Greetings. Welcome to Gladstone Commercial Corporation Year-End Earnings Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce Mr. David Gladstone, Chief Executive Officer. Thank you. Sir, you may begin.

Well, thank you, Sherry. That was a nice introduction, and thanks to all of you for calling in this morning. We enjoy the time that we have with you on the phone and wish we had more time to talk to you. Now, we'll hear from Michael LiCalsi, our General Counsel and Secretary, to give you the legal and regulatory matters concerning the call of this report. Michael, it's your turn.

Thanks, David, and good morning, everybody. Today's report may include forward-looking statements under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including those regarding our future performance. These forward-looking statements involve certain risks and uncertainties that are based on our current plans, which we believe to be reasonable, and many factors may cause our actual results to be materially different from any future results expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements, including all the risk factors in our Forms 10-Q, 10-K and other documents we file with the SEC, and find them website at gladstonecommercial.com, specifically to the Investors page, you can go to the SEC's website, which is www.sec.gov. Now we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any of these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. And today, we will discuss FFO, which is funds from operations. The FFO is a non-GAAP accounting term defined as net income, excluding the gains or losses from the sale of real estate and any impairment losses on property, plus depreciation and amortization of real estate assets. We'll also discuss core FFO, which is generally FFO adjusted for certain other non-recurring revenues and expenses. And we believe these metrics are a better indication of our operating results and allow better comparability of our period-over-period performance. Please visit our website, once again, that's gladstonecommercial.com, sign up for our e-mail notification service. You can also find us on Facebook. The keyword there is the Gladstone Companies and Twitter, which is now X at Gladstone Comps. Today's call is an overview of our results, so we ask that you review our press release and Form 10-K, both issued yesterday for more detailed information. Now with that, I'll hand it over to Gladstone Commercial's President, Buzz Cooper. Buzz?

Thank you, Michael, and thank you all for joining today's call. We look forward to updating you our quarter and year-end results, current portfolio and our 2025 outlook, focusing first on the broader economic environment. Last month, Donald Trump assumed office ushering in a new administration, policy goals and economic agenda. Shortly thereafter, the Federal Reserve announced a pause in interest rate cuts after progress toward the 2% long-term inflation target stalled. The length of the pause is still to be determined, but in the meantime, US treasury yields remain volatile. Looking back on 2024, industrial real estate continued to outperform in spite of numerous headwinds, including interest rate volatility, inflation and labor disputes. According to Cushman & Wakefield, net absorption totaled 135 million square feet for the year on par with forecast. Q4 2024 industrial vacancy rose by 150 basis points to 6.7. This pace of increase was the slowest in 2 years, signaling that we may approach peak vacancy in the near future. Finally, new deliveries fell in Q4 2024 and to the lowest levels since mid-2021, driven by high interest rates and the excess new supply we saw coming online post-COVID. While industrial fundamentals held up during the year, we have yet to see capital markets fully return. According to CBRE, for the year-end December 31, 2024, single asset investment volume increased by 5.1% year-over-year to $67.9 billion. Total commercial real estate volume over the same period increased by 6.4%. Moving on to our portfolio, we are once again very confident heading into the new year and quarter. During 2024, we collected 100% of cash-based rents, acquired campus properties for $26.8 million, totaling 3,16,727 square feet, increased portfolio industrial concentration as a percentage of annualized straight-line rent to 63%, renewed or extended more than 2.9 million square…

Thank you, Buzz and good morning everyone. I'll start my remarks regarding our financial results this morning by reviewing our operating results for the fourth quarter of 2024. All per share numbers referenced are based on fully diluted weighted average common shares. FFO and core FFO per share available to common stockholders were both $0.35 per share for the quarter. FFO and core FFO available to common stockholders during the fourth quarter of 2023 were both $0.36 per share. FFO and core FFO for the 12 months ended December 31st were $1.41 and $1.42 per share, respectively. FFO and core FFO for the same period in 2023, $1.46 and $1.47 per share, respectively. Same-store rents increased by 5% and in the three months ended December 31st over the same period in 2023 due to increased straight-line rent rates and recovery revenue associated with one of our properties. Our same-store rent for the year ended December, 2024 increased by 2.3% over the same time period in 2023 due to an increase in recovery of revenue from property operating expenses and a settlement received at one of our properties related to deferred maintenance during the current period, partially offset by accelerated rent attributable to a lease terminated in the prior period. Our fourth quarter results reflected total operating revenues of $37.4 million, with operating expenses of $25 million as compared to operating revenues of $35.9 million and operating expenses of $28.1 million for the same period in 2023. Operating revenues were higher in 2024 due to increased straight-line rental rates and recovery revenue associated with one of our properties. Expenses were higher in the 2023 period, mainly due to a larger impairment charges offset by higher proper property operating expenses in 2024. Looking at our debt profile, 49% is fixed rate, 50%…

That was a good report, Gary, and a good one from Buzz and Michael too. The team that we've got now is performing very well. Overall, a very nice quarter. You heard today in summary, during the fourth quarter, we acquired an industrial facility in St. Clair, Missouri and we spent about $5.2 million doing that. So we may have some more this month, but that's the one that we did in the last quarter. We sold one non-performing core property, so that's gone. And we renewed leases of two of our properties. So we are still in very good shape. The commercial team is growing the real estate that we own at a good pace, and the team is doing a great job managing the partnership -- the parties that we own, especially during these challenging times. Our team of strong professionals continues to pursue potential quality properties and the list of acquisitions that we're reviewing continues to grow nicely. The acquisition team is seeking strong credit tenants, how do people talk about being location, location, location, we are always into who is the team that's running the business. Okay. Let's stop here and operator, if you'll come on and help some of our listeners ask a lot of good questions for this time.

Yes, sir. [Operator Instructions] Our first question is from Gaurav Mehta with Alliance Global Partners. Please proceed.

Yes. Thank you. Good morning.

Good morning.

Good morning.

I wanted to ask you on your balance sheet. I was hoping to get some more color on your leverage expectations. I think you said it's 44.1% as of 4Q. And just wanted to hear, if that's close to your target number or you expect your leverage to go over -- and then as a follow-up on the balance sheet, I also wanted to learn what your expectations were between secured and unsecured debt mix within your capital structure?

Gaurav, our goal is to continue to delever getting down. We're 44.1%. We'd like to get that down further, probably in the lower 40s. And then as far as secured debt, we continue to decrease that as an overall proportion of our debt on an absolute basis. So that's really where we're going with that. We're going to get build up on the unsecured debt and -- but overall, less debt on the balance sheet.

Okay. And then a follow-up on your industrial focus, I think you said 70% in the near-term. Do you expect to achieve that 70% this year?

Gaurav, we're very hopeful of that. Obviously, it's going to be in combination of acquisitions as well as dispositions. But I believe that we will as it relates to the percentage relative to straight-line rent.

Okay. Thank you. That’s all I have.

Thank you.

Thanks, Gaurav.

Do we have another question, operator?

Yes. Our next question is from Rob Stevenson with Janney Montgomery Scott. Please proceed.

Good morning, guys. Buzz, given your acquisition commentary, can you talk about the market depth today for the office assets that you want to sell over the next 12 to 18 months? Are the transactions happening and what the sort of pricing looks like these days relative to 6, 12, 18 months ago on the office side?

Sure. Thanks, Rob. And as you know, we've been very selective on our sales. We are not looking to just sell to sell. Our office portfolio has a vacancy factor of 7%. But as we look to sell, it's going to be opportunistic at this point in time, as well as we want to make sure that we backfill that income that we may be losing with industrial income. So I think we will identify four or five that we will sell here during the year. But if we see something opportunistically on the sales side, relative office will take it. We know it's important to continue to drive down that office portfolio. But again, I would reiterate, it is performing.

Okay. And where is the 130 basis points of vacancy today? Is that aggregated in more assets and what's the prospects for re-leasing or selling those in 2025?

The majority of the occupancy -- excuse me, vacancy is in one or two assets, a couple of which that will from expiring rents here, for instance, a property in Carolina that's going to fall off the books at the end of March at the expiration of that lease. So we won't have that office property to re-lease or have to worry about. Majority is one or two assets. But as it relates to our overall concerns over this year, we have two of the properties that make up approximately 3% of those leases that are coming due end to be sold or have a lease in place that they have an option to purchase. The others that we have specific to office, we have turned proposals on two of those buildings and our rating response to extending the leases.

Okay. That's helpful. And then one for you, David. How should we be thinking about the incentive fee waivers going forward? Is '25 million likely to look a lot like how you did it in '24? Is there something that fundamentally flips in 2025 and commercial goes back to paying the higher incentive fee this year? How should we be thinking about that as we play with our models over the next few days?

As you can imagine, everybody here would like to go back to the original. And so they're working hard to fill in where they need to fill in, in order to get it back to a stronger payment to employees here. But you know our position. We don't pay ourselves that we're not doing a good job for our shareholders. It's shareholders first at this company. Rob, I wish I knew the projections well enough to say to you when we'll be back to that. But I don't have a date yet in mind and I think we're going to be much stronger this year than we were last year. So hopefully, that gives you a feeling of security about what we're doing here.

Okay. Perfect. Thanks guys. Appreciate the time this morning.

Thank you.

Do you have any more questions?

Yes. Our next question is from John Massocca with B. Riley Securities. Please proceed.

Good morning.

Good morning, John.

Maybe starting off the balance sheet. Given the private placement and security issuance recently completed, I mean, is that kind of how we should expect fund to go forward. And I guess that pricing kind of the correct pricing, at least in the current market in terms of interest rate?

John, it's Gary. I think we should expect that to be not our primary mode of financing. Obviously, we have the line of credit, we have bank term loans. But yes, we intend to continue on with private placements the market willing that the interest rate we got, we thought was pretty strong for a first-time issuer. So it might hopefully indicative and hopefully maybe even less in the future.

That's helpful. And then on the leasing front, can you just provide a little color on leasing activity in 4Q. I know you gave kind of numbers and metrics. But were those industrial assets, office properties and kind of maybe how did rents trend versus what was in place before renewal or re-leasing?

They were both office and industrial and really was industrial -- they also were plus ups as it relates to industrial, but also in the office. The office deals were mostly on five years. We see that trend continuing as we look to renew current office buildings. And then on the industrial side, various pockets around the country and again, we did see a large one last year up in Pennsylvania. We are seeing a plus up in rents as it relates to those renewals.

Okay. And then I know I talked on the last earnings call, but maybe more in the context of 2025, just broad strokes, what's kind of the CapEx expectations, just balancing the relatively small amount of leases expiring in the current year versus maybe some more meaningful lease expirations in 2026 and 2027. Just trying to think about how spending there might go in the current year?

Obviously, CapEx that we have been spending on renewals is what I'll term, positive CapEx for us, both with the retention of the tenancy, but it does bring an increase rent -- so we don't have a lot of expense from a capital exposure point within our buildings. The majority of it is leasing expenses and improvement to the buildings. Of that, we have it budgeted. We are -- it's very manageable. But again, a majority of it has been, and we'll be here in the certainly next nine months going to be for those dollars that we had to spend in leasing commissions in order to have the nice plus up that we had coming out of 2024.

Okay. That's helpful. And that's it for me. Thanks very much.

Thank you.

Okay. Do we have any other questions today?

Yes, we do. Our next question is from Dave Storms with Stonegate Capital. Please proceed.

Good morning. Just hoping to maybe get a sense of around the timing for some -- the two held-for-sale assets. Anything despite there?

As to timing, one is going to be in the April 1, per contract. We don't see a reason for that not to occur, and the other would be in the second quarter. I think early April, most likely.

Thank you. And then just as it relates to the recycling program, is there any sense of what you're seeing in the spread in cap rates between maybe those held-for-sale assets and what you might have in the acquisition pipeline?

Dave, I'm not sure I understand that question unless you're asking the cap rate difference between sale to acquisition.

Yes, essentially.

Okay. So, obviously, on the acquisition side, we are seeing cap rates in need to play in an area of 7.5% to 8% going in basis. Our sales are probably somewhat a little bit higher than that just because they're office, but not dramatically so, because we don’t have the pressure too other than within the industry to get office off our books, we can be selective.

Understood, that's very helpful. Thank you. And then just one more for me. Are you seeing any early impacts from some of the rhetoric around tariffs and some of the implementation of those tariffs?

Yes. Thank you for that. We've canvassed our tenancy. Do not see an immediate impact as it relates to the potential threat of tariffs. Of course, we've got to see where they -- who and where they hit. But our tenancy currently has not expressed any such fear. We are looking for that it may help create more industrial opportunities with reshoring, onshoring. So, we are not currently -- see a great deal of stress as a result.

That’s all for me. Thank you.

Thank you.

Okay. Do we have any other questions today?

Yes. Our final question is from Craig Kucera with Lucid Capital Markets. Please proceed.

Yes, hey good morning guys. Just following up on some of the discussion on capital recycling. Can you give us a sense broadly of the dollar amount of what you might be acquiring and selling in your -- as you're reviewing things?

On the acquisition side, I'm hoping that it is a good bit more than we had in 2024. We're looking forward to getting back to our, what I'll call, what I think is more normal production of $100 million a year. So, I'm hopeful for that. I think we have a pretty good pipeline going in. They're not all booked obviously. And as it relates to the disposition that will allow us to be more discerning in our dispositions looking to get rid of some of the office assets that we feel might be problematic down the road as it relates to what people are looking for in the marketplace. We've been, I think, pleasantly surprised with some of our dispositions on the creative activity of the buyers, either turning it into Pickleball, turning it into single-family and apartments. And again, just to remind, we don't have properties in CBDs. So, as a result, there are some local buyers that find some of our properties attractive to reposition.

Okay, great. You mentioned you had the North Carolina asset. I think it was an office asset expiring at the end of this quarter, which you expected to sell. But for the remaining 2025 expirations, are those office or industrial?

One is an industrial that is, again, under a lease with a purchase option, which we believe will get exercised, and two others are office, of which we do have, and that's approximately 110,000 square feet. We do have exchange paper as it relates to renewals.

Got it. And just one more for me. You did reclass a lease as a sales type this quarter. Is that going to still be a component of the base management fee calculation?

Yes. That will be. It's an odd kind of addition to the accounting, this ASC 842. This is the property, the industrial property that Buzz mentioned. And when they entered into the lease in November with our expectation of the sale, we had to give the guidance, reclassify -- classify that as a sales-type lease. It's kind of an odd deal. That's one of the reasons we have that large gain on sale on our balance, on our income statement. But yes, to answer your question, we are accounting for that as part of the base management fee. It's still a piece of real estate on our balance sheet but even though it's not on our balance sheet, S&P's real estate.

Got it. That's what I figured. I just wanted to double check. Thank you that’s all for me.

Okay. Any more questions today?

There are no further questions.

Well, that was a little bit better than last quarter in terms of number of questions, but we'd love to have more questions. So next quarter, I hope you guys get all tuned up and ask us lots of questions because we enjoy answering them. And I know our audience likes to hear. All right. That's the end of this presentation. And so we'll say goodbye until next quarter.

Thank you. This will conclude today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time, and thank you for your participation.