Greetings, and welcome to the W.W. Grainger Second Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] Please note that this conference is being recorded. I will now turn the conference over to your host, Kyle Bland, Vice President, Investor Relations. Thank you. You may begin.

Good morning. Welcome to Grainger's Second Quarter 2025 Earnings Call. With me are D.G. Macpherson, Chairman and CEO; and Dee Merriwether, Senior Vice President and CFO. As a reminder, some of our comments today may include forward-looking statements that are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Additional information regarding factors that could cause actual results to differ materially is included in the company's most recent Form 8-K and other periodic reports filed with the SEC. Results for the second quarter of 2025 are consistent on both a reported and adjusted basis, but will be compared to adjusted results from the prior year period, which were normalized for restructuring costs incurred in the second quarter of 2024. Definitions and full reconciliations of our non-GAAP financial measures with their corresponding GAAP measures are found in the tables at the end of this presentation and in our earnings release, both of which are available on our IR website. We will also share results related to MonotaRO. Please remember that MonotaRO is a public company and files Japanese GAAP, which differs from U.S. GAAP and is reported in our results 1 month in arrears. As a result, the numbers discussed will differ from MonotaRO's public statements. Now I'll turn it over to D.G.

Thanks, Kyle. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining today. In the second quarter, the external environment continued to present a degree of uncertainty. What we're observing in the field though, is largely business as usual with a sharp focus on execution. Customers are seeking reliable partners who can help them manage the current complexity, and Grainger is proud to be that partner. I recently spent some time with manufacturing and industrial customers in Salt Lake City. These conversations consistently focused on how Grainger can help them drive efficiencies, lowering their purchasing costs, and improving inventory management. In times of uncertainty, our role becomes even more important, and we are uniquely positioned to help our customers strengthen their purchasing processes and overall operations. To that end, we continue to collaborate closely with our supplier network to uphold our standard of getting customers the right products when and where they need them. We've built a strong foundation anchored by a world-class supply chain and enhanced by strategic investments in product information and digital capabilities. These efforts, combined with our scale, deep supplier relationships and ability to provide alternative product solutions allow us to deliver unmatched value in any environment. Beyond serving our customers' operations, we also recognize a broader responsibility to the communities we serve. In times of need, we remain steadfast in our commitment to supporting local communities with emergency response and recovery efforts. It's a part of who we are, and how we show up every day. I am proud of the resilience and dedication demonstrated across our organization and remain confident that our team will continue to deliver value for our customers, our communities and our shareholders. In the second quarter, we delivered solid results that in total were largely in line with our May verbal guide.…

Thank you, D.G. Turning to Slide 7. You can see the high-level second quarter results for the total company, including $4.6 billion in sales, up 5.1% on a daily constant currency basis. Within the period, we saw gross margin softness from segment mix and from the aforementioned tariff-related impacts within the High-Touch business, including noise from LIFO inventory accounting. This led to total company operating margins of 14.9% for the quarter, down 50 basis points compared to 2024, but roughly in line with our communicated expectations. Diluted EPS for the quarter of $9.97 was up $0.21 or 2.2% higher compared to the prior year period. Moving to segment level results. The High-Touch Solutions segment delivered solid growth in the quarter. In total, sales were up 2.5% on a reported basis or up 2.8% on a daily constant currency basis, with growth across all geographies and local days, local constant currency. Results were driven by continued volume growth and modest price inflation in the segment. From an end market perspective, our indicators suggest the MRO market remained muted but was softer than expected. We saw strong performance with contractor and health care customers, which helped to offset slower growth in other areas of the business. For this segment, gross profit margin finished the quarter at 41%, down 70 basis points versus prior year. In the quarter, we saw a negative price/cost spread as we progress negotiations with suppliers and elected to not pass any off-cycle price increases on to our customers. This caused timing-related lumpiness in the period. However, as pricing catches up, starting with our regular September cycle, we expect price/cost will begin to recover. Further, because we are on LIFO, we had to pull through the current estimated impact of all effective cost increases known to date, putting further…

Thanks, Dee. Overall, I'm encouraged by how the team continues to manage through this uncertain and evolving environment. Although we did slightly lower our 2025 outlook, it is primarily the result of a softer-than-expected market and transitory impacts on gross margin, neither of which changed our view of how the business is operating overall. I remain confident in our strategy and our ability to drive long-term value for all stakeholders. And with that, we'll open it up for Q&A.

[Operator Instructions] And your first question comes from David Manthey with Baird.

First question on the LIFO accounting and the operating income impact. It looks like it was about, I don't know, 50 basis points or something. And I guess the question that's out here is if you are on average cost for accounting here in book. Would your second out -- the second half outlook has changed at all, or is this just a timing factor of the LIFO and price increases, et cetera?

So our performance as we were on FIFO would have been different, as you noted. However, as it relates to the outlook, our outlook would not have included the negative impacts of LIFO. But our underlying operations, I will say, are still very similar. When you look at our ability to estimate the price increases outside of the LIFO impact and the timing of our cost changes. Those things, I believe, will remain the same. So the only real difference is that we would not have had this LIFO accounting impact flow through COGS and through the P&L in the way it is flowing through today. So when you look at, specifically, our EPS year-over-year just comparing ourselves to ourselves instead of being up 2, EPS would have been up north of 6%.

That makes sense. And then as we're looking forward, Dee, you gave us some insight into third quarter. I think you said gross margin would step down again in the third quarter and operating income would come in at 14.5%, if I heard you correctly. Could we think about the progression from there? So I know operating income usually takes a step down seasonally in the fourth quarter, but not necessarily gross margin. So anything directionally you can talk to us about, how the P&L is going to move from the third quarter to the fourth quarter, just so we incorporate that correctly?

Yes. I do believe seasonally stepping from Q3 to Q4, we will still see the revenue trend through normal seasonality, but the point you make related to pricing, pricing will continue to build, with our September pricing change heading into the fourth quarter. And so we will start to see improvement in gross margins and expect to exit the year with improved price cost. And that's what helps with Boeing operating earnings at the end of the year.

Your next question comes from Tommy Moll with Stephens.

It sounds like there was a judgment call made on the timing of when you're going to push through the second batch of inflationary factors here. And I think you referenced that you're just going to take it on the normal cycle in September. I'm just curious what went into that decision-making process. Did you consider pushing in a more real-time fashion. Have you seen others do that in the marketplace? What were some of the gives and takes there on arriving at the decision you did?

Yes. So we considered all kinds of different options here. We decided to keep our price increase on a normal schedule. We think it's the best thing from a customer stability standpoint, and we're hearing very good things from our customers about that decision. We will be a little bit upside down on price/cost, but there are other factors that are actually moving sort of positively as well. And as we discussed, really the LIFO impact is the biggest impact on our GP right now. And so we felt like ex that, we could manage this by going to [indiscernible].

Following up on Zoro. Good update this quarter. It sounds like you did some pricing optimization and then also reduced the SKU count, if you can bring us into that decision-making process, how long have those initiatives been under consideration? And what's the lay of the land there as we go forward?

Yes. And I think the pricing decision has been in the works for the better part of the year. We've been considering that and made some changes and have learned our way into what we actually did. It's a bit different tilt on pricing, which provides a better experience for customers. The SKU count one, when you have millions and millions and millions of products, 12 million, 13 million products, it's healthy to go through and say which products are actually noise and not creating a great customer experience. So we basically identified a set of products -- a fairly large set of products that we got rid of, we will continue to expand the assortment, but we want to make sure we do it in ways that actually improve the customer experience. So that's really what that was all about.

Your next question comes from Chris Snyder with Morgan Stanley.

D.G., in your opening remarks, you talked about how in times of uncertainty, customers lean more heavily on Grainger. And we certainly saw that through COVID and all the supply chain disruption that followed, but it doesn't seem like we're seeing that same impact here in this current period of disruption. Outgrowth remains sluggish. There seems maybe a little bit of less conviction in pushing price to get value for that supply chain partner status. So I guess, I mean, maybe you would disagree with that. But why do you think maybe we're not seeing that -- those tailwinds that we saw in other times of disruption?

Well, I think the pandemic disruption was very much a supply disruption, which is less the case this time. I think there hasn't been many as many challenges getting supply. So we may have seen some tailwinds there. I would say a couple of things. One is, I don't think we have any lack of confidence in passing price. I think we're just trying to time it correctly for customers and marry it up, so it actually makes sense. And so we still feel like we're going to be able to pass price through this period. We may not see as much cost as others as well. So our price -- the headline prices might not be as big, but there's mix issues and all kinds of things that drive that. And in terms of share gain, actually, the second quarter look better from a high touch share gain, and we continue to see significant disruption between our internal metric and the 1 unit metric, the external one. And the internal one would suggest we gained quite a bit of share in the second quarter, and there's been surveys from your peers that have suggested the market was down 2% or 3% even in the quarter. So I think actually share gain, we feel pretty good about again. So I don't know that we feel like we're not gaining share. We do feel like we're gaining share.

I appreciate that. And then I guess just on the gross margin, the 50 basis points guide down. Could you just kind of maybe talk about how that splits between the LIFO pressures, which it sounds like are higher than we're expected in April despite general de-escalation versus how much of that pressure is just some price/cost timing into the back half?

So I just want to step back a little bit. So thanks for that question. I think it ties back to the last question too, a little bit, which is back in Q1 when we were looking at the guide, there was information in the market related to tariffs. One piece of information looks like China tariff was like at 135%, which it is nowhere near today. And so when D.G. talked about being really prudent, about the timing of when we're going to take price, this is what we mean. Like if we would have taken that assumption, which was very high level, very hard to measure at that point in time and then roll that through our estimates, we would have had some drawing changes to guidance then and then now having had a whole quarter of better information, a little bit more certainty around tariffs and then being able to actually estimate their near-term impacts, I think, has put us in a better position. And then that has also allowed our pricing team to take that information and then make better pricing decisions with our customers at this time. Back to your question related to how much is LIFO versus how much is price cost. The vast majority of the impact to us or like as an example, to High-Touch in this quarter is the LIFO impact. It's like 80 basis points. And so there is impact to price/cost, but much smaller than the impact of LIFO. And we believe that will continue to be the case as we move through the year because as we've noted, we will, in September, be then updating for the incremental increase that had been announced on aluminum and steel for some of the other changes that have occurred. And so…

Your next question comes from Jacob Levinson with Melius Research.

I realize these tariffs are a moving target, but if you've got -- if you have a 30% tariff on China today and obviously different rates than some of the other major manufacturing centers. Does -- is the economics of private label really changing versus the branded side? Because I assume it's probably not necessarily straightforward because you've got branded stuff that's also being made in China or Vietnam, but I'm just trying to get a sense of whether there's been a real shift in terms of the economics of private level?

Yes. So I guess, first of all, I would say that we do have a lot of U.S. private label production, so that is not affected. Certainly, the China component of private brand is -- could be impacted. It really depends -- without sort of giving you a direct answer here, it really depends on the SKU level analysis. So there are some SKUs for which a 30% tariff might make them much less competitive to the national brand. And there's many where it doesn't matter. You're still more competitive coming from China. So really, it's happening at the SKU level. We're watching it very closely. I suspect once we get through the next quarter, we'll have a lot more to say about what we're seeing. It's still really, really early in terms of what we're seeing from the cost increases on our private brand. But it's going to very dramatically by SKU, and we'll have a better perspective over time.

Okay. That makes sense. And just on a brighter note, Zoro seems to be hitting its stride there. I know Tommy asked about it as well. But can you just help us understand like what's really changed in that business? I know there's been a lot of cross-pollination with MonotaRO, but it seems like they're finally kind of getting the flywheel going there.

Yes, yes. I think I'd point to a few things. One is I think they've done a nice job of improving who they target to acquire and then getting to repeat business with those customers. And that includes how they think about what products they promote, how they think about evaluating customers initially, and then how they think about basically marketing to those customers that are attractive. And so a lot of what MonataRO has done to be successful, they built and ported over the logic. It's a little bit different in this context. But to basically get to that repeat business. And that repeat rate is really, really important. That's up about 200 basis points year-over-year, which is a big deal to that business. The other thing I'd say is, as they grow, they had already built out a lot of the capabilities, they get really good leverage when they grow at this point because they don't need to add nearly as much cost. So those 2 things are really working in their favor.

Your next question comes from Ryan Merkel with William Blair.

So it sounds like a key message here on gross margin is that the update is more about LIFO than it is price/cost. So my question is, the new 50 basis point headwind to gross margin for the year, how much of that is LIFO and how much of that is price cost timing?

I will say the majority of that is LIFO. And again, I think we'll really start to see the price cost portions of that unwind into 2026. There is a component there, but as I noted, I kind of noted the impact of High-Touch in this quarter is significant. It is the main event when you look at the year-over-year decline to High-Touch gross margin.

Yes. I would just say, we've said this a few times, RGP would have been flat year-over-year, which is actually better than we expected to start going into the year if we didn't have LIFO. So while we have some price cost headwinds, we have other things that have been positive as well. And so LIFO on the math basis is the entirety of what we're seeing right now.

Okay. That's helpful. And then my follow-up, this might be kind of a hard question, but there's new tariffs being announced today. And one of the questions I'm getting from clients is, is there going to be more price cost risk now in the second half if you have more tariff-driven inflation?

Hard to tell. So I mean, clearly, China is the most significant trade partner we have at this point. So some of the countries that are being announced have much smaller impacts than China does. And Mexico hasn't changed. They are a significant trade partners as well. So it just depends on which countries have that happen to them. And right now, there's obviously risk depending on what happens or opportunity as well, depending on what happens going forward. But China is the biggest one we have to watch. And so, so far, I don't think the things that have been announced today would have a huge impact on us based on [winning]

Your next question comes from Christopher Glynn with Oppenheimer & Company.

So you mentioned a great description of the decision-making process with deferring on price a bit, and you talked about the customer benefits and the good feedback there. I wanted to talk about maybe what long-term strategic goals you might have had in mind there along the way as well. Is this sort of a nice arrow in the quiver as you go through next rounds of contract negotiations and display into the wallet share strategy?

I think our long-term share strategy is based much more on providing exceptional service, helping customers take out costs, helping them with their purchasing process, helping them manage inventory. We -- but we do recognize that you don't want to -- winning the tariff transition is not really a thing for us. For us, it's are we doing the right things for the customers and making sure we continue to build loyalty and trust. And so that's a big part of what we do. And we think that does help us in the long term. This wasn't really a specific point we are trying to make around share gain, but we do think it does help -- we do think it helps us over time.

Okay. Great. And just a follow-up on Zoro. It's had tremendous sequential momentum in the last few quarters. I think the high end of your guidance has kind of flattish through the back half. Is that just conservatism relative to 2Q?

Yes. Last year, they're cycling some tough comps. So it's just a modest deceleration but nothing to worry about. We're still very bullish on their outlook.

Your next question comes from Deane Dray with RBC Capital Markets.

I'd like to circle back on the Zoro SKU pruning. I consider this to be a very healthy process. But I'd love to hear just a bit more detail on the algorithm, the approach here? Is it simplification? Do you look at returns by SKU, the volume that's being done and frequency of ordering. It's probably all of the above, but what is the net impact?

The net impact is basically nothing. These are SKUs that basically weren't moving. And frankly, we're probably not helping searchability on the website. And so these are very low risk, like no risk financial decisions that were made in the quarter.

Great. Is there any -- would you be following a similar practice with the core Grainger offerings? Is that -- have you done any meaningful calling of the SKUs? And maybe just kind of size that process for us?

We do that on an ongoing basis. That is not new for us. We probably have 80,000 SKUs followed every year, roughly or something like that, and then we add a little bit more than that to get to the net assortment number. But that is a very well, well-trod path and the analytics to make those decisions a very clear have been in place for a long time. I think with Zoro, the difference is you added so many so fast. We've added things that we didn't know if they were going to sell or not. And so if they didn't, then we made the decision.

Your next question comes from Christopher Dankert with Loop Capital Markets.

I guess just -- I'm sorry to come back to pricing here again, but just on High-Touch pricing specifically, you'd flag 1 to 1.5 points of kind of target price for the quarter, we came in basically flat. Was that fully offset by negative mix? Or was it a measure of weak realization on the price front there?

So when we laid out what we thought we would realize the 1% and 1.5%, that was on an annualized run rate basis. And so you're right. In the quarter, you'd have to look at how much of that in the next quarter, you would actually realize. Well, one, the actions were taken in May, so we didn't have the full quarter. So that's an impact. And then when you compare to prior year 2024 actions, they're so offset there year-over-year because last year's increase was larger than the one we took this year. So that explains a portion of it. The rest of it, though, we believe has to do with the fact that our sales and others are taking price on different SKUs at different times, and it's really hard to read elasticity. Based upon what we continue to see, even including in this month, that is improving. And so we have conviction that on a run rate basis, we will get on an annualized basis to the 1% to the 1.5%. And as it relates to September, with that continued conviction and then the new -- an additional pricing of tariffs and other negotiated costs, we plan to pass enough to realize an additional 2% to 2.5% on an annualized run rate basis to cover those increases. And then as we stated in our prepared remarks, when you look at that across all of 2025, we expect to realize about 1%, the combination of those 2 with the timing because we do -- we are starting to see competitors take more price. And so we feel like we'll be in a more normalized environment and realization will get back to what we have seen historically.

I guess just as a follow-up here. I noticed you moved about $100 million from the buyback towards CapEx investment in the guide here. Just maybe some color on what we're spending on, what kind of projects are moving forward here that look more attractive today?

Yes. It's -- what I would say is the vast majority of that is in the supply chain investment, and it was -- there was an opportunity to make an investment for the future. It's not going to be near term, but it's longer term. And so we're thinking about the longer-term network evolution, and there was just an opportunity to add some money to the budget.

[Operator Instructions] Our next question comes from Sabrina Abrams with Bank of America.

Apologies, I'm also going to go back to pricing. But if I look at like the government pricing data for nondurable wholesalers, like the smaller machinery equipment and supplies wholesalers. The industry data is closer to like mid-single digits up year-over-year. And I just want to understand maybe it's something in the definition of how you report pricing. But just want to understand like maybe the difference between what the government data suggesting inflation is running at versus reported pricing for you guys?

Yes. I mean I think it's -- that's an interesting deal. Obviously, we look at -- first of all, we think we've got better scale and opportunity to not have the cost increases maybe that others might take. And so we tend to match, try to match our cost with our pricing, and that's what you'll see us do over the next few years. What Dee did talk about, though, is we will be run rate 3% to 4% at the end of the year for this year. So you will see us increase prices. But we're not happy to take them maybe as soon as others do. That's not unusual for us when there's an inflationary environment that's been the history.

And then just on the High-Touch volume, they were better, I guess, than what I had in my model in the quarter. I think there we have like some monthly sales. I think July, you said taking a little bit better on easier comps. Anything to call out on like cadence of demand in the quarter? Like I understand you guys don't have a ton of -- you guys don't really have like big capital project exposure, but I think what we're hearing from some of the other manufacturers is you did feel a little bit better about the macro in July. So just any color there?

Yes. I mean it's hard to talk about the macro. I think the macro has been one. I do think we've -- like I said before, we are doing better on share gain and volume share gain was pretty solid in the quarter. And again, we'd expect that in July. So it doesn't feel like a huge change, frankly. It feels like the demand environment is still relatively muted, but we do feel like we're doing reasonably well in that environment.

Your next question comes from Ken Newman with KeyBanc Capital Markets.

Maybe to piggyback on that last question. Look, it does sound like you feel confident around the net price realization in the back half on the negotiations that are already finalized. I guess, is the confidence that volumes don't have another -- don't have a negative response as you introduce these price increases really just driven by net customer adds? Or is it that you think there's also a stickiness to your current customers as it relates to volumes today?

Well, I mean, I guess what we would say is we think that price increases in general and inflation in general is going to have an impact on market demand. So we do have some -- we have the market demand not doing as well in the back half as we had in the first half. So that's where you see that impact. We don't think we are uniquely exposed. We think everybody is doing the same thing. And so we feel confident in our ability to realize prices with that lower market demand.

Got it. Okay. And then just for my follow-up, switching gears to Endless Assortment. I think the total revenue guide kind of implies Endless Assortment grows similar on a total sales, maybe like in that high teen to low 20% in the back half, but maybe the incrementals are slightly lower than what we saw in 2Q. , is that right? And if so, just any comments on what's driving that deleverage?

Yes. You do have that right. And again, we talked a little bit earlier about the fact that some of it is the comp that Zoro is cycling through because they had a stronger back half last year, after some of the actions they took the prior year. And so when you look at it on a 2-year basis, we feel like the numbers are in the right realm. So it's really a comping issue for EA.

And your next question comes from Patrick Baumann with JPMorgan.

One quick one on gross margin. So it looks like the exit rate on gross margin in the fourth quarter is maybe in the high 38% range. Given the timing of the price increases coming through, which I think you said are going to annualize at 3% to 4%, maybe that hits at some point in '26, but starting in late '25, I guess. And then also the LIFO impacts to '25, do you think 2026 will be a year of gross margin expansion back to that 39% level just based on all those things and this LIFO dynamic that sounds like it's timing related.

I would say that would be reasonable, all things equal and no other dramatic changes there and things like that are announced.

Today, we would say that would be very likely. But obviously, things could change. But yes, that is the way it should flow.

Yes.

I mean I'll take that as an encouraging sign because I actually wasn't really expecting a response from you on that. The next question was on government customer dynamics. It looks like things were relatively stable in the quarter after slowing a bit in the first quarter. Can you talk about whether you've seen contract cancellations at all impact your business there and whether you've been able to backfill that with other activities? Just any dynamics within government customer federal versus state, local versus military, however, you want to talk to it?

Yes. I mean -- so certainly, the place we've seen -- we don't have contracts canceled. We don't -- we typically are transacting in small orders with our customers basically. But the non-military federal business certainly has been struggling is down. The military business has been good. State and local has been okay. Some states doing well, some not. So really, other than that, the small portion, we're 70% state and local, 30% federal. Most of our federal and military. We aren't that impacted by this. It's a very small portion that has some impact.

And there are no further questions at this time. So I'll hand the floor back to management for closing remarks.

All right. Thanks for joining us today. We really appreciate it. It's an interesting moment. From our perspective, obviously, Endless Assortment had a really good quarter and has a lot of momentum. We feel like the High-Touch model is gaining share and the volume looks pretty healthy. And our underlying performance would have been pretty good and quite good actually, had it not been for LIFO, but we are on LIFO. So the reality is we have altered our guide based on -- largely on that, as we discussed, and that will cycle through. And it's going to be several quarters until that cycle through, and that goes away as an issue. And also, we do believe that market demand is going to be relatively muted, and we've taken that down as well. And that's just a reflection of what we think tariff price increases are likely to do to the market. We also think that's temporary. None of those -- neither of those things changes the way we think about the business or run the business. And like I mentioned, we run it for long-term health and success. So we feel pretty confident about what we're doing and how we're doing it and appreciate you joining today. Thank you.

This concludes today's conference. All parties may disconnect. Have a good day.