Good day, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to The Carlyle Group’s Third Quarter 2017 Earnings Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. Later, we will conduct a question-and-answer session and instructions will follow at that time. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder today’s conference call is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Daniel Harris, Head of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Thank you, Candice. Good morning and welcome to Carlyle’s third quarter 2017 earnings call. With me on the call today are our Co-Chief Executive Officers, David Rubenstein; Bill Conway; along with Chief Financial Officer, Curt Buser. In addition, we have our Chairman and Co-Founder Daniel D'Aniello, along with Glenn Youngkin and Kewsong Lee also on the call. Earlier this morning, we issued a press release and detailed earnings presentation, a copy of which is available on our investor relations website. Following our remarks, we will hold a question-and-answer session for analysts and institutional investors. To ensure participation by all those on the call, please limit yourself to one question and return to the queue for any follow-ups. This call is being webcast and a replay will be available on our website. We will refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures during today’s call. These measures should not be considered in isolation from or as a substitute for measures prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. We have provided reconciliations of these measures to GAAP in our earnings release. Any forward-looking statements made today do not guarantee future performance and undue reliance should not be placed on them. These statements are based on current management expectations and involve inherent risks and uncertainties, including those identified in the Risk Factor section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated. Carlyle assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements at any time. With that, let me turn the over to Bill Conway to begin our prepared remarks this quarter.

Good morning and thank you, Dan. For today’s call we’re going to alter our typical speaking order in-light of the transition plan we announced last week. Curt and I will discuss the firm’s trends and quarterly results, David will talk about the overall state of the firm, and then we will have brief comments from our Co-Founder and Chairman, Dan D'Aniello; and incoming Co-CEOs, Glenn Youngkin and Kewsong Lee. For our next earning call in February 2018 Kew, Glenn, and Curt will be on point. Our results for the third quarter of 2017 demonstrate the continued momentum in our business. We generated pre-tax distributable earnings of $260 million and will distribute $0.56 per common unit to our unit holders. Our investment portfolio continues to perform well. Our carry funds appreciated 3% for the quarter and 19% over the last 12 months. E&I was $203 million in the quarter and $903 million year-to-date. In addition, we are in the midst of one of our best fund-raising years in the last decade and 2017 could ultimately wind up as our best year ever. We continue to focus on the four goals we have discussed all year. Investing wisely and creating value, raising $100 billion in new capital, building a world-class credit platform, and resolving the legacy issues that we have faced in recent years. We have made substantial progress on each of these objectives. With respect to the first goal, investing wisely and creating value, we invested $6.9 billion in the quarter, the highest quarterly level since our IPO and $20.8 billion over the past 12 months. Despite a challenging investment environment, our investment pace remains robust as our teams are creatively finding good places to put money to work. A few of the notable CPE investments we made this quarter were…

Thank you, Bill. As bill mentioned, our business is in great shape and position for continued improved performance. Throughout the year, we have demonstrated Carlyle’s growing earnings power through our improved production of economic net income. Year-to-date, we have generated $903 million in E&I or $2.46 per unit after-tax, over three times the per unit amount we earned in the first nine months of 2016. We generated $260 million of distributable earnings in the quarter, up about $30 million from a year ago, and declared a $0.56 distribution. Fee-related earnings were $96 million for the quarter. FRE includes net incremental recoveries of $74 million under our insurance policies related to the commodities matter for which we recorded the related chargers in FRE and distributable earnings in Q4 2016 and Q2 2017. FRE would have been $22 million in the quarter, exclusive of these insurance recoveries. Let me also spend a minute on the earnings impact associated with the resolution of the Carlyle Capital Corporation Litigation. As a reminder, in 2015 we initiated a reserve related to the CCC Litigation, negatively impacting E&I at that time, but not affecting FRE or DE as it was a non-cash charge. With the favorable CCC ruling this quarter, we have now reversed the reserve increasing E&I by $25 million. Just as in 2015, the resolution did not affect FRE or DE. Cash compensation expenses increased in the current quarter, reflecting the fact that we have outpaced our performance objectives for the year and therefore expect to incur higher compensation expense. We will finalize the actual level of cash compensation during our normal year on process. Equity-based compensation came in at $30 million in the quarter down from $33 million a year ago. Otherwise, expenses were about the same as the third quarter of 2016.…

Thank Curt. Because this is the final earnings call that Bill and I will lead, we both thought it would be appropriate to provide a few parting thoughts about the private investment industry, this firm, our successors, and our ongoing roles. Today, the world of private equity has more than $2.5 trillion under management doubling in size over the last decade, while the world of private credit has gone throughput over the past 10 years to more than $600 billion under management. As the world's liquidity grows and as the constant search for returns intensifies, most independent observers believe that the private investment world will continue to grow quite significantly and we agree with that judgement. As a result, a great many investment firms in the U.S. and abroad, small firms and large firms can be expected to grow and to attract both significant amounts of funds to invest and talented individuals to invest and oversee these funds. Among the principal beneficiaries of this phenomenon will likely be the large, global multiproduct and publicly traded firms for they are best position to attract capital and talent as a result to consistently achieve the returns desired by investors. Carlyle illustrates it's point quite well. Today, the firm manages $174 billion and the ongoing effort to raise $100 billion of new capital is going more smoothly than even we had anticipated. No doubt, the favorable fundraising environment is a plus, but we believe our fundraising success reflects a number of attributes associated with Carlyle. Our 30-year track record, the quality of existing investment portfolio, the experience in focus of our 630 investment professionals, our truly global presence reflected in our 31 offices, the quality of our senior operating executives, our well-known global brand, and our culture of always placing investors first. Indeed,…

Thank you, David. I want to thank the Carlyle Board of Directors, a group that has been working closely with us since we went public five and a half years ago. The board pursued a thoughtful and methodical approach to succession and concluded that the best choice for the future success and continuity of the firm was to promote the strong Next Generation leaders we had developed internally over the years. Lawton Fitt, the lead independent Director of Carlyle’s board led this process with a sub-committee of independent directors and we are grateful for their leadership and guidance. I enthusiastically share the excitement of this watershed event with my cofounders David and Bill as we all look forward to working closely together with Glenn, Kew and Pete on the firm's Executive Group and Board while remaining substantial investors in Carlyle's funds and units. Glenn and Kew, would you like to say some words.

Thanks Dan. Kew, Pete and I deeply appreciate the trust that our Founders and the Board of Directors are placing in us. As you heard this morning, the firm has strong momentum in all four segments. To put it simply, the funds are performing well, our investors are trusting us with increasing amounts of capital and our financial results demonstrate those positive trends. It is this momentum and the continued support from our founders that underpins our excitement about Carlyle's future. I’ve had the pleasure of working closely with our fund investors, our unit holders, and the analyst community over the past five years, and I look forward to building those relationships further. Our public unitholder audience will now have the opportunity to interact more with Kew as well. He’s already been on the front lines with our investment teams and the fund investors for several years. He is an exceptional investor and a terrific business builder, and I look forward to partnering with him for years to come. Kew?

Thanks Glenn. Over the past 30 years the founders have created a truly remarkable firm, built on integrity, collegiality and investment excellence. We’re always striving to do the right thing and leave the industry in transparency. As an investment firm, we focus on delivering attractive returns to our limited partners across industry sectors, geographies, and across economic cycles. Glenn and I intend to lead no differently and we’re very excited to work together to ensure Carlyle remains a well-positioned firm as we drive the firm to that next level. Our priorities are quite simple. Namely, continue to build upon Carlyle's multi-decade track record of investment success, sustain and nurture the culture that our founders created, and always put our investors first. Carlyle is well positioned to achieve the goals that Bill outlined in his opening comments and I look forward to discussing our results in future direction with all of our constituents in the years to come. Let me conclude with a simple statement of appreciation that on behalf of Glenn and me we are grateful for the confidence that our founders and the board have placed in us. Thank you. Now back to David.

Thank you. A final word. Many of you have been listening to us quarterly for five years. We thank you for working as hard as you have to learn our company. We know that Carlyle is complex and may not always be as easy to comprehend as might be desired. We appreciate your efforts to understand the firm and to repeat, while we are disappearing from these cause, we are not disappearing from the firm. We will certainly miss our quarterly interaction with all of you. We look forward to working with Glenn, Kew and Pete and the rest of Carlyle and convinced the best is yet to come for the firm. Now, we’re ready to take your questions.

[Operator Instructions] And our first question comes from Michael Cyprys of Morgan Stanley, your line is now open.

Hi, good morning. Thanks for the taking the question and Glenn and Kewsong congratulations on your new role. Just curious if you could talk to some of the metrics that you will be evaluated on in terms of compensation, how that will be determined and if you could also talk about how that ties into alignment with generating long-term shareholder value?

This is Bill, let me start on kind of as a member of the Board. I will - I think that the Board will be evaluating their performance. First of all, we do have these goals that we have set for our business that we’re in the middle of and are making great progress on, that I think are going to be the relatively short-run priority for example, raising the $100 billion, investing wisely, building the credit business and making sure we don’t have any future problems of the type we had in the past. And I think that will be one of the ways that they will be evaluated. Their compensation package is structured really to align themselves both with the limited partners and with the unit holders. For example, their bonus will be only based upon the dividends that are paid, the distribution that are paid to the unit holders. There is a certain number of shares that they will allocated, only it is the share equivalents and the dividend on those shares will constitute their bonus. So as the unit holders profit, so will they from the standpoint of their short-term bonus. In addition, the longer-term incentive plan is a combination of time vested and performance vested units. The Board each year will set the criteria for the performance vesting, but it’s likely to be on such things as investment performance DE, FRE, fund raising.

Great. Thank you for the color there. Just as a follow-up, maybe you could talk a little bit about the credit business, I was hoping you could just share an update in terms of the build out of that business, give us a sense maybe of some of the people that you brought in, their expertise and what we can expect over the next year or two in terms of additional hires and where inorganic growth might fit into the mix.

Okay, I’ll start and I think Kew will maybe add a little bit of color afterwards. First of all, our credit business is already a pretty big successful business, just, I think compared to some of our competitors frankly it’s not nearly as bigger or successful as their business is, and I think we can change that. It’s about $32 billion in assets. A big part of that business is our COO business where we’ve had a - frankly a great track record for 15 years or so. This, the CLOs we had have performed fabulously, even during for example the global financial crisis. All of them are in positive net rates of return, none of them went sideways or anything else. We’ve issued five of them so far this year and we have got about $3 billion worth and hopefully we will do more of those as we go forward. We have a great distressed business, we are on our fourth distressed fund now, the first three funds weren’t only top quartile, I think they were all top decile funds. And we’re not as bigger as well known to some of our competitors, but our performance has been wonderful. Going forward, we’re looking at some other businesses that we would like to build around them. For example, a credit opportunities fund and a - we already have an energy mezzanine fund that has been our second fund there. And I would say that in terms of the new talent maybe I will let Kew talk a little bit about that starting with Mark Jenkins.

Bill hit on the highlights, which is we already have a world-class credit platform and now we need to do more with it. Mark, we brought in a little over a year ago from CPP IB is a top-notch investor and business builder. And behind Mark, we also brought in Alex Popov, and other investment professionals and were quite excited about the progress we’ve made in credit opportunities, which has recently closed a little bit less than a $1 billion for a first-time fund and is off to a very good start. Obviously, you guys know about the BDC, which just went public and we are in the midst of raising more money behind that direct lending team and I think the key thing to understand though is, we’re operating as a broad platform in the credit space. And the brand of Carlyle, just like in the PE business resonates quite well with our limited partnership base and we’re quite optimistic about our future prospects. Now, it’s early days, there is a lot of hard work, we are investing behind people, behind teams, and it’s going to take a little time for all that to pay off, but early days are quite positive with not only what we’ve had in place, but with the new talent and leadership that we brought to the platform.

Thank you, and our next question comes from Ken Worthington of JPMorgan. Your line is now open.

Hi, good morning. In terms of compensation there was a big increase in direct comp during the quarter, so what drove the increase and as we think about 4Q, does this seem like a good base rate to think about for next quarter, as well as 2018 when you both have new CEO contracts kicking in, as well as what we expect to be kind of an acceleration in fundraising? Thanks.

Ken is Curt. Hey, thanks for your question. Compensation expense in the third quarter really reflects the performance and that we have been seeing, so if you just think back to $900 million of E&I thus far this year, appreciation has been really strong, you know 14% year-to-date and corporate private equity is 23% year-to-date, we’ve, you know fundraising has been going really well and equally important we’ve really wrapped up a lot of our problems as we’ve already talked about. Had that stuff not occurred, you would not see this increase in comp in the third quarter but given that we’re hitting the ball really well, it was appropriate to make the adjustment to reflect the improved performance of the firm. We will finalize all these numbers at year-end, hard to say exactly where that will shape out, but I don't expect a material change from baseline comp, what you will see in the fourth quarter is really fundraising. So, we’re doing very well from a fundraising perspective and what can very well come through in the fourth quarter is much larger fundraising compensation, but that’s really just reflective of the fact that a very strong expected fundraising for Q4. Finally, we will just put all the numbers in perspective. So, as I look at the nine months already, if you add up all of the cash comp year-to-date it’s $478 million that compares to $453 million last year. That’s a $25 million increase, but $18 million of that increase is fundraising. So, it’s $7 million or less than 2% increase over last year. So, I really thought we’ve managed it really well, especially as we’re focused on performance. Going forward, we’ve talked about really the increase in fundraising and hold that thesis up very nicely for an increase in fee-earning AUM, management fees, and fee-related earnings and performance fees in the longer term. Those are the things we’re focused on and as we manage that FRE uptick that’s how we will be thinking about comp in 2018 and beyond, hopefully that helps.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Craig Siegenthaler of Credit Suisse. Your line is now open.

Thanks, good morning everyone. One of your competitors has been active and very public with the formation of new strategic partnerships, which added $7 billion of AUM, I’m just wondering does Carlyle already have relationships of this type with your core LPs and are you looking to build these types of partnerships?

We do have some partnerships like these called special management agreements that we would have. We have some investors, large ones who have committed to us billions of dollars and they would invest across a number of funds and conceivably in co-investments as well. We don't talk about them one by one or anything, we just kind of - in today's world, particularly the sovereign wealth funds just have enormous amounts of money. What they're looking for obviously is core investment opportunities and lower fees and of course we would like to have them pay of course higher fees, but that doesn't work out that way. Go ahead David.

The sovereign wealth funds are most interested in having these so-called strategic relationships, probably more so than the US public pension funds, and we and our peers have entered into arrangements with them. We don't generally advertise them, but they are designed to give them maybe more information about what we see are going on in the world very good co-investment opportunities into return for very, very large commitments, and I don't think that any of the peers that we have had done things that we really haven't done in this direction. I know that there have been some that have been announced recently by some of the US public pension funds, but really, we all have done a fair number of these, and to be honest there’s a limited number of so-called strategic relationships you could really have, you couldn't be married to 15 different people. So, we have a number of them, we don't advertise them, but we’re quite happy with our relationships with the largest sovereign wealth funds in the world.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Mike Carrier of Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Your line is now open.

All right thanks everyone. Hey Curt maybe, just maybe if you could - I guess maybe clarify or give us a little bit of color, I know these things are difficult, but you mentioned, you know in the fourth quarter just given Asia and US, you know fund raisings going to be active and you have the related cost, and then as we get into 2018 and 2019 just how you’re thinking about the increase in management fees kicking in versus some of those fundraising cost slowing down and then ongoing build out in credit, I’m just trying to like kind of separate out sort of the noise or the transition to when you get to that kind of run rate, and I know in the past you guys have given some color on that, but just any of date on how to be thinking about that or if anything has changed?

Mike thanks. Look, I really detest giving a flurry of guidance on specific numbers, but having said that - let me just reiterate what I have said in the past. We said before that we previously hit a peak of about $250 million of FRE and I’m very comfortable that we can again see that kind of number if not more. And if you drill down behind that, I think one of the things that we are really working on is to raise much larger funds in corporate private equity. And as we do that, you know with already a very successful business we will become even bigger and more profitable. Second, real assets has real momentum behind it, you’ve already seen this year, both in terms of real estate and the NGP, as well as the energy funds, we have a lot of momentum there, infrastructure will add to that, I think that that business will also really kick in, in a much more healthy way in 2018. Next, you heard Kew and Bill talk about our credit business that’s been hard to kind of see that given all the cost we have been incurred plus getting rid of all the hedge funds that’s all behind us and so I really think that that business can really be underpinning our FRE growth in the future, especially as we really go out in the $30 billion that it is now. And then let’s not forget investment solutions. The team there has really done a nice job. The capital raise this year has been very good and so I think that that also underpins future growth in FRE as well as performance fees. So overall, I’m feeling pretty good about kind of where the firm goes. Every quarter is going to have its ups and downs, but the trajectory is looking pretty strong.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Bill Katz of Citigroup. Your line is now open.

Okay, thank you very much. Just a two-part question, I guess. First part, Curt maybe just following up on that, is there a way to think about what a normalize FRE margin might be as you look out to sort of that crest of FRE itself on an absolute basis? And then maybe stepping back it looks to me like some of the near-term distributor our earnings type of dynamics softened a little bit, if I looked at four plus year aged or what is publicly traded, and Bill or others, I was wondering that if you guys sort of comment on how you sort of see where you get the realizations come from here? And then again thanks to everyone and good luck to everyone in their new roles.

Bill, thanks. So first, with respect to fee-related earnings margins and the like, generally that has not been, we have a high cost model really built around having the diversity in the platform. And so, we're really focused on as getting the full benefit of the diversity across the platform from all four businesses. You’re not going to see probably a material uptick in margins on a sustained basis until we really get the credit business doing well, that’s where we will really drive it. You will see some increases of a small amount, but nothing has materially changed on a long-term basis, but you will see this increase in management fees and that’s what’s going to really give us the benefit. Secondly, with respect to carry, the first thing is obviously thinking about our generation of performance fees, and the growth in accrued care. So, this quarter accrued care is about 1.5 billion, essentially about flat with down 70 million from last quarter but up substantially from a year ago, and you can kind of see that on Page 5. If you think longer-term, we’re in good shape to continue to build this. If you look on Page 29 of the earnings release, if you look at some of the major funds there you will see a lot access showing which are in accrued carry. The current generation of funds like Carlyle Partners VI has an 11% net IRR as of September 30, it’s roughly 84% invested, it has more run rate to go in terms of causing that total [indiscernible] in the returns to go up, so I can see more accrued carry being built out of that. Asia Partners IV 17% net IRR, 76% invested it is in accrued carry, I think there is more run rate there as well. Europe Partners IV, 7% net, not yet an accrued carry, full expectation is that it will be and that will be a big part for accrued carry. Same stories for NGP 11, real estate 7, Japan 3, international energy there is just a live-on here that’s going to continue to build our accrued carry balance. From our realization perspective we still have roughly 20% of the portfolio that’s over four years old, it is like 22% that portion will still be a able to contribute. Yes, our public portfolio is smaller than it has been, roughly about 14% now, but three very large public companies are in funds that are in accrued carry, and so you have the ability to realize from there as well. So overall, I think we’re in pretty good shape. The real key is, I look at as our ability to continue to grow accrued carry so that we can reload that pipeline if you will.

And just to add on to that Curt. We have been building accrued carry. This quarter it fell under $100 million, but we’ve been building it for the last year or so. In terms of where we are going to generate this DE going forward, I do think it’s certainly true that the public portfolio is now down to just about $10 billion of whereabouts. I think the top 10 positions are just under $10 billion. And in the past when you have company’s public, it’s easy to get liquidity out of the public company sometimes in days out of private companies. This frankly is a part of a much bigger trend in terms of the - what I will call the decline in the importance of the public markets. The total number for example, publicly traded stocks in the United States has been cut in half in the last 20 years. The number of IPOs is down, probably 80% in the last decade or so. So, the public markets are becoming much different than they used to be and I think that’s a factor perhaps even in the size of our publicly traded portfolio. We still have carried a fair value in the ground of about $68 billion of which 22% is a little than four years. So, in terms of where we have the capability to get the additional DE is from those investments that have already been made. It’s one of the reasons why you have to kind of keep investing even when you think sometimes asset prices are high, which we do today.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Robert Lee of KBW. Your line is now open.

Thank you, good morning. First, Bill, Dave, Dan congrats on building the firm to this point over the years and Glenn and Kew congrats on your new rules and best of luck to everyone. Maybe the first question, it hasn't been touched on, but you did announce a few weeks back about a joint venture with Oppenheimer in the wealth management market and can you maybe just update us on what that is what your expectations are when you may be expect some product launches through that JV as we look into 2018?

Hi Robert, it’s Kew here. Yes, we did announce a few weeks back this joint venture with Oppenheimer funds. We’re going to be offering some credit products that are credited in mass affluent investors and I think this brings together Carlyle's investment expertise with Oppenheimer funds extensive product structuring and distribution capabilities. They’ve got over 180 people going after this channel, and I think it’s early days and I don't want to get into it, but you should expect that we will have some type of an offering that invest across Carlyle's global credit platform sometime in the first half of 2018. And so more to come with respect to that joint venture and partnership.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Patrick Davitt of Autonomous Research. Your line is now open.

Hi, good morning thanks. Building on Craig’s question earlier on the permanent partnership. We’ve seen a couple of your competitors be pretty vocal about wanting to be much bigger in permanent capital, could you update us on the percent of your AUM that you would consider permanent and your view on making that a focus in terms of getting bigger in terms of a contribution?

Well, we have raised some so-called permanent capital funds or long-term funds. We have a long term private equity fund that Kew helped organize and that is doing quite well and I expect it will be a successor to that that will probably be bigger than the initial one, but one thing I think people should take into account is that, when you have a reputation as we do and as other peers we have compete with do, and you go out and raise a successor buyout fund, while you have to go out and raise it it’s, I won’t call it permanent capital, but it’s very likely you can raise these funds for quite some time into the future. So, when we have our current US buyout funds $13 billion, when we go out and raise the successor one, which we are now doing we’re fairly comfortable that we’re going to get a fund of at least that size if not more, and so while it’s not technically permanent capital, we have a pretty good ability to get capital when we need it, and we really haven't struggled to raise capital in any recent time any of the major funds that we really have. So, we are always looking at different permutations of how you can raise capital, but I would say, right now the model that we have is one that we are pretty reasonably comfortable with. We may from time to time look for additional ways to raise additional capital on different forms, but right now our business model is in reasonably good shape in getting the capital we need when we need it.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Brian Bedell with Deutstche Bank. Your line is now open.

Great, thanks very much and also congrats on everyone and best of luck. Maybe just on the investment outlook, though I know you have been pretty cautious on elevated evaluations for a while, maybe if you could just update us on your perspective? And also, Kewsong, given your role in this area maybe just, I don't know if Peter is on the call as well, but if you guys could touch on, how we view capital deployment in CPE going forward given evaluations and maybe which regions do you think there might be a strategic pivot towards?

Well, first of all thank you for the question. The question is probably easier than the answer. Yes, we do think asset prices are high, and I think they are particularly high in the United States, compared to the average in the last decade or so it’s about 25% over the last - over that average price for that period of time. Interestingly that doesn't mean that going forward returns are going to be negative or anything, it just means they are likely to be lower than they otherwise would be given the fact that prices are relatively high today. I think it’s led Carlyle frankly to have to be evolved in some ways. For example, in our fund V in the United States, we did a number of deals that were public to private. In Fund VI we have done one out of 20 deals, less than 5% of the capital has been a public to private. Today with a relatively high level of the public marketplace and frankly the complications of taking public company's private where you tend to get sued by people who complain they did not get high enough price or actually they just want more whether or not they got a high enough price. I think it has been a tough kind of part of the strategy. We bought five more private companies, faster growing private companies led by founders who helped to build them. Examples of those in the past have been companies like Beats and Vogue, the hair products company, where we’ve - obviously we have done very well on those, but they were private companies, they never went public and we bought them, we helped them build, but frankly one of the big reasons for going public has disappeared. It used to…

Yes. Brian, I would say first of all, we have 600 professionals across the world and over 30 offices doing nothing more than looking for that next great deal and you have to keep in mind finding deals this is - it is not months, it is a multi-year timeframe with which to do all the hard work to get a deal done, but with industry focus and with the coverage that we have, I think we're very well positioned and Bill pointed out some of the regional areas that we’re leaning into, but I’d only add a couple of thoughts. First off all, over the past several years all of you have - will know corporate M&A activity has really spiked up. And out of that will come divestitures and carveouts which Carlyle is very well known for. I think if there is one area where we’ve really been distinctive in is the ability to get very large scale carveouts done successfully like Axalta for instance. And then second taking an industry theme, healthcare is, while mature in the state is still under penetrated in certain parts of the world, particularly in Asia, and our global healthcare presence is quite strong and we’ve done a lot of things there in India and in China and in Japan. And so, I think we’re very well positioned, I would leave you with one thought though, you know the $6.9 billion of investments that we put into the ground this quarter on a very challenging investment environment, a little less than half - a little more than half of that was CPE. And the reason I make that point is, we have a broadly diversified platform and you are seeing us being able to hopefully varied in a discipline way, put that money into the ground, not only in credit, but in energy, in real estate and through our investment solutions in a terrific AlpInvest team. So, I think broadly speaking it’s a very tough environment, but we have the teams and the diversified platform with which to keep pushing forward.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Alex Blostein of Goldman Sachs. Your line is now open.

Great. Hi, good morning everybody. It was just a kind of follow-up to the last point you guys were making - was hoping to spend a minute on the solutions business, it is a business not getting I thing enough focus from investors and obviously it hasn't been a huge contributor to earnings in the past, but I guess as you guys look out, how should we think about the new AlpInvest funds coming into carry and overall kind of contribution from that business to E&I and DE over the next couple of years? Thanks.

Thanks Alex. This is Glenn. So, yes, I do think that the solutions business has been a little bit in the shadows. It’s beginning to emerge and we don't want to raise expectations too high because it’s a longer process for the that business, particularly when it comes to generating performance fees. The one distinction in that business is that their performance degeneration comes at the back end of their funds and the funds that we’re earning performance fees in today are the ones that started post our acquisition in 2012. And so that’s why when Curt comments that we actually have seen for this quarter strong performance fee generation it really is those new funds that have been launched in the last few years that have had very strong investment performance that are beginning now to finally kick in. So, we will see this build over time. The too big businesses that of course to watch there are the Secondaries fund where we had $6.5 billion fundraise that concluded in the first quarter and that fund is being deployed and of course the co-invest program that Curt mentioned in his comments, which is at the top of its cap and that is being deployed as well. We will have some new products that we are deploying. We also are seeing strong fund performance out of the Metropolitan real estate platform and we’re in the market right now, but they are second there - with the secondary in co-invest funds. So just continuing to watch this build steady, it won't be a big spike, but it will be a steady contributor in an increasing way over time and it is all underpinned by just great investment performance, so these guys are doing a super job.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Gerald O'Hara of Jefferies. Your line is now open.

Great, thanks. Just maybe one for Curt and with respect to the preferred equity raise here, I guess roughly a month ago, you noted to fund various growth in initiatives with that - with proper kind of interpretation there be sort of relative to fundraising or is there perhaps something you could say in addition or maybe just elaborate on those growth initiatives? Thanks.

Hi, thanks for the question. We are really pleased to have gotten the 400 million raise, it’s great execution, it’s really helpful in terms of all the players that work with this on, so very pleased to have that, definitely helps us from the balance sheet perspective. As we see forward though, this is - they are to look at opportunities to grow the business, we’re very careful about how we do that, but it is also to invest in our funds as we complete the $100 billion capital raise. So, remember we invest 0.75% to 1% into our funds, and so you think about $100 billion that requires some capital there. Kew has talked about the growth in the credit business, that’s where I see kind of, having this capital to support building out that credit platform. So, hopefully that helps.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Robert Lee of KBW. Your line is now open.

Thanks for taking my follow-up. I’m just curious with - I mean fundraising clearly is going extraordinarily well, but I’m - could you maybe update us a little bit on how there may be the complexion of LPs is there, is an evolving, I think it would be interested to get a sense of, are you seeing, you know existing investors as a lot of the incremental capital coming from existing investors moving into additional products, you know uping their commitments and may be your success in bringing on relatively new LPs into the family so to speak?

I would say that, if you look at our historic fundraising sources of capital and you look at where we are getting money from today or in the last 12 months there has been some slight change. We are seeing more money coming in now from sovereign wealth funds that we did historically. We are seeing that public pension funds being still very, very large. It takes all of our peers; their biggest source of capital really is US public pension funds for these carry funds. Second, now I would say is probably the sovereign wealth funds, and third probably what I would call retail, which is to say, a feeder funds or high network of family offices. And in our own case, we have found over the years that investors like us in one product they will invest in other products, So I think the numbers are something like 60% of our capital is now coming from investors who are six or more of our funds, and actually 10% of our capital is coming from people who are in 20 or more of our funds. So, there is no doubt that if you like one Carlyle product you would likely to take a look at another one and probably be happy with that as well. So, we think that’s a very good position for us and a trend that we think we can continue. Right now, the fundraising efforts, our biggest challenge in fundraising are over allocation, I think we just said, we are going to be oversubscribed and when you are oversubscribed you have the difficulty of going to investors who have been waiting for long time and saying, while we are sorry, we have been with us a long time but this is enough room for you in the funds. So that’s why we are telling everybody if they want to come into these funds they got to be in the first closing if they want to get their full allocation. And so, the biggest challenge we have now is really how to allocate among our very good loyal investors around the world, but the available size fund that we have in the various funds, it’s a good problem to have, but it’s one nonetheless we spend a fair amount of time on.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Patrick Davitt of Autonomous Research. Your line is now open.

My questions have been asked. Thanks.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Bill Katz of Citigroup. Your line is now open.

Okay, thanks for taking the second question. Just stepping back a little bit there’s been some further moment in potentially US tax reform, and it seems like interest deductibility seems to be bubbling up again as a potential area to fund that reform, do you think you can give us your fresh views of how it might spill through the different businesses particularly with some focus on both credit and corporate private equity business? Thank you.

Let me start with that and let others may chime in. First, it’s unclear what the tax bill will be. Having been in Washington for almost 40 years I know that what starts out, likely to be a tax bill isn't what often emerges as the final tax bill. So, I know what has been discussed, but it’s just not clear what will actually get done, but let’s assume for a moment that there is some deductibility of interest. One, it will affect all the private equity firms equally presumably and therefore we would adjust the way we value companies to some extent, but I want to remind people that interest is less important than it used to be for two reasons. One, we are not putting in as much debt as we were many years ago. Remember in the early days of private equity debt often was 95% of the purchase price. In recent years, it’s probably being under 50% in many cases. Secondly, the interest rates are so low today that even if they were to go a little bit higher as the fed likely will do at some point it’s still a relatively modest interest charge compared to what we saw many, many years ago. So, I don't want to make it sound like we’re not concerned about it, we are always concerned about it. We run numbers all the time, but right now, I think it’s not something we can really say for certain what will happen because we don't know what will get through the process of the house and the Senate, but it’s something we look at and it’s clear that there will probably be some effort to make a change in that area.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Brian Bedell, Deutstche Bank. Your line is now open.

Great. Thanks for taking my follow-up. Curt just back on FRE, I appreciate all the sort of granular comments, in your comment about reaching that peak FRE of 250 million or so, I assume that will be in 2019 given what you said about the trajectory stepping up really in the second half of 2018, just wanted to sort of clarify that, you've sort off, I guess make this statement I guess if that would be impossible to hit in 2018 given the step-up?

Thanks for your question. I guess, again I don't like giving specific guidance around FRE exactly when, but 2018 is going to be much better than the current year from FRE perspective and 2019 will be even better than 2018, based on everything I’m saying now, but the exact timing on what hits when, look I’m very comfortable with the 250, when exactly does that come into play, hard to exactly say, but the second half of 2018 is going to be better than the first half and 2019 would be very good.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Michael Cyprys of Morgan Stanley. Your line is now open.

Thanks for taking the follow-up question. Just curious if you could comment on the EBITDA and revenue growth trends at your portfolio companies?

Well, this is Bill, the world is in a synchronized global recovery and so I don't have the numbers right at my fingertips, I don't know if you do Glenn or Kew, but…

What I do know is that through the summer globally revenue and EBITDA were both growing at about 10% across the portfolio.

And that goes a little bit to the fact that of course we invest on the micro basis rather than the macro basis. We’re not buying the index, we’re not buying an economy, we’re buying a specific company, but I would say everywhere the economy is pretty good, if you think about the economies and although people complain about an economy growing at 1% or 1.5% or something like that, the one thing I have seen is, if you are growing at 1.5% you can grow at 1.5% for a long, long, long, long, long time and that kind of keeps you out of the excesses that can happen when you have very fast growth followed by slowdowns and recession. So, I think it is - our portfolio is in good shape generally, you know everybody has some deals they wish they hadn't done or paid lower prices or whatever, but generally we are in pretty good shape and a lot of that is the performance of the global economy which is good too.

Thank you. And I’m showing no further questions at this time. I would like to turn the conference back over to Daniel Harris for any closing remarks.

Thank you for your time today. If you have any follow-up questions, please call investor relations at any point, and we look forward to talking to you again next quarter.

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for participating in today's conference. This does conclude the program and you may all disconnect. Everyone have a great day.