure that we keep enough powder dry that if something comes along, we're able to act and act fast without leveraging up the balance sheet too dramatically. And so, we're always going to save a little bit of a dry powder to make sure that we can do any of those acquisitions that come along. And then, when we look at it, obviously our dividend yield has gone down with the stock price going up. And so, at the end of the year, when we look at our dividend, I would expect that we'll see another good increase in the dividend coming into the back half of the year. And then, on the share repurchase side, the bulk of the remainder of our cash goes to our share repurchase. We don't really time share repurchases. And so, we're going to ultimately do sort of $500 million to $800 million of share repurchases every year and I'd expect to see that continue. Michael J. Feniger - Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.:…

Operator

Operator

Your final question comes from the line of Tyler Brown of Raymond James. Patrick Tyler Brown - Raymond James & Associates, Inc.: Hey good morning guys. James E. Trevathan - Chief Operating Officer & Executive Vice President: Morning, Tyler. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Morning. Patrick Tyler Brown - Raymond James & Associates, Inc.: Hey congrats on the swinging the pendulum over to the positive side on commercial volume, but Jim Trevathan, can you talk a little bit about the frontload fleet to how much excess capacity do you think you have in that fleet and how much of volume growth do you think you could absorb before you would have to see a bump in CapEx? James E. Trevathan - Chief Operating Officer & Executive Vice President: Yeah. Tyler, we have plenty of capacity. There are a handful of markets, where we've added some frontload capacity on the route side, but our system has plenty of capacity when you look across the whole network to handle more volume. There are places as I said earlier that we've added routes, but with the tools that we now have to service delivery optimization and SDO with the onboard computers. When we add that we're adding it at that low cost basis rather than just a truck handling a handful of customers, we re-route regularly with that tool and make sure that the efficiency numbers stay up and they have as we've added volume in high growth market. So, I don't think you're going to see the huge impact whether it's to efficiency, you will see most of those dollars on the commercial customer additions going to the bottom line. Patrick Tyler Brown - Raymond James & Associates, Inc.: Okay. James C. Fish - Chief Financial Officer…

Operator

Operator

I will now turn the call over to Mr. David Steiner for an announcement and closing remarks. David P. Steiner - President, Chief Executive Officer & Director: Thank you. In a year where there doesn't seem to be a lot of good presidential news, we actually have some very good presidential news here at Waste Management. Today, we'll be issuing a press release and we're going to file an 8-K, announcing that we're promoting Jim Fish to the role of President. I wish I could promote him to role of President of the United States, but unfortunately all I can do is promote him to President of Waste Management. As part of our ongoing succession planning process, the board and I felt that the next logical step in that process was for us to name Jim President. We are conducting a search for a new Chief Financial Officer, who will report to Jim and while that search is underway, Jim will retain his CFO responsibilities. Obviously, you all on the phone know Jim very well. Many of you have worked with him for a while now, so you know why the board and I have such confidence in him. He has really been pivotal to the success of our company and he's also a talented leader with tremendous knowledge of all aspects of our business. The promotion is a well deserved recognition of his past accomplishments and another step in his development as a leader. I'm sure, you'll join me, our board, our senior leadership team and the rest of our Waste Management family in congratulating Jim on this great achievement. And with that operator, we will see you next quarter. Thank you.

Operator

Operator

Thank you for participating in today's Waste Management conference call. This call will be available for replay beginning today at 1:30 PM Eastern Standard Time through 11:59 PM Eastern Standard Time on August 11, 2016. The conference ID number for the replay is 4398-6112. Again, the conference ID number for the replay is 4398-6112. The number to dial for the replay is 855-859-2056. This concludes today's Waste Management conference call. You may now disconnect.